• The KIPS Transactions:PartB
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• v.19B no.1
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• pp.31-36
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• 2012

In recent years, there has been increasing interest in recommender systems which provide users with personalized suggestions for products or services. In particular, researches of collaborative filtering analyzing relations between users and items has become more active because of the Netflix Prize competition. This paper presents the reinforcement learning approach for collaborative filtering. By applying reinforcement learning techniques to the movie rating, we discovered the connection between a time sequence of past ratings and current ratings. For this, we first formulated the collaborative filtering problem as a Markov Decision Process. And then we trained the learning model which reflects the connection between the time sequence of past ratings and current ratings using Q-learning. The experimental results indicate that there is a significant effect on current ratings by the time sequence of past ratings.

• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.667-674
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• 2013

Improving the earthquake resistance of buildings through seismic retrofitting using steel braces can result in brittle failure at the connection between the brace and the building, as well as buckling failure of the braces. This paper proposes a new seismic retrofit methodology combined with glass fiber sheet (GFS) and non-compression X-brace system using carbon fiber (CFXB) for reinforced concrete buildings damaged in earthquakes. The GFS is used to improve the ductility of columns damaged in earthquake. The CFXB consists of carbon fiber bracing and anchors, to replace the conventional steel bracing and bolt connection. This paper reports the seismic resistance of a reinforced concrete frame strengthened using the GFS-CFXB system. Cyclic loading tests were carried out, and the hysteresis of the lateral load-drift relations as well as ductility capacities were investigated. Carbon fiber is less rigid than the conventional materials used for seismic retrofitting, resulting in some significant advantages: the strength of the structure increased markedly with the use of CF X-bracing, and no buckling failure of the bracing was observed.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.87-103
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• 2007

This paper presents some of the results from an experimental research project on the behavior of extended end-plate connections subjected to moment conducted at the Structural Laboratory of Jordan University of Science and Technology. Since the connection behavior affects the structural frame response, it must be included in the global analysis and design. In this study, the behavior of six full-scale stiffened and unstiffened cantilever connections of HEA- and IPE-sections has been investigated. Eight high strength bolts were used to connect the extended end-plate to the column flange in each case. Strain gauges were installed inside each of the top six bolts in order to obtain experimentally the actual tension force induced within each bolt. Then the connection behavior is characterized by the tension force in the bolt, extended end-plate behavior, moment-rotation relation, and beam and column strains. Some or all of these characteristics are used by many Standards; therefore, it is essential to predict the global behavior of column-beam connections by their geometrical and mechanical properties. The experimental test results are compared with two theoretical (equal distribution and linear distribution) approaches in order to assess the capabilities and accuracy of the theoretical models. A simple model of the joint is established and the essential parameters to predict its strength and deformational behavior are determined. The equal distribution method reasonably determined the tension forces in the upper two bolts while the linear distribution method underestimated them. The deformation behavior of the tested connections was characterized by separation of the column-flange from the extended end-plate almost down to the level of the upper two bolts of the lower group and below this level the two parts remained in full contact. The neutral axis of the deformed joint is reasonably assumed to pass very close to the line joining the upper two bolts of the lower group. Smooth monotonic moment-rotation relations for the all tested frames were observed.

• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.599-609
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• 2009

This paper discusses generalized modeling schemes for both reinforced concrete (RC) and post-tensioned (PT) flat plate buildings. In this modeling approach, nonlinear behavior due to slab flexure, moment and shear transfer at slab-column connections, and punching shear was included along with linear secant stiffness of each member or connection that accounts for concrete cracking. This generalized model was capable of simulating all different scenarios of slab-column connection failures such as brittle punching, flexure-shear interactive failure, and flexural failure followed by drift-induced punching. Furthermore, automatic detection of drift-induced punching shear and subsequent backbone curve modifications were realistically modelled by incorporating the limit state model, in which gravity shear versus drift capacity relations were adopted. The validation of the model was conducted using one-third scale two-story by two-bay RC and PT flat plate frames. The comparisons revealed that the model was robust and effective.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.1-9
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• 2014

Improving the earthquake resistance of buildings through seismic retrofitting using steel braces can result in brittle failure at the connection between the brace and the building, as well as buckling failure of the braces. In this study, a non-compression cross-bracing system using the Carbon Fiber Composite Cable (CFCC), which consists of CFCC bracing and bolt connection was proposed to replace the conventional steel bracing. This paper presented the seismic resistance of a reinforced concrete frame strengthened using CFCC X-bracing. Cyclic loading tests were carried out, and the maximum load carrying capacity and ductility were investigated, together with hysteresis of the lateral load-drift relations. Test results revealed that the CFCC X-bracing system installed RC frames enhanced markedly the strength capacity and no buckling failure of the bracing was observed.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.171-179
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• 2020

