• 비교문화연구
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• 제32권
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• pp.109-132
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• 2013

This paper compares sequential and non-sequential verbal conjunctions in Korean, English, and Japanese by looking at how sequential verbal conjunction is treated in each language. It frist reviews verbal conjunctions in Korean, where sequential conjunction is treated as subordination and non-sequential conjunction is treated as coordination, and looks at verbal conjunctions in English and Japanese to see whether or not sequential conjunction in those languages is subordination. According to Oh (2010), sequential and non-sequential conjunctions in Korean behave quite differently with respect to the tense and negation in the final conjunct. Also, Cho (1995, 2005) and Kwon (2004) show that syntactic operations such as extraction and scrambling clearly distinguish sequential conjunction from non-sequential conjunction. The purpose of this paper is to see how sequential and non-sequential conjunctions are analyzed in English and Japanese and to compare those languages with Korean, especially focusing on whether or not sequential conjunctions in English and Japanese are treated as subordination. For this purpose, I first investigate how tense and negation, which provided crucial evidence for concluding that Korean sequential conjunction is subordination, is interpreted in sequential and non-sequential verbal conjunctions in English and Japanese. Also, I investigate the syntactic properties of sequential and non-sequential conjunctions with respect to syntactic operations such as extraction and scrambling in those languages. The results of the investigation show that in Japanese, which is considered typologically similar to Korean, the sequential conjunction is a case of subordination, while in English, which is considered typologically different from Korean, both sequential and non-sequential conjunctions are treated as coordination.

• 한국언어정보학회지:언어와정보
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.1-26
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• 2008

This paper proposes a dynamic approach to anaphoric resolution in conjunction phrases, in terms of Discourse Representation Theory. Unlike Kamp, van Genabith, and Reyle (forthcomming)'s analysis, it proposes two different types of discourse representation structures for conjunction phrases; one for coordinate phrases such as and conjunction phrases and the other one for subordination conjunction phrases such as when subordination phrases. Following Chung (1992), Chung (2004), every element is processed in the order of occurrence and conjunction operators in a non-sentence-initial position cause the ongoing DR to split in two with the same index. DRS conditions and accessibility are accordingly modified so that DRs for conjunction clauses can be accessible from DRs for main clauses.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.44-50
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• 2017

The topic of selection of a grammatical subject in a correlative conjunction phrase has long failed to attract the attention of linguists due to some difficulties not only in figuring out the internal structure of NP's conjoined by a correlative conjunction but also in its heavy dependency on the representational aspects each correlative conjunction demonstrates. In this paper, I have explored the seemingly complex patterns in the selection of a grammatical subject in a correlative conjunction phrase in the frame of the Optimality Theory (Prince & Smolensky 1993, 2008). I show that, with the help of three newly developed constraints such as MinDist, Focus, and PARSE which are ranked relatively to each other, an optimal grammatical subject out of two NP candidates conjoined by a correlative conjunction can be correctly selectable.

• Korean Journal of Mathematics
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.283-296
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• 2022

In 1985, Khan gave some sufficient conditions on semigroup identities to be preserved under epis of semigroups in conjunction with the general semigroup permutation identity. But determination of all identities which are preserved under epis in conjunction with the general permutation identity is an open problem in the category of all semigroups and hence, in the category of all posemigroups. In this paper, we first find some sufficient conditions on an identity to be preserved under epis of posemigroups in conjunction with any nontrivial general permutation identity. We also find some sufficient conditions on posemigroup identities to be preserved under epis of posemigroups in conjunction with the posemigroup permutation identity, not a general permutation identity.

• Journal of Magnetics
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.353-356
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• 2014

The aim of the present study was to examine whether mental practice (MP) in conjunction with repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) can improve the upper limb function of sub-acute stroke patients. This study was conducted with 32 subjects who were diagnosed with hemiparesis by stroke. The experimental group consisted of 16 members upon each of whom was performed MP in conjunction with rTMS, whreas the control group consisted of 16 members upon each of whom was performed MP and sham rTMS. Both groups received traditional physical therapy for 30 minutes a day, 5 days a week, for 6 weeks; additionally, they received mental practice for 15 minutes a day. The experimental group was instructed to perform rTMS, and the control group was instructed to apply sham rTMS for 15 minutes. A motor cortex excitability analysis was performed by motor evoked potentials (MEPs), and upper limb function was evaluated by Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA) and the Box and Block test (BBT). Results showed that the amplitude, latency, FMA, and BBT of the experimental group and the latency, FMA, and BBT of the control group were significantly improved after the experiment (p<0.05). Significant differences were found between the groups in amplitude and latency after the experiment (p<0.05). The results showed that MP in conjunction with rTMS is more effective in improving upper limb function than MP alone.

