• 복식문화연구
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• 제7권6호
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• pp.28-40
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• 1999

The purpose of this study was to understand the Korean teenagers\` clothing behavior through pointing out the factors that clothing behavior of teenagers that was initiated from the important reference group, TV stars. The subject of this study were 570 purposively selected students at female middle and high school students in Seoul. The results were as follows : 1. The clothing conformity to TV stars relating to demographic variables was influenced significantly by location and personal expense variable in the high school group. 2. The exhibition showed a more important role to the clothing conformity in middle school group than in high school group. 3. The clothing conformity to TV stars relating to the clothing related variables was significantly affected by self-confidence to clothing than clothing normative recognition, clothing risk recognition and degree of clothing importance regardless of groups. 4. The clothing conformity to TV stars relating to TV media variables was affected by TV media star identification variable in both groups. And in case of middle school group, interests in TV stars also had influence on the clothing conformity to TV stars. And in case of high school group, interests in TV had effect on the imitation to TV stars\` clothing. As middle school students tend to have self-identification about a particular person, TV media stars become the reference group for the adolescence to follow their clothing.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.15-24
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• 1987

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships among fasion leadership, Social character, clothing conformity and fashion information source. For this purpose, a causal model was to be constructed and empirically tested. Fashion leadership is divided into fashion opinion leadership and fashion innovativeness and is appropriated to the model. The following conclusions were derived from the data analysis. 1. Social character has direct effects on clothing conformity, but indirect effects on fashion information source. 2. Significant interaction between clothing conformity and fashion information source was found. 3. In a fashion opinion leadership model, social character, clothing conformity, and fashion information source have significant direct effects on fashion opinion leadership 4. In a fashion innovativeness model, social character and fashion information source have significant direct effects on fashion innovativeness, and clothing conformity indirect effects through the fashion information source. 5. The explanatory power ($R^2$) was higher for the fashion opinion leadership model than for the fashion innovativeness model.

• 무역상무연구
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• 제50권
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• pp.27-59
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• 2011

This article attempts to describe and analyze the rules on the service provider's duty to provide his service in conformity with the contract under the Draft Common Frame of Reference (here-in-after DCFR), which are applied to construction, storage, design and factual information contracts. It categorizes such rules in accordance with the requirements of conformity with the contract, the time when the service provided must be in conformity with the contract, and the exemptions of the service provider's duty. On the basis of such categorization, it examines the rules on the service provider's duty in each type of service contract under the DCFR. By doing so, it seeks to figure out how the members of EU compromised on the various issues of the service provider's duty under the DCFR which is regarded as the first uniformed legislation in the area of the service contract. This may provide some guidance to the legislators of domestic law for their amendment or interpretation of their laws. In addition to them, this article also seeks to point out problems in terms of their interpretations and gaps in their rules to cover various aspects of non-conformity and put forward some solutions for such problems and gaps.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.1-6
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• 2016

Severity and frequency of industrial accidents are typically used to assess the "absolute" risk associated with the industrial machines and devices ("items") which are subject to safety certification or self-declaration of conformity. However, the "relative" risk associated with a particular item can further be assessed based on unit severity and unit frequency where the total number of item in use is taken into account. This study first attempts to estimate the total number of each item in use which was recently selected for safety certification or self-declaration of conformity. The appropriateness of such selection is recapitulated based on the relative risk involved. Analysis results indicate that depending on items, the relative risk is differentiated from the absolute risk. Recent selection of items for safety certification or self-declaration of conformity is then revisited for its validity. The relative risk based on unit severity and unit frequency of industrial accidents, together with the absolute risk, may be used to further categorize items for safety certification or self-declaration of conformity in the future.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제19권6호
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• pp.1320-1333
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to investigate high school students' buying attitudes toward school uniform brands according to clothing conformity orientation. For this research, a survey was carried out to 418 boy and girl students in Seoul and Gyeonggi areas. The data analysis of this study was verified by descriptive analysis, factor analysis, reliability tests, cluster analysis, one-way ANOVA with Duncan-test, and ${\chi}^2$-test. The results are as follows. First, high school students preferred and had strong intentions to buy school uniforms of famous leading brands although they were not satisfied with famous brands. Especially, respondents tended to have favorable attitudes toward sophisticated and luxurious designs of famous school uniform brands. Second, respondents who had a conformity to parents tended to follow parents' opinions by purchasing famous brand uniforms. The conformity group of mass media preferred famous brands, and acquired the information about uniforms from various mass media such as television or magazines. A peer conformity group also preferred leading brands. Based on results of this study, curriculum of home education department should consist of contents for inducing rational consumption of uniforms by considering students' inclination of conformity. In terms of marketing perspectives, school uniforms firms need to reinforce strategies to improve products' quality and value for money.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.305-313
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• 1990

