• 자원ㆍ환경경제연구
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.291-319
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• 2002

This Paper investigates imperfect competition and economy of scale on Korean energy markets based on computable general equilibrium model. Some industries like energy sector have exhibited that their economies have strong economies of scale and imperfect competition. Thus these industrial organization facts should be incorporated into CGE model. In our model, non-competitive markets are adopted and compare these results with convention perfect competition model.

• 무역학회지
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• 제47권4호
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• pp.125-135
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• 2022

This study is to analyze the economic effects of tariff reduction using computable general equilibrium(CGE) model. We set up the social accounting matrix for five-base equilibrium year. Our main findings are as follows. First, the impact of tariff reduction on GDP was different from time to time. It meas that the differentiated economics structure was affected by tariff reduction. As our economic grew up, the impact of tariff reduction was measured much higher. Second, until 1995 the impact of tariff reduction on total export and import was increased, then while 1995 the increase was dropped. This is because we reduced the tariff by the WTO negotiations. Third, the tariff reduction affected the price of imported goods, so it contributed to substitute effects between domestic and imported goods. According to these results, we found out the importance of the linkage between the tariff reduction and economic structure.

• 통상정보연구
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.313-331
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• 2007

In a rapidly changing environment of international trade, the purpose of this study is to examine economic benefits and losses of each country involved in the negotiation on the Free Trade Agreement (FTA) in Northeast Asia and to prepare strategies for the negotiation in the FTA between Korea and China. Previous researches on FTA have been made mainly from the macroeconomic perspective. The approach in this study is a combination of regulatory, reviewing regulations, and economic making quantitative analysis of the economic effects of FTA, which are the basic background of FTA. In economic analysis, I estimated the macroscopic economic effects of FTA by examining the effects of FTA on the trade balance, GDP and production of focal countries through the Computable General Equilibrium(CGE) model using GTAP data set.

• East Asian Economic Review
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.233-272
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• 2021

The Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP) agreement, signed in November 2020, comes shortly after the Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership (CPTPP) entered into force and the US-China Trade War escalated. We use a computable general equilibrium model to assess the long-term effects of these three developments on income, trade, economic structure, factor returns and employment across the world, and especially in Asia-Pacific countries. The results suggest that RCEP could generate income gains that will be almost twice as large as those of the CPTPP, and that the two agreements together will largely offset the substantial negative effects of the US-China Trade War for the world as a whole. All three policy developments, but especially RCEP, will deepen East Asian production networks and will raise productivity and increase wages and employment in much of East Asia. At the sectoral level, regional trade in non-durable and durable manufactures will experience the most growth.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.183-193
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• 2023

This paper proposes and examines the economic impact of infrastructure improvement on the San-En-Nanshin region in the Chubu area of Japan. We develop a single transportation computable general equilibrium (CGE) model for each subregion within the San-En-Nanshin region. The explicit modeling of the transportation infrastructure is defined based on interregional commuting flows and business trips, considering the spatial structure of the San-En-Nanshin economy. A CGE model is integrated with an interregional transportation network model to enhance the framework's potential for understanding the infrastructure's role in regional development. To evaluate the economic impact of transportation improvement, we analyze the interrelationship between travel time savings and regional output and income. The economic impact analysis under the CGE framework reveals how transportation facilities and systems affect firm and household behavior and therefore induce changes in the production and consumption of commodities and transportation services. The proposed theoretical model was tested by using data from the 2005 IO tables of each subregion and the 2006 transport flow dataset issued by the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport, and Tourism in Japan. As a result, the paper confirms the positive effect of transportation investment on the total output and income of the studied region. Specifically, we found that while economic benefits typically appear in urban areas, rural areas can still potentially benefit from transportation improvement projects.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제49권1호
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• pp.31-43
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• 2022

The global trade environment is rapidly changing. The spread of COVID-19 promotes digitalization, and online transactions are becoming the new normal. Currently, Korea is actively introducing information and communication technology (ICT) that uses the internet of things (IoT) in relation to agriculture. However, few studies have analyzed the impact of digitalization on trade in the agricultural sector. Thus, the purpose of this study is to examine how the introduction of digital technology can affect the economy and trade of Korea. In this study, we estimate the impact of introducing digital technologies using the computable general equilibrium (CGE) model. The results of this analysis indicate that the GDP could increase by 3.82% to 10.53%. Also, agricultural production and trade according to the model will significantly increase to 8.67% and 5.72%, respectively, through a productivity increase from Blockchain, IoT, and artificial intelligence (AI) technologies, despite logistics inefficiencies. Although the effects of digitalization could be significant, farmers are still struggling to introduce digital technologies, stemming from the fact that government support systems are concentrated in only a few sub-sectors. In this regard, support in this area must be expanded and diversified according to the current environment of agriculture in Korea.

