• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.65 no.5
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• pp.862-867
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• 2016

In this study, the embroidery textile conductive wire of conductive yarn was designed into the wearable integrated clothing for sensing the infant's body temperature. To develop a high quality of the stable fiber-based textile conductive wire, firstly the five types of conductive yarns were twisted or covering polyester yarns and the coated conductive fiber with silver(Ag) or iron(Fe). As a result of comparative conductivity in conductive yarns of yarn processing, the 250 denier of conductive yarns with $0.74{\Omega}$/1~5cm were proposed and used for the integrated embroidery textile conductive wire for sensing. During experiments using the proposed embroidery textile conductive wire, measured resistance of thermistor according to the body temperature was correctly delivered to amplifier module, and showed feasible reliability of temperature sensing. As a wearable application, conductive yarns which takes forms of embroidery textile conductive wire would seems to be reliable as a conductive wire and could be replaced by the conductive metal wires.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.287-291
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• 2013

Nowadays, terms such as 'Smart Textile', 'Intelligent Textile' and 'Wearable Computing' are commonly used in everyday contexts. And radio-frequency identification (RFID) is the use of a wireless non-contact system that uses radio-frequency electromagnetic fields to transfer data from a tag attached to an object, for the purposes of automatic identification and tracking. These products are required technologies which are textile treatments, printing, ink, etc. Durability of textile substrates is an essential marker for conductive ink printing process. Especially, heat stability is important, since conductive ink should be processable (annealing, curing) at temperatures below $150^{\circ}C$. This study was application of RFID on textiles. The textile pre-treatment processes should be carried out to use RFID antenna on textiles.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.616-620
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• 2018

Recently, many researches have been conducted to improve the performance and wearability of smart wearables. In this study, we designed and fabricated the signal and power transmission textile cables for smart wearables which have excellent wearability, durability and reliability. For the signal transmission textile cables, conductive yarns for the signal line and the ground line were developed. Three types of signal transmission textile cables have been developed using the conductive yarns. Linear density, tensile properties, electrical resistance and RF characteristics were tested to characterize the physical and electrical properties of three signal transmission textile cables. The conductive yarns have the very low resistance of $0.05{\Omega}/cm$ and showed excellent uniformity of electric resistance. Therefore, the electrical resistance of the signal transmission fiber cable can be reduced by increasing the number of conductive yarns used in signal and ground lines. However, the radio frequency (RF) characteristics of the signal transmission textile cables were better as the number of strands of the conductive yarns used was smaller. This is because the smaller the number of strands of conductive yarn used in signal transmission textile cables, the narrower and more parallel the distance between the signal line and the ground line. It is expected that the signal and power transmission textile cable for signal and power transmission will be utilized in smart wearable products.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.651-660
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• 2023

This study aimed to research the local production of conductive composite yarn, a source material used in textile-type electrodes and circuits. The physical properties of an internationally available conductive composite yarn were analyzed. To manufacture the conductive composite yarn, we selected one type of conductive yarn with Ag-coated polyamide of 150d 1 ply, along with two types of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) with circular and triangular cross-sections, both with 150d 1 ply. The conductive composite yarn samples were manufactured at 250, 500, 750, and 1000 turns per meter (TPM). For both conductive composite yarn samples manufactured from two types of PET filaments, the twist contraction rate of the sample with a triangular cross-section was stable. Among the samples, the tensile strength of the sample manufactured at 750 TPM was the highest at approximately 4.1gf/d; the overall linear resistance was approximately 5.0 Ω/cm, which is within the target range. It was confirmed that the triangular cross-section sample manufactured with 750 TPM had a similar linear resistance value to the advanced product despite the increase in the number of twists. In future studies, we plan tomanufacture samples by varying the twist conditions to derive the optimal conductive yarn suitable for smartwear and smart textile manufacturing conditions.

• Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.186-191
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• 2018

Smart textile industries have been precipitously developed and extended to electronic textiles and wearable devices in recent years. In particular, owing to an increasingly aging society, the elderly healthcare field has been highlighted in the smart device industries, and pressure sensors can be utilized in various elderly healthcare products such as flooring, mattress, and vital-sign measuring devices. Furthermore, elderly healthcare products need to be more lightweight and flexible. To fulfill those needs, textile-based pressure sensors is considered to be an attractive solution. In this research, to apply a textile to the second layer using a pressure sensing device, a novel type of conductive textile was fabricated using vapor phase polymerization of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT). Vapor phase polymerization is suitable for preparing the conductive textile because the reaction can be controlled simply under various conditions and does not need high-temperature processing. The morphology of the obtained PEDOT-conductive textile was observed through the Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM). Moreover, the resistance was measured using an ohmmeter and was confirmed to be adjustable to various resistance ranges depending on the concentration of the oxidant solution and polymerization conditions. A 3-layer 81-point multi-pressure sensor was fabricated using the PEDOT-conductive textile prepared herein. A 3D-viewer program was developed to evaluate the sensitivity and multi-pressure recognition of the textile-based multi-pressure sensor. Finally, we confirmed the possibility that PEDOT-conductive textiles could be utilized by pressure sensors.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.145-152
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• 2014

