• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.600-614
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• 2016

This study specifies the definition and characteristics of fake fashion by categorizing cases through an analytical framework that uses the concept of simulacre, which is one of the theories that explains the reproduction of images and symbols in a modern consumer society. The presentation stages of modern fake fashion based on Baudrillard's concept of simulacre are as follows: Stage 1 focuses on the realistic imitation of the original, Stage 2 maintains a similarity with the original while transforming through the distortion of shape or visual perception, Stage 3 is the reality of the original which has become significantly vague and actively involves the designer's creativity, and Stage 4 forms a new value and an independent aura beyond reproducing the original. The presentation techniques of modern fake fashion viewed in the concept of simulacre can be classified into optical illusions by reproduction, use of a fake object, use of unusual shapes, and re-signifying through borrowing. As a result of applying the collected cases to the analytical framework, image reproduction in Stage 1 with imitative nature is a counterfeit that cannot be regarded as fake fashion, and fake fashion in Stage 4 (that can be referred to as simulacre) is fashion with symbolic and multiple meanings with new and creative designs. Modern fake fashion analyzed in the concept of simulacre transforms or reproduces the preexisting original with the purpose of merely creating original designs as well as acts as a new symbolic signal that creates a new aura and sets a trend with a message.

• Journal of Society of Preventive Korean Medicine
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.15-26
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• 2019

Background and Aim : Health care and cosmetics as well as quality of life is now a matter of concern and many categories of complementary and alternative medicine fall into the territory of the medical practice of Korean medicine. Accordingly, penalties are being taken for unlicensed medical practices of Korean medicine in so called complementary and alternative medicine area. There is a possibility of violating the law for the public part because it is not clearly stipulated in the law as to what is a licensed medical practice. Materials and Method : The significance of the Medical Service Act and the Act on Special Measures for the Control of Public Health Crimes were reviewed, and the related supreme court cases were discussed upon the legal aspect of processing the unlicensed medical practice of Korean medicine. The legal information was provided from the National Law Information Center of the Ministry of Government Legislation, and the information websites of the Supreme Court and the Constitutional Court. Results : The concept of medical practice, which is essential in judging the case of unlicensed medical practice, is 'prevention and treatment of diseases through diagnosis, examination, prescribing, medication, or surgical procedures based on medical expertise', and the 'acts that may result in harm and injury of health unless performed by a medical person'. With respect to the medical practice of Korean medicine, the concept includes 'prevention and treatment of diseases using the principle of traditional Korean Medicine'. Conclusions : The concept of medical practice should be clearly stipulated in the law for the control over the unlicensed medical practices of Korean medicine. And it is important to move from the current concept of medical person-oriented medical practice emerging from the national system of healthcare control, to a concept that can accept the era of health managing-oriented medical environment and the co-governance of the healthcare providers and consumers for the future.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.34 no.5 s.118
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• pp.59-69
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• 2006

Nature-learning place is a critical space together with nature center in Natural parks. But there are serious faults on these design and planning as for the landscape ecological consideration. The objective of this paper was to suggest the ecological alternatives through analyzing existing cases of nature-teaming place in Natural parte. Five case sites in Natural parks were selected in Chollabukdo. Three landscape indices- subjectivity, natural prototype, nativity, were introduced for evaluating the existing cases. Results showed that those are short of landscape ecological senses- Biotope target species, ecological vegetation patches, eco-corridor concept. A proposal for the ecological planning in Deokyusan Natural park was suggested according to several criteria with biotopes as forest and stream patches and the corridor. The results of the study can be summarized as follows. First, existing natural-loaming sites should be evaluated in light of landscape ecological indices. Second, they can be designed to work with the concept of the biotope patch and corridor for target species. The results of this study could provide critical guidelines for the ecological planning and design of natural-loaming sites in nature parks.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.81-90
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• 2023

In aviation, with the rapid transformation of the mobility industry, UAMs are emerging to operate green low-altitude airspace in urban environments. In order for UAM aircraft to fly safely transporting passengers and cargo in low-altitude urban airspace, a traffic control system that supports the safe operation of the aircraft is essential. In particular, traffic control systems that reflect the characteristics of the flight environment, such as operating at low altitude in urban environments for a short period of time, are required. In this study, we define the definition of UATM and its main services that perform traffic control for the safe operation of UAMs. In addition, we analyzed the development trends of UATM systems based on domestic and overseas cases. Based on these analyses, we present the results of the concept design of the UATM system. After analyzing UATM development cases, we found that there is no commercialized UATM system, but overseas development is focused on systems that can integrate ATM and UTM. And we identified key stakeholders and interface data, and performed UATM system architecture and functional design based on the identified data. Finally, as a necessary element for the future development of UATM systems, we propose the establishment and advancement of UAM traffic flow management systems, the establishment of integrated control systems, and the development of interface with aircraft operation systems in preparation for the unmanned UAM aircraft.