• 대한한의학원전학회지
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.111-124
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• 2011

The objectives of this study are to look into the grammatical characteristics and find misinterpretations on the translation books. 1. Sentences characteristics 1) Lots of ellipses of grammatical parts can be found such as conjunction, postposition, particle, Coverb, and focus on the parts which has practical meaning such as noun, pronoun, verb, adjective in the sentences. 2) Some predicates are skipped in the later phrases which has contradictive concepts against them of former phrases. 3) Pure Korean word order is exposed especially in complement. 2. Translation fallacy 1) There is fallacy in the sentences omitted paratactic conjunction as follows (1) mistranslation based on the wrong concept of the context between equal relation and subordinate relation. (2) failure on setting up the period, (3) misunderstanding equal relation as cause relation. 2) Some singular phrases, which are condition relation, were analyzed as plural phrases in the sentences omitted connection conjunction. 3) Ellipses of postposition obstruct understanding the difference between modifier and modificand in some sentences. 4) Some cause relation phrases were translated as equality relation due to lack of recognition of ellipsis of coverbs.

• Journal of Magnetics
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.181-184
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• 2014

The aim of the present study was to examine whether motor imagery (MI) practice in conjunction with repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) applied to stroke patients could improve theirgait ability. This study was conducted with 29 subjects diagnosed with hemiparesis due to stroke.The experimental group consisted of 15 members who were performed MI practice in conjunction with repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation, while the control group consisted of 14 members who were performed MI practice and sham therapy. Both groups received traditional physical therapy for 30 minutes a day, 5 days a week, for 6 weeks; additionally, they received mental practice for 15 minutes. The experimental group was instructed to perform rTMS and the control group was instructed to apply sham stimulation for 15 minutes. Gait analysis was performed using a three-dimensional motion capture system, which is a real-time tracking device that delivers data via infrared reflective markers using six cameras. Results showed that the velocity, step length, and cadence of both groups were significantly improved after the practice (p<0.05). Significant differences were found between the groups in velocity and cadence (p<0.05) as well as with respect to the change rate (p<0.05) after practice. The results showed that MI practice in conjunction with rTMS is more effective in improving gait ability than MI practice alone.

• 인지과학
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.35-56
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• 2007

이 논문의 목표는 첫째, 고대, 중세, 현대 영어에 나타나는 수의적 주어 현상을 다양한 문헌에 기초하여 기술적으로 자세히 고찰하고 역사적 변화에 대한 동기를 살펴보며, 둘째, 최근 영어사 연구에서 큰 역할을 하고 있는 인지적 제약(constraints)에 기반하여 수의적 주어 현상의 역사적 변화에 대한 원리적인 설명을 하는 것이다. 영어사에서 두 유형의 주어 생략-영 주어(pro) 탈락과 등위절 주어-이 고대, 중세, 및 현대 영어에 나타났는데, 고대 영어는 풍부한 굴절 체계의 영향으로 영주어 탈락과 등위절 주어 생략이 다 같이 나타났고, 굴절이 많이 약화된 중세영어에는 여전히 이 두 현상이 나타났으나 발생정도가 점점 감소 추세였으며, 따라서 소유격과 대명사를 제외하고는 굴절이 상실된 현대 영어에서는 영주어 탈락과 등위절 주어 생략 그 자체가 거의 사라지게 되었다. 이 논문에서는 영어발달사적 관점에서 고대, 중세, 현대 영어의 주어 생략현상이 문법적 측면에서 세 가지 제약들의 위계(hierarchy) 변화로 발생하였고, 형태적 측면에서는 굴절체계의 변화로 발생하였음을 보였다.

• 대한신경집중치료학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.143-147
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• 2018

Background: Hypoglycemia is uncommon in people without diabetes. There have been only a few reports of cardiac arrest in conjunction with hypoglycemia in non-diabetic patients. Case Report: A 66-year-old man visited the emergency room with dizziness. He was a chronic alcoholic. Laboratory test showed no evidence of diabetes mellitus. Brain magnetic resonance imaging revealed a left cerebellar infarction. Abdomen computed tomography demonstrated liver cirrhosis with minimal ascites. During his hospital stay, he consumed only a small amount of food because of nausea and headache. On hospital day 4, he had a cardiac arrest after two seizure episodes. His blood glucose was 10 mg/dL. The combination of liver cirrhosis, renal failure and poor oral intake was presumed to be the causes of the severe hypoglycemia. Conclusion: We report a rare case of cardiac arrest occurring in conjunction with severe hypoglycemia in a non-diabetic patient with cerebral infarction.

• 한국지능시스템학회논문지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.203-209
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• 2015

본 논문은 건설협력업체의 핵심역량 대하여 일반회귀분석과 퍼지회귀분석을 실시하였다. 이것은 핵심역량이 건설협력업체의 등급에 어느 정도 영향을 주는 지에 대하여 두 종류의 회귀분석으로 확인하기 위한 것이다. 건설협력업체 평가등급에 대한 일반회귀분석 결과에서 건설협력업체의 등급결정에 영향을 주는 핵심역량은 경영과 업체기여도 임을 알 수 있다. 건설협력업체 평가등급에 대한 퍼지회귀분석은 Min, Max, Conjunction 중에서 Min, Conjunction 문제는 100%의 신뢰성이 있어 활용이 가능함을 알 수 있었다. 이상으로부터 일반회귀분석은 종속변수인 건설협력업체의 평가등급에 영향을 주는 핵심역량의 파악이 가능하며, 퍼지회귀분석은 주어진 퍼지출력데이터를 완전히 포함하던지 걸쳐지던지 한 점에 일치하는 건설협력업체 평가등급의 추정치를 보여 주고 있다는 것을 알 수 있다.