• Title/Summary/Keyword: Condition diagnosis

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Development of Evaluation Factors for Breakwater Rehabilitation (방파제 성능개선을 위한 평가항목 개발)

  • Park, Su-Yeul;Yun, Won-Gun;Kang, Go-Une;Kim, Seok
    • Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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    • v.22 no.4
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    • pp.67-74
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    • 2021
  • Domestically, technical condition evaluation for breakwaters has been conducted through safety checks and safety diagnosis. If necessary, maintenance for the facility is conducted. However, in recent years, the need for infrastructure management has been increasing from a life-cycle-cost perspective. For these reasons, the "Sustainable Infrastructure Management Basic Act" was enacted. Previously, only the technical part of the breakwaters was evaluated. However, based on the act, comprehensive management of breakwaters will be possible through performance improvement by adding economic and political evaluations. In this study, evaluation factors and evaluation methods were developed for a breakwater rehabilitation project. The purpose of this study is to present a development direction, items, and methods for the evaluation of breakwater performance improvement to be applied in future practice. This study reviews the concept of maintenance and performance improvement, the literature related to performance improvement, and the project type for the common standard of performance improvement. Evaluation items and evaluation methods for breakwater rehabilitation are suggested to be reviewed by experts. The methodology suggested in this study could be used for preventive maintenance and to reduce accidents.

A Review of the Deterioration and Damage of the Top Flange of the Highway PSC Box Girder Bridge based on the Condition Assessment Results (상태평가 결과 기반 고속도로 PSC Box 거더교 상부플랜지 열화·손상 실태 고찰)

  • Ku, Young-Ho;Han, Sang-Mook
    • Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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    • v.26 no.6
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    • pp.23-32
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    • 2022
  • Although PSCB girder bridges account for 4% of the bridges in use on highways, they do not account for much, but 98% of PSCB girder bridges are 1st type and 2nd type of bridge. Also, the total length of the PSCB girder bridge is 16% (192km) of the total length of the highway bridge. Thus, the PSCB girder bridge can be one of the bridge types where maintenance is important. In order to analyze the damage types of PSCB girder bridges, a detailed analysis was conducted by selecting 62 places (477 spans) precision safety diagnosis reports considering ratio of the construction method and snow removal environment exposure class. Analysis of report and a field investigation was conducted, and as a result, most of the causes of deterioration damage were caused by rainwater (salt water) flowing into the bridge pavement soaking in between the top flange and the interface. After concrete slab deteriorate occurred then bridge pavement cracking and breaking increased and exfoliation of concrete occurred by corrosion and expansion of the reinforcing bars occurred. In addition, the cause of cracks in the longitudinal direction on the bottom of the top flange is considered to be cracks caused by restrained drying shrinkage. In conclusion, for reasonable maintenance considering the characteristics of PSCB girder bridges, it should be suggested in the design aspect that restrained drying shrinkage crack on top flange. Also, it is believed that differentiated maintenance method should be proposed according to snow removal environment exposure class.

Study on Characteristics of Acute Stroke Patient with Gwakhyangjeonggisan (곽향정기산을 복용한 급성기 중풍환자의 제반특성연구)

  • Woo, Su-kyung;Leem, Jung-Tae;Park, Su-kyung;Kwak, Seung-hyuk;Jung, Woo-sang;Moon, Sang-kwan;Cho, Ki-ho;Park, Sung-wook;Ko, Chang-nam
    • The Journal of the Society of Stroke on Korean Medicine
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    • v.11 no.1
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    • pp.26-35
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    • 2010
  • Objective : The aim of this study was to examine the characteristics of the acute stroke patient who take Gwakhyangjeonggisan, and provide the basis of Gwakhyangjeonggisan prescription Method : We studied hospitalized patients within 4 weeks after their ictus who were admitted at Kyunghee University Oriental Medical Center, Kyunghee University East-West Neo Medical Center, Kyungwon University Oriental Medical Center, Semyung University Oriental Medical Center from February 2010 to July 2010 We compared the general characteristics of acute stroke patient according to herb medicine Result : The patient who take Gwakhyangjeonggisan show significant difference for sex, family history of Stroke, Face color, Tongue color, Pulse condition, HDL Cholesterol, Fastfood eating, Waist circumference. Conclusion : The above result show that Gwakhyangjeonggisan can be prescribed to stroke patient whose complaining gastrointestinal symptoms, & Oriental Medical Diagnosis is Cold & Deficiency type. Further studies will be needed to better understand the difference between Gwakhyangjeonggisan group and Other herb medicine among acute stroke patients.

