• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.27-37
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• 2008

Purpose : Today, it enjoys a sports and a leisure where the anterior cruciate ligament(ACL) injury patient increase. The knee joint is important means of human body movement and to do an important duty when it encounters ACL injuries of the knee joint and the many restriction follows in the life which is ordinary. When it is damaged ACL, it comes to determinate that ACL reconstruction and preservation treatment that the according to condition of ligament and knee joint. After ACL reconstruction, that is the fact which already becomes known the exercise treatment advances a recovery and to reduce a sequela. Methods : we researched the method of exercise treatment after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction operation by journal of science direct and KISS in daecu university. Results : The representative exercise treatment is isometric exercise, isokinetic exercise isotonic exercise and complex exercise but what kind of exercise treatment most is effective, it revealed and support it was not. The method of exercise treatment is very various, so It causes a confusion made to the therapist and patients. So it executes once again it sought the kinetic therapeutic method which is efficient from this research and it tried to observe preceding research after ACL reconstruction. To operation a various the exercise treatments, operation only the treatment which is general compared to it was effective in muscular power and muscle functional improvement. But this like improve despite with the exercise treatment consequence which is continuous from research of most the pain leg compares to the health leg, it appeared the discrepancy which is a muscular power, a muscular endurance and a hypertrophy muscle etc, to the health leg or before operating 100% of muscular power to having gets the many therapy time was the recovery rate. Conclusion : Therefore after ACL reconstruction, it will become the many research continuously which is improve the muscle functional and ROM of the exercise treatment method and From therapeutic site of the patients it does to memorizes knowledge in advance about ACL injuries and the application the isokinetic treatment or exercise program are the set of necessary, frequency and amusement that considers complex what kind of therapeutic exercise becomes accomplished with the patient take care of attention.

• Strategy21
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• s.32
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• pp.36-70
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• 2013

Waegu(倭寇)'s invasion in the Late Goryeo(高麗) Dynasty was huge damage for Goryeo's local society. And It was shock that Goryeo government's basic foundation of rules. Invasion background of waegu for Kyeong-in-yeon(庚寅年, 1350) was Kyushyu(九州)'s political divide because of Nihon(日本) government's confusion. Waegu was huge damage for Goryeo's Jo-wun(漕運, the shipping system of grain paid as a tax) system. So, government started military response, but it was turn out a failure and had great damage. When execution of military operations failed, Goryeo government sent diplomatic delegation to request the prevent of waegu, but the invasion continued. Since waegu invasion, Goryeo was got nowhere with defence of waegu. So, some people demanded for a new understanding of the ocean defence in the government. Lee-Saek(李穡), Woo-Hyeonbo(禹玄寶), Lee-Hee(李禧) and Jung-Ji(鄭地) were representatives of a new understanding of the ocean defence. Their demands were received attention when all operations had been failed. Therefore, Goryeo government began to reorganization of the naval forces and set up a special committee of gunpowder manufacturing named Hwa-tong-do-gam(火筒都監). This administrative reform was achieved substantial results since then. In 1380, the naval battle at Jin-po(鎭浦) was a big event that first gunpowder attack the waegu. Since Jin-po, Goryeo's naval forces gain confidence. In 1389, Dae-ma-do(對馬島) was attacked by Park-Wi(朴葳). It was meant that Goryeo's naval forces had huge offense power. Goryeo's defence system was focused on a northern race before 14th century waegu's invasion. So they were neglected their ocean defence. But after military operation of waegu's invasion was failure, they focused on the ocean defence. A new understanding of the ocean defence was foundation of that. It means to us to a new understanding of the ocean defence. Now, East Asia has maritime disputes. And we have high exposure to potential threats. So, we have a new understanding of importance of the ocean defence. And we fight for 21th century's ocean threats as foundation of sense of national security.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.261-283
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• 2013

ISBP745 has new provisions about sea waybill, road, rail or inland waterway transport documents which ISBP681 did not have provisions about. The main revisions of ISBP745 which were not existent or different from ICC Opinion are as follows: First, where B/L is required when multimodal transport is used as a modes of transport, the revisions stipulates that it is subject to UCP600 article19. this differs from previous ICC Opinion. Second, when a credit requires a transport document to indicate the name, address and contact details of a delivery agent, for the place of final destination or port of discharge, the address need not be one that is located at the place of destination or port of discharge or within the same country as that of the place of destination or port of discharge. Third, in case there exist a number of shippers and a consignee, multiple transport documents are issued. This rule has a clear stipulation on this case. Transport industry regards the indication of "LCL/FCL" or "CFS/CY" common in this case as that requiring multiple transport documents. However, ISBP745 does not regard it the case as that requiring multiple transport documents. This may cause some confusion in examination of documents. Forth, when partial shipment is allowed, and more than one set of original transport documents are presented as part of a single presentation made under one covering schedule and incorporate different dates of shipment, the earliest of these dates is to be used of the calculation of an presentation period.

• Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.347-362
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• 2009

The United Nation agreed to adopt the Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS) until 2008 to solve the significant differences enough to result in different labels or MSDS for the same chemical in different jurisdictions. Though the GHS is an ideal solution in the respect of pursuing only one format of a MSDS throughout the world, it may cause confusion at the beginning due to lack of information. So the Korean Ministry of Labor (MOL) revised the Industrial Safety and Health Act (ISHA) and related public notice on the classification & labelling of chemicals according to the GHS in 2006. The transition period for the implementation of the GHS for substances was set until Jun 30, 2010, and for mixtures until Jun 30, 2013. To promote the implementation of the GHS in Korea, we developed an application program for constructing MSDS database and a management program for providing MSDS contents on the web in accordance with the GHS. We analyzed the sixteen sections of MSDS by the GHS guideline, and the result showed the necessity to construct logically connected DB for chemical identifier, hazard classification, label, standard phrases and regulatory information. Each section of a MSDS was divided into sub-databases to update the database efficiently. According to Relational Database Management System (RDBMS), the sub-databases were automatically assembled and subsequently a full MSDS is produced. At present, MSDS database for 6,314 substances has been built and provided through internet as the MSDS Editing program. During the service period from January 1 to March 31, 13,666 users have searched MSDSs for 33,401 substances. During program review, some comments about the classification results and other MSDS element sources were reported but no technical bug reported. We expect that the MSDS DB management system in accordance with GHS will accelerate the implementation of the GHS in Korea.

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
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• s.49
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• pp.697-712
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• 2017

In recent years, film and animation for cinematic release have embraced stereoscopic vision and the three-dimensional depth it creates for the viewer. The maturation of consumer-level virtual reality (VR) technology simultaneously spurred a wave of media productions set within 3D space, ranging from computer games to pornographic videos, to Academy Award-nominated animated VR short film Pearl. All of these works rely on stereoscopic fusion through stereopsis, that is, the perception of depth produced by the brain from left and right images with the amount of binocular parallax that corresponds to our eyes. They aim to emulate normal human vision. Within more experimental practices however, a fully rendered 3D space might not always be desirable. In my own abstract animation work, I tend to favour 2D flatness and the relative obfuscation of spatial relations it affords, as this underlines the visual abstraction I am pursuing. Not being able to immediately understand what is in front and what is behind can strengthen the desired effects. In 2015, Jeffrey Shaw challenged me to create a stereoscopic work for Animamix Biennale 2015-16, which he co-curated. This prompted me to question how stereoscopy, rather than hyper-defining space within three dimensions, might itself be used to achieve a confusion of spatial perception. And in turn, how abstract and experimental moving image practices can benefit from stereoscopy to open up new visual and narrative opportunities, if used in ways that break with, or go beyond stereoscopic fusion. Noteworthy works which exemplify a range of non-traditional, expanded approaches to binocular vision will be discussed below, followed by a brief introduction of the stereoscopic animation loop III=III which I created for Animamix Biennale. The techniques employed in these works might serve as a toolkit for artists interested in exploring a more experimental, expanded engagement with stereoscopy.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.51
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• pp.173-195
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• 2017

Recently, in South Korea, security management has been strengthened, but there have been an increasing number of cases where the main infrastructure of the country is hacked in the cyber space. South Korea is equipped with sophisticated information and communication technologies, such as Internet, but is threatened by cyber terrorism of North Korea and terrorist organizations. Nevertheless, there is a limit to how to develop a policy and strategic plan for the country, which is related to domestic terrorism and lacks legal and regulatory facilities, and therefore, in this study, proposed suggestions for building adaptive and efficient policy formulation. Based on the theoretical analysis framework of the Strategic Plan for achieving the objectives of the research, we compared the UK 's security strategy with the national security policy of the domestic government. As a result, several problems were derived: First, the domestic security strategy did not take into account the external environment. Secondly, lack of coordination with domestic cyber security goals setting and strategy is causing ambiguity and confusion. Third, the detailed plan of implementation of national security in each province is designed to ensure that there is a possibility that a mixed side effect between ministries and agencies will arise. Fourth, it was found that there was a limit to prepare the evaluation standards for the evaluation and return of domestic security policies in the country. Therefore, in order to establish a policy for the response of domestic cyber terrorism, we set up a vision from long-term perspectives and concrete targets based on the strategic approach of the security policy, It is necessary to present an assignment and formulate an efficient execution plan. It is necessary to maintain and improve the domestic safeguards in order to be able to complement the problems through evaluation and feedback.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.169-188
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• 2012

