• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.48 no.4
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• pp.37.1-37.17
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• 2023

This study aimed to compare the disinfectant ability of chlorhexidine (CHX) gel and sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl). Systematic searches were conducted from inception until December 8th, 2022 (MEDLINE/PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Scopus, Embase, and Grey Literature databases). Only randomized clinical trials were included. The revised Cochrane risk of bias tools for randomized trials were used to assess the quality of studies. Meta-analyses were performed. The overall quality of evidence was assessed through the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation tool. Six studies were included. Five had a low risk of bias and 1 had some concerns. Three studies assessed bacterial reduction. Two were included in the meta-analysis for bacterial reduction (mean difference, 75.03 [confidence interval, CI, -271.15, 421.22], p = 0.67; I² = 74%); and 3 in the meta-analysis for cultivable bacteria after chemomechanical preparation (odds ratio, 1.03 [CI, 0.20, 5.31], P = 0.98; I² = 49%). Five studies assessed endotoxin reduction. Three were included in a meta-analysis (mean difference, 20.59 [CI, -36.41, 77.59], p = 0.48; I² = 74%). There seems to be no difference in the disinfectant ability of CHX gel and NaOCl, but further research is necessary.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.63 no.4
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• pp.37.1-37.7
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• 2023

Canine respiratory coronavirus (CRCoV) is a significant pathogen that causes respiratory diseases in dogs, collectively known as a canine infectious respiratory disease. The virus is highly contagious and exhibits high seroprevalence worldwide. Currently, bovine coronavirus (BCoV) enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits are used to detect CRCoV antibodies. However, BCoV-ELISA kits cannot differentiate between infections caused by BCoV and those caused by CRCoV. In this study, we evaluated the hemagglutination inhibition (HI) test for CRCoV by comparing it with the virus neutralization (VN) test. Subsequently, we evaluated the seroprevalence of CRCoV in 383 dog serum samples collected from South Korea utilizing the HI test. The HI test for CRCoV showed a strong correlation with the VN test (R = 0.83, p < 0.001). The analysis of seroprevalence revealed that 52.2% (95% confidence interval [CI], 47.2%-57.1%) of the Korean dog serum samples were positive. The seroprevalence exhibited varied with age, with a positivity rate of 43.9% in dogs under 1 year of age and 66.7% in dogs aged 3 to 5 years (odds ratio, 2.54; 95% CI, 1.43-4.59). In conclusion, the HI test to monitor CRCoV antibody proved to be closely related to the VN test. Furthermore, over half of the dogs in Korea tested positive for CRCoV antibodies. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the sero-epidemiology of CRCoV.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.121-134
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• 2023

With the development of information and communication technology, interest in new educational approaches that can enhance the learning performance of learners with improved information literacy skills is increasing, and universities are actively promoting educational innovation to foster the talents required by society. In the field of fashion studies education, which is closely related to the fashion industry, there is a strong need to develop field-linked educational programs that reflect the trends in the industry and changes in the educational system. The purpose of this study was to introduce industry-coupled problem-based learning (IC-PBL) to the course "Understanding Fashion Consumption Trends" for non-fashion majors to reflect the current needs and strengthen the educational effectiveness of the learners through a survey. A seven-step curriculum (introduction to the class, practitioner's problem, learner's problem analysis, organizing concepts related to variables, information collection and scenario writing, presentation and scenario proposal, and evaluation) not only enhanced learners' understanding of fashion consumption trends and the fashion industry but also greatly amplified learners' satisfaction with the class. The results of the survey showed that the seven-step curriculum was effective in increasing learners' self-directed learning ability, problem-solving ability, and confidence in learning. Self-directed learning ability was stronger than other factors, consistent with the core principle of problem-based learning to empower learners to take the initiative and promote self-directed learning. Each factor analyzed was positively correlated.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.23 no.10
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• pp.37-43
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• 2023