• 기술혁신연구
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.57-83
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• 2011

본 연구에서는 CGE(Computable General Equilibrium)모형을 이용하여 28개 산업별 R&D투자액의 GDP 파급효과를 추정한 뒤, 그 결과로써 GDP의 R&D투자탄력성을 계산하여 산업별 R&D 투자 우선순위를 제시하였다. 우선순위는 28개 대분류 산업 중 전체 연구 개발투자에서 차지하는 비중이 1% 미만인 16개 산업을 제외한 12개 산업에 대해서만 적용해 보았다. 먼저 GDP의 R&D투자 탄력성에 근거한 우선순위는 제1차 금속제품, 화학제품, 음식료품, 전기 및 전자기기, 수송장비, 금속제품, 정밀기기, 전력 가스 및 수도, 일반기계, 통신 및 방송, 건설, 사회 및 기타 서비스, 부동산 및 사업 서비스 순이었다. GDP의 R&D투자탄력성에 근거한 순위설정은 비교적 우리나라 산업들의 현황을 잘 보여주고 있는 것으로 판단된다. 보조 지표인 2030년 기준 균형 대비 GDP 증가율에 근거한 우선순위 역시 판정기준으로 유사한 결과를 보여주었다. 결국 두 개의 우선순위 기준은 국가과학기술위원회의 R&D예산투자방향 및 기준 설정과 주요 사업별 예산배분 방향에 좋은 판정기준으로 활용될 수 있음을 보여주었다.

• 자원ㆍ환경경제연구
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.169-205
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• 2021

본 연구는 온실가스 감축정책이 세계경제에 미치는 영향을 정량적으로 분석하였다. 이를 위해서 생산에 따른 온실가스 배출, 온실가스 배출에 의한 비효용의 발생, 각국 정부의 온실가스 감축정책이라는 세 가지 요소를 포함하고 있는 다국가-다산업 정태적 연산가능일반균형모형을 개발하였다. 이렇게 개발된 모형의 파라미터 값을 추정하고 모형에 적용할 수 있는 가장 최근의 방법론(exact hat algebra)을 사용해서 모형의 해를 계산하였다. 모형의 예측에 따르면 국가별 개별적인(unilateral) 온실가스 감축정책의 강화는 해당 국가의 국내 생산과 탄소 배출을 감소시키지만, 생산이 다른 국가로 재배치되기 때문에 반드시 세계의 탄소 배출량을 감소시키지는 않는 것으로 나타났다. 반면 모든 주요국들이 동시에 OECD(2016)에서 제안된 강화된 감축정책을 추진할 경우에 전 세계의 온실가스 배출을 감소시킬 수 있는 것으로 나타났다. 우리분석결과는 온실가스 감축정책이 효과를 발휘하기 위해서는 주요국들의 조율된(aligned) 감축노력이 필요하다는 점을 시사한다.

• 대한교통학회지
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.33-44
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• 2013

토지이용-교통 통합모형은 실증연구와 정책연구에 적합한 풍부하고 유연한 모형요소를 가지고 있다. 그러나 모형의 구성이 복잡한 만큼 후생함수의 정책변수에 대한 변화율 또한 통상 복잡하다. 따라서 최적 정책수단이 충족시켜야 할 1계 도함수 조건을 푸는 최적 정책수단의 수식을 명시적으로 유도하는 것이 매우 어렵고, 그 결과 수치해석적 모형은 이론연구 도구로서 활용하는데 근본적 한계를 가지고 있었다. 이 문제를 해결하고자 Yu and Rhee(2011) 및 Rhee (2012)는 이들 모형에서 목적함수인 후생함수의 정책변수에 대한 변화율을 간단한 수식으로 변환하는 방법론을 제시한 바 있다. 그러나 이들이 사용한 모형에서 교통수요는 고정된 것으로 가정하고 있어, 이들 모형 또한 교통 계획적 관점에서 보았을 때 상당한 한계를 지니고 있다. 이에 본 연구는 이들의 방법론을 교통수요가 탄력적인 토지이용-교통 모형으로 확장한다. 이 방법론을 이용하면 보다 현실적인 모습의 토지시장과 교통망이 구현된 모형에서 정책수단의 다양한 영향을 분석할 수 있게 된다. 이러한 분석은 종래에 존재하지 않았거나 있었다 하더라도 매우 제한된 범위에서 수행되었던 분석들이다.

• 자원ㆍ환경경제연구
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.653-682
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• 2007

In this study, multi-sectoral partial equilibrium and computable general equilibrium models of Taiwan are used to investigate the direct and indirect effects of energy price increases on overall economies and agro-food sector in Taiwan. The results suggest that agricultural prices, production cost would increase between 0.27% to 1.88%, and a reduction in GDP around 0.39% to 0.54 %. The negative impact on livestock sector is slightly higher than that on the crop sector. Negative impacts are also observed in the employment and wages. The rising oil price has the potential to discourage production of energy-intensive activity because of the possibility of substitution and adaptations. The growth rate of real GDP will shrink by 0.64% to 1.06% and CPI will increase by 1.17% to 1,95%. Both the agriculture and non-agricultural sector also respond by raising output prices by 0.80% to 1.33%. The rising international oil price has urged the government to take policy actions like using alternative fuels such as biodiesel, bioethanol, and adopting measures to cut down on energy consumptions mainly in transportation sectors in response to public concern over economic shocks.