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Various MRI Findings of Toxocara canis Myelitis (개회충 척수염의 다양한 자기공명영상 소견)

  • Sun Young Park;Kyung Seok Park;Eugene Lee;Joon Woo Lee;Yun Jung Bae;Yusuhn Kang;Joong Mo Ahn;Heung Sik Kang
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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    • v.81 no.1
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    • pp.135-146
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    • 2020
  • Purpose To describe magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings in 10 cases of Toxocara canis myelitis and to analyze these findings to aid in the diagnosis of this condition. Materials and Methods From June 2015 to March 2018, we retrospectively analyzed the electronic medical records and MR images of patients who were diagnosed with Toxocara canis myelitis. The analysis of the MR images was based on a discussion between an experienced spinal radiologist and a radiology resident. Results This study classified MRI findings into the following two types. Type 1 was defined as central and diffuse T2 high signal intensity on the axial plane, which was observed in 50% of all cases. All lesions showed avid enhancement, mostly in the posterolateral or posterior region (4 cases, 80%). Type 2 was defined as wedge-shaped or focal T2 high signal intensity in the posterolateral or posterior region and corresponded to the remaining 50% of the cases. In this case, the extent of the lesion was relatively small and contrast enhancement was observed in only one case. Conclusion This study revealed that various imaging findings could be observed in cases of Toxocara canis myelitis, and the findings were classified into two types.

Immunoglobulin G4-Related Lung Disease Mimicking Lung Cancer: Two Case Reports (폐암으로 오인된 면역글로불린 G4 연관 폐 질환: 2예에 대한 증례 보고)

  • Dae Yun Park;Su Young Kim;Suk Hyun Bae;Ji Young Lee
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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    • v.83 no.5
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    • pp.1168-1174
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    • 2022
  • Immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4)-related disease is a rare systemic fibroinflammatory condition characterized by elevated serum IgG4 levels and infiltration of IgG4-positive plasma cells in various organs. IgG4-related lung disease shows varied radiologic features on chest CT. Patients usually present with a solid nodule or mass mimicking lung cancer; therefore, distinguishing between IgG4-related disease and other conditions is often challenging. Additionally, co-existing radiologic findings of IgG4-related lung disease may mimic metastasis or lymphangitic carcinomatosis of the lung. We report two cases of histopathologically confirmed IgG4-related lung disease mimicking lung cancer. Chest CT revealed a solid nodule or mass with ancillary radiologic findings, which suggested lung cancer; therefore, IgG4-related lung disease was radiologically indistinguishable from lung cancer in both cases. Measurement of serum IgG4 levels and clinical evaluation to confirm involvement of various organs may be useful to establish the differential diagnosis. However, surgical biopsy evaluation is needed for confirmation.

Research on Bridge Maintenance Methods Using BIM Model and Augmented Reality (BIM 모델과 증강현실을 활용한 교량 유지관리방안 연구)

  • Choi, Woonggyu;Pa Pa Win Aung;Sanyukta Arvikar;Cha, Gichun;Park, Seunghee
    • KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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    • v.44 no.1
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    • pp.1-9
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    • 2024
  • Bridges, which are construction structures, have increased from 584 to 38,405 since the 1970s. However, as the number of bridges increases, the number of bridges with a service life of more than 30 years increases to 21,737 (71%) by 2030, resulting in fatal accidents due to basic human resource maintenance of facilities. Accordingly, the importance of bridge safety inspection and maintenance measures is increasing, and the need for decision-making support for supervisors who manage multiple bridges is also required. Currently, the safety inspection and maintenance method of bridges is to write down damage, condition, location, and specifications on the exterior survey map by hand or to record them by taking pictures with a camera. However, errors in notation of damage or defects or mistakes by supervisors are possible, typos, etc. may reduce the reliability of the overall safety inspection and diagnosis. To improve this, this study visualizes damage data recorded in the BIM model in an AR environment and proposes a maintenance plan for bridges with a small number of people through maintenance decision-making support for supervisors.

Intervention for Chest Trauma and Large Vessel Injury (흉부 및 대혈관 외상의 인터벤션)

  • Hojun Lee;Hoon Kwon;Chang Won Kim;Lee Hwangbo
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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    • v.84 no.4
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    • pp.809-823
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    • 2023
  • Trauma is an injury to the body that involves multiple anatomical and pathophysiological changes caused by forces acting from outside the body. The number of patients with trauma is increasing as our society becomes more sophisticated. The importance and demand of traumatology are growing due to the development and spread of treatment and diagnostic technologies. In particular, damage to the large blood vessels of the chest can be life-threatening, and the sequelae are often severe; therefore, diagnostic and therapeutic methods are becoming increasingly important. Trauma to nonaortic vessels of the thorax and aorta results in varying degrees of physical damage depending on the mechanism of the accident and anatomical damage involved. The main damage is hemorrhage from non-aortic vessels of the thorax and aorta, accompanied by hemodynamic instability and coagulation disorders, which can be life-threatening. Immediate diagnosis and rapid therapeutic access can often improve the prognosis. The treatment of trauma can be surgical or interventional, depending on the patient's condition. Among them, interventional procedures are increasingly gaining popularity owing to their convenience, rapidity, and high therapeutic effectiveness, with increasing use in more trauma centers worldwide. Typical interventional procedures for patients with thoracic trauma include embolization for non-aortic injuries and thoracic endovascular aortic repair for aortic injuries. These procedures have many advantages over surgical treatments, such as fewer internal or surgical side effects, and can be performed more quickly than surgical procedures, contributing to improved outcomes for patients with trauma.