The hospital situation, timing, and patient restrictions have become obstacles to an optimum therapy session. The crowdedness of the hospital might lead to a tight schedule and a shorter period of therapy. This condition might strike a post-stroke patient in a dilemma where they need regular treatment to recover their nervous system. In this work, we propose an in-house and uncomplex serious game system that can be used for physical therapy. The Kinect camera is used to capture the depth image stream of a human skeleton. Afterwards, the user might use their hand gesture to control the game. Voice recognition is deployed to ease them with play. Users must complete the given challenge to obtain a more significant outcome from this therapy system. Subjects will use their upper limb and hands to capture the 3D objects with different speeds and positions. The more substantial challenge, speed, and location will be increased and random. Each delegated entity will raise the scores. Afterwards, the scores will be further evaluated to correlate with therapy progress. Users are delighted with the system and eager to use it as their daily exercise. The experimental studies show a comparison between score and difficulty that represent characteristics of user and game. Users tend to quickly adapt to easy and medium levels, while high level requires better focus and proper synchronization between hand and eye to capture the 3D objects. The statistical analysis with a confidence rate(α:0.05) of the usability test shows that the proposed gaming is accessible, even without specialized training. It is not only for therapy but also for fitness because it can be used for body exercise. The result of the experiment is very satisfying. Most users enjoy and familiarize themselves quickly. The evaluation study demonstrates user satisfaction and perception during testing. Future work of the proposed serious game might involve haptic devices to stimulate their physical sensation.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.721-728
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• 2023

This study was conducted with the aim of exploring the essence of the achievements experienced by nursing students while enhancing their problem-solving abilities through simulation practical training. The study participants included 13 fourth-year nursing students, and data were collected through individual interviews conducted after the simulation practical training. Data analysis followed the qualitative research method of content analysis, involving coding, categorization, and thematization of the data. The results of this study revealed that nursing students' achievement experiences through simulation practical training included the following processes: "confirming confidence through improvement," "acknowledging change," "experiencing nursing self-efficacy," and "getting closer to the goal of clinical practice." Furthermore, it is suggested that efforts should be made to implement efficient operation and evaluation tools through multifaceted and meticulous design to promote integrated learning through simulation practical training and to confirm the process of internalizing knowledge through reflection by nursing students.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.54 no.1
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• pp.44-52
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• 2024

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the clinical outcomes of a single type of narrow-diameter implant (NDI) by investigating its survival rate and peri-implant marginal bone loss (MBL). In addition, variables possibly related to implant survival and MBL were investigated to identify potential risk factors. Methods: The study was conducted as a retrospective study involving 49 patients who had received 3.0-mm diameter TSIII implants (Osstem Implant Co.) at Seoul National University Dental Hospital. In total, 64 implants were included, and dental records and radiographic data were collected from 2017 to 2022. Kaplan-Meier survival curves and a Cox proportional hazard model were used to estimate the implant survival rate and to investigate the effects of age, sex, jaw, implant location, implant length, the stage of surgery, guided bone regeneration, type of implant placement, and the surgeon's proficiency (resident or professor) on implant survival. The MBL of the NDIs was measured, and the factors influencing MBL were evaluated. Results: The mean observation period was 30.5 months (interquartile range, 26.75-45 months), and 6 out of 64 implants failed. The survival rate of the NDIs was 90.6%, and the multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that age was associated with implant failure (hazard ratio, 1.17; 95% confidence interval, 1.04-1.31, P=0.01). The mean MBL was 0.44±0.75 mm, and no factors showed statistically significant associations with greater MBL. Conclusions: NDIs can be considered a primary alternative when standard-diameter implants are unsuitable. However, further studies are required to confirm their long-term stability.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.301-307
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• 2024

This study introduces a novel cascade fusion architecture aimed at enhancing thermal images across various scale conditions. The processing of thermal images at multiple scales has been challenging due to the limitations of existing methods that are designed for specific scales. To overcome these limitations, this paper proposes a unified framework that utilizes cascade feature fusion to effectively learn multi-scale representations. Confidence maps from different image scales are fused in a cascaded manner, enabling scale-invariant learning. The architecture comprises end-to-end trained convolutional neural networks to enhance image quality by reinforcing mutual scale dependencies. Experimental results indicate that the proposed technique outperforms existing methods in multi-scale thermal image enhancement. Performance evaluation results are provided, demonstrating consistent improvements in image quality metrics. The cascade fusion design facilitates robust generalization across scales and efficient learning of cross-scale representations.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.59-65
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• 2024

