• Korean Journal of Geomatics
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.53-57
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• 2004

Due to the traffic congestion and public-oriented transportation policies of Seoul, public transportation is receiving attention and being used increasingly. However, current transport routes configuration is showing unbalanced accessibility throughout the city area creating differences in time, expenses and metal burden of users who travel the same distances. One of the reasons is that transport route planning has been partially empirical and non-quantitative tasks due to lack of relevant methods for assessing the complexity of the transport routes. This paper presents a method to compute the connectivity of public transport system based on the topological structure of the network of transport routes. The main methodological issue starts from the fact that the more transfers take place, the deeper the connectivity becomes making that area evaluated as less advantageous as for public transport accessibility. By computing the connectivity of each bus or subway station with all others in a city, we can quantify the differences in the serviceability of city areas based on the public transportation. This paper is based on the topological interpretation of the routes network and suggests an algorithm that can automate the computation process. The process is illustrated using a simple artificial network data built in a GIS.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.36 no.7
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• pp.591-597
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• 2012

Generally an urban freeway means a primary arterial which provides road users with a free-flow speed, except for ramp junctions during rush hours. However, most road users suffer from traffic congestion in the basic segments as well as in the ramp junctions of urban freeway during rush hours, because most road users prefer urban freeways to local roads in the urban areas. This study then intends to analyze lane traffic characteristics of urban freeway basic segments having more freight vehicles during rush hours, find the lane showing a high correlation with the segment speed between lane speeds, and finally suggest a segment-speed predictive model by the lane speed of urban freeway basic segments during rush hours.

• 한국방재학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2008.02a
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• pp.309-312
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• 2008

In Korea, although the damage from disaster (flood and storm) is increasing, the early stage warning and countermeasure are not in operation rapidly. The research areas of transportation engineering arenot diverse, so once the road is flooded and interrupted, drivers, the system operators and managers are in panic, and nearby roads are in terrible traffic congestion. In case of Korea, the research of evacuation is highly needed, because it is very necessary and easy to apply in real field. In this paper, we establish the concept of transportation disaster prevention system and suggest the directions of it. In addition, based on this research, we choose one example of disasters and establish an example of the transportation disaster prevention system. Our goal is to make steps; prevention, preparation, countermeasure and restoration in the view of minimizing on social chaos and damages emphasizing aspect of transportation countermeasure. This research will be the good precedent of approach, analysis and countermeasure when the disasters are occurred, and a basis of transportation disaster prevention system and manual in Korea.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.57-64
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• 1993

This survey was performed to report rare outbreak of liver cirrhosis in Korean native goat (KNG) which was died of Yangpyeong's goat farm on Feb. 1992. The examination for the KNG was carried out by clinical signs, necropsy and various lab-oratory test including parasitic, bacterial and histological test. The KNG looked jaundice, ascite, hemorrhage of lumen, abomasum and intestine, and brownish smooth cirrhotic liver at necropsy. Histological examination for liver revealed considerable proliferation of connective tissue and piecemeal necrosis which was caused by chronic active inflammation in interlobules and intralobules. There were atrophic micro and macro nodules which were sur-rounded by connective tissue. The lobular structure lack almost all central vein. The portal areas appearred proliferation of bile ducts, blood vessels and connective tissues. These connective tissue infiltrated heavily with plasma cells, Iymphocytes and histocytes. Histological examination for brain proved to be hepatic encephalopathy by virture of congestion and edema in cerebral medullary. From these results were demonstrated miked nodular, active, postnecrotic liver cirrhosis.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.35-62
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• 1995

Traffic has a very important function but has caused such social problems as traffic congestion parking and traffic accidents in metropolitan areas. It is difficult to examine the causes of traffic accidents related to human life, which occur by human, vehicle and environmental factors. But human factor is the only measure requlating these factors together an analyzing factors influencing establishment of counterplan of traffic accidents. Consequently , this study employs the principal component analysis and stepwise multiple regression analysis to estimate the characteristics and influential factors of traffic accidents and defines the typical patterns of happening lots of traffic accidents. Accordingly, this study establishes an acknowledgement model of the causes and preference model of the counterplan of traffic accidents using Multi-Dimension Preference(MDPREF) method.