A Study on the Prevalence Rate of Hypertension and the Actual Conditions of Control (일 지역 성인의 고혈압 유병률 및 관리 실태)

  • Kim, Hyeon-Ok
    • Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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    • v.10 no.1
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    • pp.154-172
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    • 1999
  • In order to analyse the prevalence rate of hypertension and the actual conditions of control, we selected five districts out of eleven eups and myuns in Chinan Country. We administered structured questionaries to 309 adults above the age of 40, computerized the data using SPSS - PC+. More than 40.1% of adults over 40 in Chinan County have health disorders ranging from high blood pressure to hypertension including alert high blood pressure at 36.2%, relatively high. Among general characteristics, differences in the rate of hypertension were influenced by age, occupation and places of residence. Over 71 who are engaged in agriculture, who don't have jobs, who reside in Sungsu, Jungchun, Chinan-eup all have higher hypertension rates than other groups. Accordingly, the control of hypertension should be focused on these people. As a result of the control of blood pressure, the survey showed 93.0% of the subjects were checked mainly at hospitals clinics, health centers subhealth centers and community health posts more than once a year, relatively high level of blood pressure management. However, the difference between their blood pressure measurements at ordinary times and the level of blood pressure at the time of research was quite considerable. Only 47.3% of the subjects diagnosed with high blood pressure and 70.3% of the subjects with normal blood pressure recognized their blood pressure accurately 52.7% of the subjects diagnosed with high blood pressure showed errors in understanding their blood pressure at normal times. Because these errors can cause problems in the control of blood pressure, proper management should be executed through a systematic examination. As a result of the high blood pressure control condition, the average period of hypertension was 74.5( ${\pm}92.8$) months, 92.3% of the subjects were diagnosed with high blood pressure at hospitals clinics, health centers subhealth centers community health posts, but only 29.5% were examined after a general check up on high blood pressure was completed. 70.5% were diagnosed with high blood pressure only after measuring their blood pressure. 14.1% of the subjects were hospitalized because of falls influenced by high blood pressure. 33.3% attended hospitals and health centers regularily for medical treatment and this shows how low the rate of the control of blood pressure. Most people did not undergo medical treatment, because they had no painful symptoms (46.7%), they didn't need to take the medicine(28.9%), or they forget to take the medicine(20.0%). These problems in the control of hypertension were discovered in the process of diagnosing high blood pressure at health medical institutions. Many people did not recognize the need for consistent control of blood pressure. That is, although the diagnosis for high blood pressures performed at hospitals clinics, health centers subhealth centers and community health posts, was 92.3%, more than 70.5% of the subjects were not examined completely with regard to blood pressure. Accordingly, heath medical institutions must diagnose high blood pressure not only by only measuring blood pressure but also by using systematic process of examination. As for the people diagnosed with high blood pressure, one should perform consistent medical approaches and help them to recognize the importance of the continuous control of blood pressure through subject-oriented education. Problems the subjects experienced were the following numbness in the limbs easily paralyzed stitches in their shoulders which felt painful, stiff necks, occiputs felt heavy, headaches when they got up in the morning, felt dizzy when standing and moving their heads and poor eyesight. The rate of knowledge related to high blood pressure was 78.7 points, comparatively low. Whether they had normal blood pressure or hypertension made no difference. These results are not desirable. Adult-oriented education forgot the prevention and management of high blood pressure should be implemented. Hypertensive-oriented education should be especially reinforced. Because there was a difference in the level of knowledge according to age, academic career, occupation or place of residence, education related to hypertension should be intensified and focused on those over the age of 71 those who did not attend school, those who do not have jobs and are engaged in agriculture and residents living in Bugui, Jungchun regions. The degree of healthy life practice in hypertensives is poor, particularly weight control, as opposed to people who have normal blood pressure. It makes no difference in smoking, the amount of daily smoking, drinking, the control of salt because each result means that they are not practicing healthy life or modifying their life-style. The development and programs to improve a healthy life should be executed.