This study aimed to analyze the characteristics of the bibliographic description of ISBD Consolidated edition published in 2011 and to grasp the considerations in applying the rules of ISBD consolidated edition to KCR4. For achieving this, the four aspects were analyzed such as the description area and data elements, the resource types, the punctuation, and the order of the elements of ISBD Consolidated edition(2011). The characteristics of ISBD Consolidated edition are as follows. First, the content form and the media type area are added in new 0 area and elements are designated by mandatory to confirm to FRBR. Second, content form, content qualification and media type replaced GMD in title and statement of responsibility area. Third, the prescribed punctuations were retained even when this results in double punctuation, and individual square brackets were preferred than entire square brackets when using square brackets to all elements in same area. Fourth, the order of elements in description was set out by patterns of data elements in areas, therefore could reduce the confusion of the order of elements. ISBD Consolidated edition as an international standard would make various rules to maintain the uniformity, but also respects the bibliographic practices of individual countries. Therefore, each country must revise its own rule to conform the ISBD Consolidated edition as well as reflect its unique situation. In Korea, since KCR4 was developed based on the previous edition of ISBD, it should be revised to confirm to the ISBD Consolidated edition. Therefore, this study is expected to contribute to the revision of KCR4.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.193-200
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• 2006

Geographic information and surveying products are a momentous national infrastructure since it is an essential basis for land management and environmental preservation. Hence, it is necessary to set up a systematic plan and countermeasure for the upcoming unification of Korea. Otherwise there would be tremendous confusion and it will cause enormous expenses to establish the national surveying and geographical information standard. In order to show the vision of policies preparing for the unification of North and South Korea, we analyzed the case of Germany and the current status of surveying and Geographical Information in South and North Korea by taking the internet investigation, having a seminar, interviewing experts, and visiting related organizations. First of all, we should predict the change of surveying circumstances after the reunification and establish a plan that unifies laws, systems, and surveying standards of North and South Korea. We need to modify the datum point and unify the surveying product of South and North Korea in World Geodetic System. To accomplish these goals, we must make the map of Korean peninsula and neighboring nations, especially urban area of North Korea. It is considered that National Geographic Information Institute should take a major role in the unification of Korea. With these active preparations and plans, we will achieve the goals of establishing the reinforced surveying policy and minimizing the reunification expenses.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.15 no.11
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• pp.410-421
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• 2015

The purpose of this study is to review the contents of the legislation(2015.5.12.) for shop key money concretely and to find an effective way in making an improvement of practical protection in the process of tenant's shop key money collection. From this point of view, this study tries to make some legislative suggestions as follows. First of all, the code of conflicting definition between 'shop key money' and 'shop key money contract' in the amended Commercial Building Lease Protection Act need to be harmonized with each other because they are likely to face potential problems in the protection of tenant's shop key money collction as well as risks for confusion. In the second place, it requires to strengthen the protection of tenant's shop key money collection by approval of direct opposing power of shop key money itself on condition that it satisfies a certain prerequisites. In addition, the ambiguous codes related to the landlord's disturbance should be distinctly arranged and the distribution principle of demonstration about landlord's disturbance on tenant's shop key money collection also should be made clear. Finally, the standard level of shop key money by region, business district, and category of business should be set and announced by Ministry of Land and Transport.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.112-123
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• 2015

The purpose of this study is to analyze the biotope characteristics of Korean cities and set up biotope type structures for Korean cities based on biotope type classification, dominant biotope type, city's human and nature environmental characteristics and cluster analysis. The findings of the study are summarized as follows: First, regarding the analysis of biotope type classification, cities showed differences in terms of the standard of biotope classification and classification hierarchy. Next, the analysis of dominant biotope types showed the type of forest represents the largest area in most cities. Moreover, a city's characteristic analysis revealed large differences between cities. As a result of cluster analysis, cities were classified into five clusters overall. First, Cluster A showed a lower population level and urbanization level. Unlike other cities, Cluster A revealed that it has the largest percentage of agricultural areas. Cluster C showed very high levels in terms of population amount and urbanization conditions was named the 'Large-sized metropolitan cities-center of forest biotope area' based on it's characteristics. The findings of this study as summarized above are considered to play an important role in enabling detailed classification and preservation of biotope types fit for the characteristics of cities and minimizing the confusion caused by different biotope mapping methods when revising and complementing biotope maps.