The usage of textile-based sensors has increased due to their many advantages (compared to IT sensors) when applied to body assessment and comfort. Textile-based sensors have different detecting factors such as pressure, voltage, current and capacitance to investigate the characteristics. In this study, textile-based sensor fabrics with sheath-core type conductive yarns were produced and the relationship between capacitance changes and applied load was investigated. The physical and electric properties of textile-based sensor fabrics were also investigated under various laminating conditions. A textile based pressure sensor that uses a sheath-core conductive yarn to ensure the stability of the pressure sensor in the textile-based sensor (the physical structure of the reaction characteristic of the capacitance) is important for the stability of the initial value of the initial capacitance value outside the characteristic of the textile structural environment. In addition, a textile based sensor is displaced relative to the initial value of the capacitance change according to pressure changes in the capacitance value of the sensor due to the fineness of the high risk of noise generation. Changing the physical structure of the fabric through the sensor characteristic of the pressure sensor via the noise generating element of laminating (temperature, humidity, and static electricity) to cut off the voltage output element to improve the data reliability could be secured.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.12 no.11
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• pp.387-393
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• 2014

In this research, we aimed to investigate the most optimum pulse wave sensor to ear label of live stocks among pulse wave piezo film sensor, conductive textile sensor, photo sensor. As a result of this research with application to 10 cattle, 10 pigs objects with pulse wave piezo film sensor, conductive textile sensor, photo sensor, photo sensor shows less standard deviation to average value than piezo film sensor or conductive textile sensor which means it is the most stable for the cattle. With pigs, piezo film sensor, conductive textile sensor and photo sensor all show stable pulse rate. Thus, to take pulse rate of livestock with curved body and long and dense coat such as cow, photo sensor will be considered as the most efficient mean.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.43-50
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• 2011

Electrically conductive yarn coated with silver particles are widely used to make smart wear but recent studies on smart fabrics are focused on measuring method of electrical characteristics and improving technologies of its electric properties. Also durability of conductive yarn with environmental change was also important work to make smart fabric. We compared resistance changes of silver coated conductive yarns under various physical and chemical conditions such as repeated strain, heat exposure and pH for basic informations on smart wear manufacturing process. And we deduct that repeated strain among the physical conditions was most effective factors on yarn resistance change and the low resistance change was observed with increasing the number of filaments in identical yarn fineness.

• Composites Research
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• v.34 no.5
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• pp.290-295
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• 2021

The application of lightweight structural composites to automobiles as a solution in line with global fuel economy regulations to curb global warming is recognized as a megatrend. This study was conducted to provide a technical approach that can respond to the issue of replacing parts that require conductive properties to maximize the application of thermoplastic carbon fiber reinforced plastics (CFRPs), which are advantageous in terms of repair, disposal and recycling. By utilizing the properties of the low-viscosity polymerizable oligomer matrix, it was possible to prepare a thermoplastic CFRP exhibiting excellent impregnation properties while uniformly mixing the conductive filler. Various carbon-based conductive fillers such as carbon black, carbon nanotubes, graphene nanoplatelets, graphite, and pitch-based carbon fibers were filled up to the maximum content, and electrical and thermal conductive properties of the fabricated composites were compared and studied. It was confirmed that the maximum incorporation of filler was the most important factor to control the conductive properties of the composites rather than the type or shape of the conductive carbon filler. Experimental results were observed in which it might be advantageous to apply a one-dimensional conductive carbon filler to improve electrical conductivity, whereas it might be advantageous to apply a two-dimensional conductive carbon filler to improve thermal conductivity. The results of this study can provide potential insight into the optimization of structural design for controlling the conductive properties of thermoplastic CFRPs.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.81-90
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• 2021

EMSCT (Electrical Muscle Stimulation Conductive Textile) is an electrical muscle stimulation pad that can compensate for ease of use and comfort, which are disadvantages of conventional hydrogel pads used in electrical muscle stimulation (EMS). With the concentration with SWCNT (Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube) and the number of impregnation processes, EMSCT was tested by giving conductivity to five fabrics (radirons, neoprene, spandex cushions, poly100%, and vergamo). The padding process with SWCNT was performed, and the alternating current measurement indicated that the most similar alternating current with hydrogel was the Vergamo fabric of SWCNT:=2:1. Furthermore, the usability evaluation of convenience, usability, and psychological satisfaction results in increased usability of EMSCT compared with conventional hydrogel pads.