• Journal of Korean Port Research
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.1-35
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• 1994

The main arterial which runs through the in City of Pusan, carries about 60% of downtown traffic or more, maintains about 20% yearly increase in traffic is severely suffering from the traffic congestion because of concentrated traffic volumes regardless of peak-time periods. The purpose of this study was to grasp the traffic, geometric, and signal conditions of the main arterial through the Videologging System Techniques, perform the transportation system analyses, and finally suggest the improvements which could increase the travel capacity, reduce the average delay and fuel consumption with the optimal conditions of signal system. The following conclusions were drawn : firstly the traffic system should be shifted for the travel distribution on the arterial during the peak time periods, secondly the roadway system of the arterial reviewed for left-turn traffic during the peak time periods, and thirdly the signal system of intersection reconstructed for signal optimization or progression within the range of cycle length suggested.

• Journal of Korean Port Research
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.29-54
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• 1991

In this study, to identify the ineffectiveness of inter-connected system of cargo volume between the Pusan Port and inland areas and also to make more rational suggestions, the following conclusions were drawn by analyzing Container Cargo Traffic from BCTOC to Off-Dock CY: 1. There existed about 30% to 50% reduction in the container transport times when the container transport vehicles were operated during the off-peak period to alleviate the traffic congestion due to mixed traffic. 2. There appeared to be more economic when Off-Dock DY's scattered around the City of Pusan were unified in one ODCY Unit at YangSan, and the Exclusive Overpass Freeway System for the container transport vehicles were constructed and operated on the existing Urban Freeway from BCTOC ti this ODCY Unit (Expected to make about 230 billions Won in net present value by NPV method).

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.26-34
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• 2024

Most human emotions are conveyed through facial expressions, which represent the predominant source of emotional data. This research investigates the impact of crowds on human emotions by analysing facial expressions. It examines how crowd behaviour, face recognition technology, and deep learning algorithms contribute to understanding the emotional change according to different level of crowd. The study identifies common emotions expressed during congestion, differences between crowded and less crowded areas, changes in facial expressions over time. The findings can inform urban planning and crowd event management by providing insights for developing coping mechanisms for affected individuals. However, limitations and challenges in using reliable facial expression analysis are also discussed, including age and context-related differences.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.57-69
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• 2007

The most important problem in logistic activities may be to decrease the transportation efficiency due to the traffic congestion in urban areas. The traffic congestion reduces the average travel speed of freight vehicles, and then increases the travel time. These problems can lead the logistic system to be inefficient. As a result, it causes an increase of transportation costs. In addition, the increased cost is a main barrier for the transition to an advanced logistic system. This study focuses on the analysis of key factors choosing commercial freight vehicles using Logistic regression-analysis with RP (Revealed Preference) data to solve the increase of private freight cars and transportation costs. Additionally, this paper presents policies to promote good use of commercial freight vehicles based on the results of this study.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.1-8
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• 2011

Traffic congestion is a source of significant economic and social costs in urban areas. Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) are a promising means to help alleviate congestion by utilizing advanced sensing, computing, and communication technologies. This paper proposes and investigates a basic and advanced ITS framework Advanced Traveler Information System (ATIS) using wireless Vehicle to Roadside (Centralized ATIS model: CA model) and Vehicle to Vehicle (DeCentralized ATIS model: DCA model) communication and assuming an ideal communication environment in the typical $6{\times}6$ urban grid traffic network. Results of this study indicate that an ATIS using wireless communication can save travel time given varying combinations of system characteristics: traffic flow, communication radio range, and penetration ratio. Also, all tested metrics of the CA and DCA models indicate that the system performance of both models is almost identical regardless of varying traffic demand and penetration ratios. Therefore, DCA model can be a reasonable alternative to the fixed infrastructure based ATIS model (CA model).