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between self-esteem and demo- graphic variables of adult males and females upon clothing behaviors. The questionnaire were admistered to 249 unmarried females, 202 married females, 228 unmarried males, 179 married males in Pusan. The data was analyzed statisitically using to Pearson's correlation, t-test, Multiple regres-sion. The major findings of this research can be summarized as following; 1. There was significant relationship between the self-esteen and Conformity, Modesty, Management of the clothing behavior subscales. There was significant relationship among the clothing behavior subscales except Interest-Modesty, Conformity-Aesthetics, Conformity- Fashion, Modesty- Psychological dependence and Modesty-Aesthetics. 2. There was significant difference in the self-esteem and all clothing behavior subscales except Conformity according to sex. 3. There was significant difference in Interest, Psychological dependence, Fashion, Conform- ity and Modesty according to marriage status. 4. Sex and school career have significant effect on the self-esteem. Sex have significant effect on Importance, Interest, Modesty, psychological dependence, Aesthetics, Management and Fashion. School career significant effect on Conformity and income effect on Fashion. 5. Sex and school career have significant effect on the self-esteem as intervening variables, the clothing behaviors as dependent variables. Sex, age, school career and income have significant direct effect on the clothing behavior subscales.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제46권10호
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• pp.71-81
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• 2008

This study aimed to identify the effects of adolescents' perceived risk on fashion brand conformity behavior. To analyze conformable fashion brand behavior with consideration to their reference group, 6 dimensions of perceived risk were adopted as explanatory variables. Reference group means people that a person refers to when evaluating his values & behaviors. Data were collected from 672 male and female students aged between 14 and 18. Factor analysis on perceived risk resulted in 6 dimensional structures: socio-psychological, time loss, functional, fashionability loss, performance and opportunity loss risk. Fashionability loss risk positively affected adolescent fashion brand conformity behavior according to their favorite celebrities. Performance risk positively affected in consideration to their parents, while opportunity loss risk had a negative effect on the same reference group. However, socio-psychological and fashionability loss risk positively affected adolescent fashion brand conformity behavior in consideration to their friends, while performance loss risk had negative effect on the same reference group. Adolescent groups divided by the 6 dimensions of perceived risk showed meaningful differences in their fashion brand conformable behavior in consideration to their reference groups.

• 한국항공운항학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.8-14
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• 2014

The purpose of this research was to develop evaluation conformity to operate courses based on CIPP evaluation model dedicated to approval of training organizations. In order to achieve the goal, the researchers scrutinized related documents and precedent studies, initiated the draft for evaluation conformity to operate courses and secured validity for evaluation conformity initiated through Delphi Method survey. To secure validity for evaluation conformity, the researchers conducted two Delphi Method surveys of an expert panel of 22 professionals from relevant fields including officials from the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport, researchers from Korea Transportation Safety Authority, instructors from approved training organizations and officials from industries. Through the surveys, the researchers determined 4 evaluation areas, 13 evaluation items and 52 evaluation indexes as the evaluation conformity to operate courses for aircraft maintenance mechanics. On top of that, the researchers established evaluation system in the courses for aviation professionals (aircraft maintenance mechanics), and suggested a follow-up studies regarding managing the quality of education.

• International Journal of Contents
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.80-87
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• 2017

Since the advent of the Internet, and the development of smart devices, people have begun to spend more time in online platforms; this phenomenon has created a large number of online Words of Mouth (WOM) daily. Under these changes, one of the important aspects to consider is the conformity effect in online WOM; that is, whether an individual's own opinion would be influenced by the majority opinion of other people. This study, therefore, investigates whether there is the conformity effect in online product ratings for Amazon.com using the method called Markov Chain analysis. Markov Chain analysis considers the stochastic process that satisfies the Markov property, and we assume that the generation of online product ratings follows the process. Under the assumption that people are usually independent when they express their opinion in online platforms, we analyze the interdependency among rating sequences, and we find weak evidence that there exists the conformity effect in online product rating. This suggests that people who leave online product ratings consider others' opinions.

• 한국의상디자인학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.93-104
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• 2021

The worldwide coronavirus pandemic has brought to light the importance of having a reliable supply of masks for each person. This study aims to understand the effect of personal awareness (including community, others', and safety awareness) on consumption conformity and the repurchase intention of masks. The research method used the SPSS 22.0 and AMOS 22.0 statistical systems to analyze descriptive statistics in terms of reliability, validity, structural equation modeling, and moderated regression analysis. A total of 272 Chinese participants were recruited via an online survey website (www.sojump.com) from May 1 to May 14, 2020. Findings indicated that mask users' awareness can be categorized into three distinct types: community, others', and safety awareness. The more community and safety awareness is perceived, the higher the level of consumption conformity. In contrast, others' has no statistical effect on consumption conformity or repurchase intention. The positive influence of consumption conformity on the repurchase intention of masks is also weaker than price perception. However, another moderating variable, mask quality, has no moderating effect. The results of this study can help mask manufacturers and distributors retain their customers, resulting in reasonable protective measures while maintaining market order. Theoretical and managerial implications for mask suppliers are also provided.