Background: Different job strain formulations based on the Job Demand-Control model have been developed. This study evaluated longitudinal associations between job strain and psychological distress and whether associations were influenced by six formulations of job strain, including quadrant (original and simplified), subtraction, quotient, logarithm quotient, and quartile based on quotient, in randomly selected Japanese workers. Methods: Data were from waves I and II of the Survey of Midlife in Japan (MIDJA), with a 4-year followup period. The study sample consisted of 412 participants working at baseline and had complete data on variables of interest. Associations between job strain at baseline and psychological distress at follow-up were assessed via multivariable linear regression, and results were expressed as β coefficients and 95% confidence intervals including R² and Akaike information criterion (AIC) evaluation. Results: Crude models revealed that job strain formulations explained 6.93-10.30% of variance. The AIC ranged from 1475.87 to 1489.12. After accounting for sociodemographic and behavioral factors and psychological distress at baseline, fully-adjusted models indicated significant associations between all job strain formulations at baseline and psychological distress at follow-up: original quadrant (β: 1.16, 95% CI: 0.12, 2.21), simplified quadrant (β: 1.01, 95% CI: 0.18, 1.85), subtraction (β: 0.39, 95% CI: 0.09, 0.70), quotient (β: 0.37, 95% CI: 0.08, 0.67), logarithm quotient (β: 0.42, 95% CI: 0.12, 0.72), and quartile based on quotient (β: 1.22, 95% CI: 0.36, 2.08). Conclusion: Six job strain formulations showed robust predictive power regarding psychological distress over 4 years among Japanese workers.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• v.22 no.8
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• pp.1279-1288
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• 2021

Objective: To assess the diagnostic performance of the Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System (LI-RADS) version 2018 treatment response algorithm (TRA) for the evaluation of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) treated with transarterial radioembolization. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study included patients who underwent transarterial radioembolization for HCC followed by hepatic surgery between January 2011 and December 2019. The resected lesions were determined to have either complete (100%) or incomplete (< 100%) necrosis based on histopathology. Three radiologists independently reviewed the CT or MR images of pre- and post-treatment lesions and assigned categories based on the LI-RADS version 2018 and the TRA, respectively. Diagnostic performances of LI-RADS treatment response (LR-TR) viable and nonviable categories were assessed for each reader, using histopathology from hepatic surgeries as a reference standard. Inter-reader agreements were evaluated using Fleiss κ. Results: A total of 27 patients (mean age ± standard deviation, 55.9 ± 9.1 years; 24 male) with 34 lesions (15 with complete necrosis and 19 with incomplete necrosis on histopathology) were included. To predict complete necrosis, the LR-TR nonviable category had a sensitivity of 73.3-80.0% and a specificity of 78.9-89.5%. For predicting incomplete necrosis, the LR-TR viable category had a sensitivity of 73.7-79.0% and a specificity of 93.3-100%. Five (14.7%) of 34 treated lesions were categorized as LR-TR equivocal by consensus, with two of the five lesions demonstrating incomplete necrosis. Interreader agreement for the LR-TR category was 0.81 (95% confidence interval: 0.66-0.96). Conclusion: The LI-RADS version 2018 TRA can be used to predict the histopathologic viability of HCCs treated with transarterial radioembolization.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.368-374
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to evaluate community dental hygiene practice education, by verifying its effect after applying project-based learning in improving the practical and social skills of learners. A 15-week project-based community dental hygiene practice course was held for 27 senior students, who took community dental hygiene practice course in the Department of Dental Hygiene, Gangneung-Wonju National University. Twenty-seven students were composed of 4 teams. Each team selected a target group for four workplaces for adult workers to apply the oral health promotion project. The project was then planned and conducted based on a survey on the health problems confronting each group, and an evaluation was carried out after 4 weeks. From the results obtained in comparing confidence in problem solving ability, project value, teamwork competency, and community dental hygienist competence before and after course, the improvement in project value and teamwork competence scores was not statistically significant, but all four areas showed positive results. After analyzing the project actuality, learning outcomes, and project satisfaction after course results, the actuality of the project was 19.30 points, the learning achievement was 45.19 points, and the satisfaction was 19.19 points, demonstrating that the aim of achieving actual performance competence and a learning performance exceeding expectations was accomplished. After conducting an interview survey with 8 students, it was found that they had learned social skills involving problem-solving abilities and confidence, and teamwork competence such as cooperation, role responsibility, creative thinking ability, and communication skills. Community dental hygienists should be able to acquire learner-level practical skills and social skills in the community dental hygiene and practical courses, according to their competencies and job needs. It is necessary to develop a project?based systematic learning module to enable the community dental hygiene practice to operate as a subject closely related to fields in other dental hygiene departments.