• Cross-Cultural Studies
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• v.24
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• pp.147-156
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• 2011

A brief consultation of English Arabic dictionaries and encyclopedias shows that there is no one single standard Arabic translation of the English concept 'democracy'. Arab authors use, instead, a series of multiple terms that need clarification if the first term is to be clear. In many cases, they tend to localize the term into Arabic using various orthographic forms; at other times, they run a rather lengthy analysis to elucidate the concept that seems to be an essentially contested term. This paper aims to inquire into the reasons for the confusion and inconsistency in the translation of the concept 'democracy', as well as the underlying arguments for advocating the localization rather than translation of this political concept. This will be followed by a discussion of the implications of this study for lexicographers and translators. Given the fact that ideology is of non-Arabic origin, English perceptions of this fluid concept might help account for its lack of clarity in Arabic translations since Arabic is highly influenced by English in various spheres of life. It would thus be wise first to check the perceptivity of English authors of the concept. To better serve the purpose of this study, the author distinguishes here between 'translation' and so-called 'localization'. The term 'translation' is concerned with finding an existing term in the target language with an equivalent meaning for a foreign word, whereas localization involves taking the foreign term and making it linguistically and culturally appropriate to the target language, by subjecting it to the morphological and syntactic rules of Arabic to be used as if it were originally Arabic.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Interior Design Conference
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• 2006.05a
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• pp.206-209
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• 2006

The concept of non-linearity, which has been derived from a scientific paradigm, has generated new discourse in formative arts. The non-linearity enables various new possibilities such as, generation of diverse and dynamic space, creation of non-geometric form and space, and the shape in the space as it is in nature. This study percepts and explains the concepts of non-linearity and their principles in space modeling in the field of interior design, in terms of the philosophy of fractal geometry. We also analyze cases, which shows trends and specific embodiments of non-linear space modeling. This study will provide perspectives on the non-linearity as a new methods in the space modeling. For the study, we review the concept and characteristics of non-linearity, by examining various literatures, and developed an analyzing tool which was used to study various cases of Western and Korean interior Design.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.21-32
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• 2002

This study aims to find out the way of revitalizing of natural riverfront space in terms of ecological aspect. At the first part, theoretical made in terms of concept, planning aspects and techniques which were main bases for the study. It begins by explaining the concept of ecological riverfront space, the main aspect and techniques of its planning. After this, it analysis eight cases(four cases in Korea, Swiss, Germany, America and Japan) in terms of the objects, planning techniques and the results of development. It continues by making detailed analysis according to four objectives like 'protection from flood', 'quality of the river', 'ecological preservation' and 'active usage of riverfront space'. It ends by evaluating the relationship between objectives and the planning which will be adapted to the future development of riverfront space with ecological aspect. In conclusion, hereafter will propose desirable design-direction for revitalization about riverfront space about ecological aspect design in urban.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.65 no.3
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• pp.380-384
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• 2022

Subdural hematoma in infants can be caused by abuse, and is thought to be more likely if subdural hematoma is associated with retinal hemorrhage and cerebral edema. In Japan, few doctors disagree that cases of subdural hematoma with retinal hemorrhage and cerebral edema with multiple findings on the body are more likely to have been caused by abuse rather than by household accident. On the other hand, in cases where there are no other significant physical findings, only subdural hematoma and retinal hemorrhage, there is a difference of opinion as to whether the injury was caused by an accident or abuse. The reason for this is that neurosurgeons in Japan promoted the concept that infants can develop subdural hematomas and retinal hemorrages due to minor trauma at home before the concept of abusive head trauma became known. In addition, the age distribution of subdural hematomas in Japan differs from that in other countries, with peaks at around 8 months, and the reason for this remains unclear. Therefore, the etiology of infant subdural hematoma in Japan needs to be investigated in greater detail.

• Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.118-125
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• 2018

An evaluation system for an electronic-nose concept using three types of metal oxide gas sensors that react similarly to the human olfactory cells was constructed for the quantitative and qualitative evaluation of aroma fragrances. Four types of aroma fragrances (lavender, orange, jasmine, and Roman chamomile), which are commonly used in aromatherapy, were evaluated. All the gas sensors reacted remarkably to the aroma fragrances and the good correlation of r=0.58-0.88 with the aromatic odor intensities by olfaction was confirmed. From the results of the analysis of an electronic-nose concept for classifying the characteristics of aroma oil fragrances, aroma oils could be classified using the fragrance characteristics and oil extraction methods with the cumulative variability contribution rate of 95.65% (F1: 69.65%, F2: 26.03%) by principal component analysis. In the pattern recognition based on the artificial neural network, the four aroma fragrances were 100% recognized through the training data of 56 cases (70%) out of 80 cases, and the pattern recognition rate was 57.1%-71.4% through the validation and testing data of 24 cases (30%). The pattern recognition success rate through all confusion matrices was 82.1%, indicating that the classification of aroma oil fragrances using the three types of gas sensors was successful.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Educational Facilities
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.37-47
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• 2006

The conservation or practical use of a lot of closed schools which occurred from 1982 all over the country by governmental policy has been becoming important concerns to local resident and community with economical and administrative interest. A lot of examples, sold or rented to public institutions or a person, which have been using by welfare facilities for inhabitants, facilities for education, youth, company, culture and art, and other use, could be found. It could be said that the process of user's participation of these examples is very high, that is, a lot of examples of our surrounding is applied with ecological concept have participated by most users and local residents directly to architectural repair and renewal process, and practical use. In this background, I choose total five examples more than one by Chungbuk, Chungnam, Jeonbuk, Jeonnam district to investigate examples of closed schools applied ecological architectural concept and I researched reconfiguration of site, change of exterior or interior material, application of ecological system, and role as local community.