• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.157-165
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• 2005

Purpose : To find out the proper compression ratios without degrading image quality and affecting lesion detectability on diagnostic images used in dentistry compressed with JPEG 2000 algorithm. Materials and Methods : Sixty Digora periapical images, sixty panoramic computed radiographic (CR) images, sixty computed tomographic (CT) images, and sixty magnetic resonance (MR) images were compressed into JPEG 2000 with ratios of 10 levels from 5:1 to 50:1. To evaluate the lesion detectability, the images were graded with 5 levels (1 : definitely absent; 2: probably absent; 3: equivocal; 4: probably present; 5: definitely present), and then receiver operating characteristic analysis was performed using the original image as a gold standard. Also to evaluate subjectively the image quality, the images were graded with 5 levels (1 definitely unacceptable; 2: probably unacceptable; 3: equivocal, 4: probably acceptable; 5· definitely acceptable), and then paired t-test was performed. Results : In Digora, CR panoramic and CT images, compressed images up to ratios of 15 : 1 showed nearly the same lesion detectability as original images, and in MR images, compressed images did up to ratios of 25 : 1. In Digora and CR panoramic Images, compressed images up to ratios of 5 : 1 showed little difference between the original and reconstructed images in subjective assessment of image quality In CT images, compressed images did up to ratios of 10: 1 and in MR images up to ratios of 15 : 1 Conclusion : We considered compression ratios up to 5 : 1 in Digora and CR panoramic images, up to 10 : 1 in CT images, up to 15 : 1 in MR images as clinically applicable compression ratios.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.435-452
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• 2010

This paper proposes a novel reversible data hiding scheme based on a Vector Quantization (VQ) codebook. The proposed scheme uses the principle component analysis (PCA) algorithm to sort the codebook and to find two similar codewords of an image block. According to the secret to be embedded and the difference between those two similar codewords, the original image block is transformed into a difference number table. Finally, this table is compressed by entropy coding and sent to the receiver. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed scheme can achieve greater hiding capacity, about five bits per index, with an acceptable bit rate. At the receiver end, after the compressed code has been decoded, the image can be recovered to a VQ compressed image.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.366-385
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• 2013

In this paper, we propose a compressed sensing (CS) based Wyner-Ziv (WZ) codec using motion-aligned auto regressive model (MAAR) based side information (SI) extrapolation to improve the compression performance of low-delay distributed video coding (DVC). In the CS based WZ codec, the WZ frame is divided into small blocks and CS measurements of each block are acquired at the encoder, and a specific CS reconstruction algorithm is proposed to correct errors in the SI using CS measurements at the decoder. In order to generate high quality SI, a MAAR model is introduced to improve the inaccurate motion field in auto regressive (AR) model, and the Tikhonov regularization on MAAR coefficients and overlapped block based interpolation are performed to reduce block effects and errors from over-fitting. Simulation experiments show that our proposed CS based WZ codec associated with MAAR based SI generation achieves better results compared to other SI extrapolation methods.

• 디지털콘텐츠학회 논문지
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• 제17권5호
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• pp.433-439
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• 2016

본 논문에서는 기존의 데이터 은닉 기법들을 개선하는 스테가노그라피 방법을 제시한다. 이 방법은 이미지의 압축 도메인(JPEG)에서 동작한다. 현재 정보은닉 방법의 대부분은 일반적으로 정보를 숨길 계수를 변경한다. 그리고 몇 가지 방법은 매트릭스 인코딩을 포함하는 F5 같은 일반적인 스테가노그라피 방법의 성능을 향상시키기 위해 노력하였다. 이러한 논문들은 압축 도메인 계수에 데이터를 숨길 때 발생하는 왜곡을 감소시키는 목적을 달성하였다. 제안 논문에서는 압축 도메인에서 데이터를 숨기는 동안 양자화 테이블의 효과를 분석 하였다. 결과적으로, 스테가노그라피 기술의 적용에서 발생하는 왜곡을 양자화 테이블의 효율적 이용에 의해 감소시킬 수 있음을 알아냈다. 본 논문에서는 이미지 품질의 관점에서 일부(최대: 약 6.5%) 더 개선 된 결과를 제공한다. 제안한 논문에서 개발한 알고리즘은 JPEG 외의 압축영역 정보 은닉 기법들의 성능 개선에 도움을 줄 수 있다.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제8권12호
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• pp.4588-4603
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• 2014