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Study on "Four Tantras", the Prime Textbook of Tibetan Medicine (티벳의학에 대한 연구 - "사부의전(四部醫典).근본의전(根本醫典)"을 중심으로)

  • Chang, Eun-Young;Yun, Chang-Yul
    • Journal of Korean Medical classics
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    • v.11 no.1
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    • pp.416-512
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    • 1998
  • The following conclusions are obtained from the studies on the chapters concerning phisiology, pathology, daily conduct, materia medica, pulse, and urinalysis from , of the "Four Tantras". 1. The theoretical basis forming the Tibetan Medicine is the substance of phlegm, bile, and wind each of which is divided into five kinds. These phisiological substances can be transformed into pathological factors when certain environment is formed. 2. In embryology, the semen of the father and menstral blood of mother is considered the most important condition in conception, and the Five factors are regarded as important. There is a detailed explanation of development of the fetus while it stays in the womb of mother during 38weeks, such as the formation of the viscera, channels, sense organs, etc. 3. There is metaphor which compares the human body with the king's palace. With the development of human anatomy, there is the detailed anatomical picture of anterior and posterior aspects of human body. And also there is the measurement of physiological constitution and the three fluids. 4. In division of the channels, they concerned the now of the blood and distribution of the nerve fibers, and each channel is connected with one another. The division of the cannel is namely embryonic channel, channel of existence, channel of connection, and the course of life principle. 5. The seven bodily constituents and three factors of phlegm, bile, and wind are important in sustaining the life of human body as well as growth and maturization, and when their equilibrium is broken, the human body is degnerated, and finally death comes. 6. The signs of death is divided into distant sign, remote sign, certain sign. and uncertain sign, and is used as a clue in diagnosis of the disease. Especially there is a mention about the mechanism of the dreams, and different dreams according to the condition of the patient. 7. In pathology, there is the cause of the disease, the environmental factors which can induce disease, the path by which disease come into the human body, the characteristics of the disease, and the kinds of disease. 8. There is a mention about the conduct, and it is divided into the daily conduct, the mental attitude, and the side-effects which can occur when one puts up with the physiological actions of the body. 9. The daily diet is divided into food and beverage. The food is divided again into grain, meat, fat, boiled food, and spiced food, and the beverage into milk, water, and wine. 10. The pulsation should be taken in lift hand to diagnose heart, small intestine, stomach, spleen, kidney, reproductive organ, and in right hand jungs, large intestine, liver, gall bladder, kidney, and bladder. In the healthy person, the pulse moves 5times in one perspiration, and the type of pulse is constant while the pulse moves 100times. But unhealthy person's pulse is different from this. The urinalysis is the unique part of Tibetan Medicine, and is important in examination of the disease. One should decide which of the three factors are dominant by the obervation of the color, amount of the steam and how long it lasts, odour, foam, and the shape of the swirl in three different states when the urine is hot, warm, and cold. One can determine the life of the patient and which viscera is the cause of the disease by the pulse, and whether the nature of the disease is hot or cold by the urinalysis. 11. The materia medica contains gemstones, minerals, plateau medication, and meat products.

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Evaluation of Image Quality & Absorbed Dose using MCNPX Simulation in the Digital Radiography System (디지털방사선영상시스템에서 MCNPX 시뮬레이션을 이용한 영상 품질 및 선량평가)

  • An, Hyeon;Lee, Dongyeon;Ko, Sungjin;Kim, Changsoo
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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    • v.10 no.5
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    • pp.327-335
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    • 2016
  • The study is enforce to study image quality evaluation of condition provide the IEC and combination of clinical conditions each quality of radiation that image quality to assess the conditions provided to IEC in the clinical environment to conduct image quality assessment of the digital radiography system in the detector have environmental limits. First, image quality evaluation was evaluated by measuring the MTF, NPS using four quality of radiation and Using MCNPX simulation lastly DQE make a image quality evaluation after calculating the particle fluence to analyze spectrum quality of radiation. Second, Using MCNPX simulation of four quality of radiation was evaluated absorbed dose rate about electronic 1 per unit air, water, muscle, bone by using Radiation flux density and energy, mass-energy absorption coefficient of matter. Results of evaluation of image quality, MTF of four quality of radiation was satisfied diagnosis frequency domain 1.0 ~ 3.0 lp/mm of general X-ray that indicated 1.13 ~ 2.91 lp/mm spatial frequency. The NPS has added filter, spatial frequency 0.5 lp/mm at standard NPS showed a tendency to decrease after increase. Unused added filter, spatial frequency 0.5 lp/mm at standard NPS showed a certain NPS result value after decrease. DQE in 70 kVp / unuesd added filter(21 mm Al) / SID 150 cm that patial frequency 1.5 lp/mm at standard showed a tendency to decrease after certain value showed. Patial frequency in the rest quality of radiation was showed a tendency to decrease after increase. Results of evaluation of absorbed dose, air < water < muscle < bone in the order showed a tendency to increase. Based on the results of this study provide to basic data that present for the image quality evaluation method of a digital radiation imaging system in various the clinical condition.