Media technologies that have made the hyper-connected age change the way people use communication text. Ads texts actively used by companies are storytelling and storydoing. These two advertising texts are very effective in inducing people's emotions and forming participatory behavior. People's thinking tendency also influence persuasion. The results of this study are as follows according to the type of ads text and the thinking tendency of consumers. Consumers' attitudes toward ads turned out to be more positive in synthetic thinking. In analytical thinking, the storytelling ads texts induced more favorable responses. On the other hand, in comprehensive thinking, the story doing text was effective. The same result was found in the perception of premium value, willingness to pay premium price, and repurchase intention.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Computer Information Conference
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• 2021.07a
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• pp.117-122
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• 2021

In order to reveal the co-research relationship with key research institutes in the computer field in Korea, which have high competitiveness in the ICT field, this paper analyzes the co-author network of research institutes based on the papers of Korean journals. For this study, 15 computer journals published in Korea were selected and collected for the past 5 years. In addition, authors, affiliated institutions, and country information were extracted from the papers, and experimental data were produced using institutional identification data and SNA analysis techniques. Through this, statistical analysis was performed on researchers, research institutes, and countries, and the centrality of research institutes was measured through co-authored network analysis and visualized as a map. The results of the research that analyzed the co-author relationship based on the papers in computer science journals published in Korea are as follows. First, the status of co-author relations among researchers was statistically analyzed in detail. The number of authors, the number of co-authors, and statistics by co-authoring countries, as well as the ratio of co-authored research by institution and the ratio of co-authored by country were revealed. The co-authoring status of papers in English journals was analyzed separately to compare and analyze characteristics. Second, the centrality of each individual was measured through the co-authored network analysis of the identified researchers, institutions and countries affiliated with the institution, and the frequency of connection between data by level was identified. In addition, the co-authorization network between research institutes was visualized and presented as a map so that the overall view of the co-authoring network was presented, and the connection frequency between the institutes was checked. It is possible to recommend a research partner based on the co-authoring behavior of Korean computer researchers and the co-authoring relationship between major research institutes. For this, additional research is needed to analyze the subject areas of each institution.

• The Journal of shipping and logistics
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.527-544
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• 2018

In this study, SNA analysis was conducted to examine changes in passenger movements in domestic coastal shipping. The validity of derivation of centrality rankings was enhanced by using the connection centrality that reflected weights, which had not been applied in previous research. The results of the connection centrality analysis indicated that the network composition ratio of the South Sea region was high, and the results of analysis of betweenness centrality indicated that ports belonging to the South Sea region recorded high ranks. Jeju Island, which acts as a gateway to the West Sea and the South Sea, Mokpo, which acts as a gateway between the land and islands, those ports that are geographically close to the land, and those ports that are smoothly connected to small ports, were shown to have betweenness centrality. Meanwhile, in the results of analysis of eigenvector centrality, not only ports in the South Sea region but also many ports in the West Sea region were included in the high ranked ones. Using these results, the port authority can identify major ports in domestic coastal shipping, determine the priorities support, identify the current situation of the port connection relations, and establish strategies for management of key development areas. As future studies, studies in the aspect of economy that separate general passengers and island passengers and utilize data such as fares, distances, and time are necessary.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• no.19
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• pp.83-90
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• 1999

The aim of this study to present useful information on effective space composition by understanding education process of a preschool for children's education and required interior space for this process. The 6th education process of a preschool as the criteria on this study would be classified into 5 spheres as follows : Health life, Social life, Expression life, Language life. survey life. And the required interior space would largely be classified into interesting sphere and home sphere. As a result of analyzing the space composition, we can draw conclusion as follows : First, the interior spaces for properly doing children's education process have close relations. So, each sphere too independent or too unified is not good. That is to say, each sphere has closely organic connection for enhancing efficiency. Secondly, children's service spaces are considered to in children's education process. And the space had better be made for children only considering their physical states. Finally, we have to in advance process. And the space had better be made for children only considering their physical states. Finally, we have to in advance understand educational aim and program because space composition can be changed according to the aim of education process.

• Proceeding of Spring/Autumn Annual Conference of KHA
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.295-299
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• 2003

The development of rapid science technology and data communication technology in 1990 was infiltrated into our real lives deeply and drew forth various changes in various sides. According to that with the new definition of the character of space the users' patterns in the space were changed. We come to have a turning point of change with the introduction of personal computer and digital revolution late in the 20th century. Accordingly, this study is to analyze the connected structure of the space on a basis of the apartment model house since 2000 in order to investigate the aspect of changing the space according to the era of informationization. This analysis of space structure makes the characteristics in the era of informationization objectified. And it will understand the distinct change of space by grasping the relations with the connection of space, and predict the direction that the dwelling space heads for the future.