• International Journal of Automotive Technology
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• v.2 no.3
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• pp.93-101
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• 2001

Distribution of fuel-air mixture has a strong influence on performance and emissions of a compressed natural gas (CNG) engine. In this paper, parametric study is performed by KIVA-3V to investigate fuel-air mixture with respect to injection timing, cycle equivalence ratio and engine speed. With open-valve injection intensive mixing during intake and compression stroke results in relatively homogeneous mixture in the cylinder. Sequential induction of fuel-air mixture and fresh air results in stratification in the cylinder among the test cases at closed-valve injection. There is close similarity in the calculated distributions of the mixture in the cylinder with different cycle equivalence ratios and engine speeds. The results are compared against pressure traces and flame images obtained in a single cylinder engine converted from a 11L six-cylinder heavy duty diesel engine.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.54 no.3
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• pp.257-260
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• 2013

A 61-year-old woman with a very rare case of totally ossified large thoracic spinal metaplastic meningioma, showing progressing myelopathy is presented. Computed tomographic images showed a large totally ossfied intradural round mass occupying the spinal canal on T9-10 level. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a large T9-10 intradural extramedullary mass that was hypointense to spinal cord on T1- and T2-weighted sequences, partial enhancement was apparent after Gadolinium administration. The spinal cord was severely compressed and displaced toward the right at the level of T9-10. Surgical removal of the tumor was successfully accomplished via the posterior midline approach and the histological diagnosis verified an ossified metaplastic meningioma. The clinical neurological symptoms of patient were improved postoperatively. In this article we discuss the surgical and pathological aspects of rare case of spinal totally ossified metaplastic meningioma.

• Journal of Multimedia Information System
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.19-26
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• 2017

The compression of video for both full HD and UHD requires the inclusion of extra vertical lines to every video frame, named as the DTV essential hidden area (DEHA), for the effective functioning of the MPEG-2/4/H encoder, stream, and decoder. However, while the encoding/decoding process is dependent on the DEHA, the DEHA is conventionally viewed as a redundancy in terms of channel utilization or storage efficiency. This paper proposes a block mode DEHA method to more effectively utilize the DEHA. Partitioning video block images and then evenly filling the representative DEHA macroblocks with the average DC coefficient of the active video macroblock can minimize the amount of DEHA data entering the compressed video stream. Theoretically, this process results in smaller DEHA data entering the video stream. Experimental testing of the proposed block mode DEHA method revealed a slight improvement in the quality of the active video. Outside of this technological improvement to video quality, the attractiveness of the proposed DEHA method is also heightened by the ease that it can be implemented with existing video encoders.

• Proceedings of the KOSOMBE Conference
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• v.1992 no.05
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• pp.58-63
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• 1992

The discrete cosine transform (DCT)-based progressive coding standard proposed by the International Standardization Orgnnization (ISO) Joint Photographic Experts Groups (JPEG) is investigated for medical image compression and the performance of the JPEG is compared to that of the full-frame bit-allocation (FFBA) technique. From the comparison, the JPEG standard appeals superior to the FFBA technique in the following aspects: 1) JPEG achieves higher compression than the FFBA technique with less mean square error. 2) Less Gibb's artifact is observed in the compressed images by the JPEG. 3) Computational time for the JPEG is about one-fourth or the FFBA technique. Other attractive points of the JPEG include: Implementation of the JPEG with VLSIs is commercially available in relative low price and the JPEG compression format can easily be interchangeable with other applications.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2005.07a
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• pp.905-907
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• 2005

In this paper, we propose the system that can monitor and control the camera in the remote place using the PDA. The server PC attached to the PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) acquires the current status (On/Off) of the devices through the RS-232 serial communications. Also, the moving image frames captured from the wireless camera is compressed in the JPEG format and is stored in the server. The PDA, which is connected to the server through wireless internet, receives the data about the status of the devices and controls the devices according to the circumstances of them. Also, it can receive the images from the server simultaneously. So, we ran monitor and control the specified area in the remote place using the PDA through the wireless communication.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2005.07d
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• pp.3117-3119
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• 2005

In this paper, we propose the system that can monitor and control the camera in the remote place using the PDA. The server PC attached to the PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) acquires the current status (On/Off) of the devices through the RS-232 serial communications. Also, the moving image frames captured from the wireless camera is compressed in the JPEG format and is stored in the server. The PDA, which is connected to the server through wireless internet, receives the data about the status of the devices and controls the devices according to the circumstances of them. Also, it can receive the images from the server simultaneously. So, we can monitor and control the specified area in the remote place using the PDA through the wireless communication.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2003.07e
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• pp.1855-1858
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• 2003

In this paper, we propose image retrieval method more accurate and efficient than the conventional one. First of ail, we perform a shot detection and key frame extraction from the DC image constructed by DCT DC coefficients in the compressed video stream that is video compression standard such as MPEG[I][2]. We get principal axis applying PCA(Principal Component Analysis) to key frames for obtaining indexing information, and divide a domain. Video retrieval uses indexing information of high dimension. We apply KD-Trees(K Dimensional-Trees)[3] which shows efficient retrieval in data set of high dimension to video retrieval method. The proposed method can represent property of images more efficiently and property of domains more accurately using KD-Trees.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.8-14
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• 2009

Effect of heterogeneity of combustion chamber has been thought as one of the way to avoid dramatically generating heat in HCCI Combustion. The purpose of this research is to investigate the effect of heterogeneity, especially thermal stratification and fuel strength stratification on HCCI Combustion fueled with DME and n-Butane. Thermal stratification is formed in Combustion Chamber of Rapid Compression Machine with 3 Kinds of pre-mixture has different properties. The stratified charge mixture is adiabatic compressed and on that process, in cylinder gas pressure and two-dimensional chemiluminescence images are measured and analyzed.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.172-179
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• 1998

본 논문에서는 hybrid MC/DCT 기법을 이용한 압축 영상의 블록화 및 링 현상을 동시에 제거하는 기법이 제안된다. 압축 영상의 블록화 링 현상은 블록간, 블록 내에서 다른 특성이 있고, 수평. 수직 방향의 상관 관계에 따라 다를 수 있으며, 영상 사이의 일정 상관 관계에 따라 다르게 형성된다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 블록간, 블록 내부, 수평수직 방향성, 그리고 시간 영역의 정보를 이용하여 새로운 부가 완화 함수를 정의하며, 최적 해를 구하기 위해 gradient와 양자화 과정으로부터 설정할 수 있는 비선형 연산을 이용한 projection을 결합시킨 hybrid 형태의 기법이 제안된다. 또한, 정규화 계수들은 부호화단에서 이용 가능한 정보로부터 예측하여 기존 방식이 있던 계산량이 이득을 얻을 수 있다. 실험 결과로부터 제안된 방식의 주관적, 객관적 성능 향상을 확인할 수 있었다.

• Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
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• v.32 no.12
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• pp.1157-1163
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• 2005

In this paper, an efficient and fast method to segment a video in the MPEG(motion picture expert group) video stream is proposed. For the real time processing of large amount of broadcasting data, we use DC images of I-frames in an MPEG compressed video with minimal decoding. Using the modified histogram comparison which counts on not only luminance but also chrominance information, the scene change detection was performed in the fast and accurate way Also, to discriminate anchorperson frame from non-anchor frame, a neural network method was introduced.