In this paper, we present a high-quality image authentication scheme based on absolute moment block truncation coding. In the proposed scheme, we use the parity of the bitmap (BM) to generate the authentication code for each compressed image block. Data hiding is used to authenticate whether the content has been altered or not. For image authentication, we embed the authentication code to quantization levels of each image block compressed by absolute moment block truncation coding (AMBTC) which will be altered when the host image is manipulated. The embedding position is generated by a pseudo-random number generator for security concerned. Besides, to improve the detection ability we use a hierarchical structure to ensure the accuracy of tamper localization. A watermarked image can be precisely inspected whether it has been tampered intentionally or incautiously by checking the extracted watermark. Experimental results demonstrated that the proposed scheme achieved high-quality embedded images and good detection accuracy, with stable performance and high expansibility. Performance comparisons with other block-based data hiding schemes are provided to demonstrate the superiority of the proposed scheme.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제39C권6호
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• pp.503-511
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• 2014

본 논문에서는 사용자가 하나의 화면을 가진 장치에서 원하는 여러 비디오 콘텐츠를 동시에 볼 수 있도록 하는 새로운 실시간 H.264/AVC 압축 영역에서의 영상 합성 알고리즘을 제안한다. 본 논문에서 제안하는 알고리즘은 사용자의 요청에 따른 다수 비트스트림들을 압축 영역에서의 하나의 비트열으로 합성한다. 즉, 압축 영역에 있는 다수 영상들의 경계면에 있는 매크로블록들에 대해서 화면 내 예측 모드와 화면 간 예측 MVD를 다시 계산하고 변환 오차 계수 테이블을 수정 하여 경계 매크로블록 확정하는 방법, 영상의 나머지 부분에서 매크로블록 데이터를 단순히 복사하는 방법으로 이뤄진다. 실험 결과, 제안 알고리즘은 480p 크기의 4개 영상을 1초에 103장 이상 합성할 수 있어, 실시간 적용의 가능함을 보여주고 있다.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제34권10B호
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• pp.1086-1092
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• 2009

Stereoscopic conversion has been an important and challenging issue for many 3-D video applications. Usually, there are two different stereoscopic conversion approaches, i.e., image motion-based conversion that uses motion information and object-based conversion that partitions an image into moving or static foreground object(s) and background and then converts the foreground in a stereoscopic object. As well, since the input sequence is MPEG-1/2 compressed video, motion data stored in compressed bitstream are often unreliable and thus the image motion-based conversion might fail. To solve this problem, we present the utilization of key-motion that has the better accuracy of estimated or extracted motion information. To deal with diverse motion types, a transform space produced from motion vectors and color differences is introduced. A key-motion is determined from the transform space and its associated stereoscopic image is generated. Experimental results validate effectiveness and robustness of the proposed method.

• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 2001년도 하계종합학술대회 논문집(1)
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• pp.93-96
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• 2001

In this paper, the performance of DS/CDMA-BPSK system for image transmission is simulated by computer, and received image is compared with the origin image. In order to transmit standard image 'Lena', the image is discrete-cosine- transformed and quantized. Then image transmission data is made through assigning 8 bits to the image and high frequency data part of the image is compressed for reducing the size of data. The source-coded image is transmitted and received by the DS/CDMA-BPSK system. The BER, PSNR, and source Quality are changed according to the number of multiple access users, processing gain of the system, and SMR.

• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 1998년도 추계종합학술대회 논문집
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• pp.867-870
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• 1998

Video data is usually stored in a compressed format in order to reduce the storage space. For efficient browsing, searching, and retrieval of compressed video sequences, size-reduced images (or DC images which are formed with block DC coefficients) are generally preferred to avoid unnecessary computational complexity. In this paper, we propose a DC image extraction scheme appropriate for scene analysis and efficient browsing of compressed video sequences. The proposed algorithm utilizes predicted low frequency AC coefficients to achieve better approximation and to reduce the error drift. Due to the AC prediction based on a quadratic surface model, the proposed scheme requires no additional memory compared with the previous zero-order or first-order approximation scheme. Simulation results show that the proposed scheme achieves better subjective and objective quality with minor additional operations.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2006년도 심포지엄 논문집 정보 및 제어부문
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• pp.21-23
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• 2006

Due to development of Internet network environments and data compression techniques, the size and amount of multimedia data has greatly increased. They are compressed before transmission or storage. Dealing with these compressed data such as video retrieval or indexing requires the decoding procedure most of the time. In video retrieval and indexing a color histogram is one of the most frequently used tools. We propose a novel scheme for extracting color histograms from images transformed into the compressed domain using $8{times}8$ DCT(Discrete Cosine Transform). In this scheme an averaged version of original image is obtained by filtering DCT coefficients with a filter we destined.