• 대한환경공학회지
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.270-279
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• 2012

본 연구에서는 남극 장보고기지 건설 시 발생하는 온실가스 배출량을 자재생산단계와 시공단계로 구분하여 산정하였다. 또한, 시공단계의 배출원은 각각 해양수송과 내륙수송, 건설장비 사용, 건설캠프 운영으로 분류하여 온실가스 배출량을 구체적으로 산정하였다. 전과정평가 개념을 도입해 남극 장보고기지 건설에 투입되는 자재생산을 통해 배출되는 온실가스 배출량은 기지 건설에 따른 전체 온실가스 배출량의 23.8%에 해당하는 8,933 ton (as $CO_{2eq}$)으로 산정되었으며, 향후 남극 신규기지의 건설 시 자재생산을 통한 온실가스 배출이 반드시 고려해야 할 대상인 것으로 판단되었다. 남극 장보고기지 시공단계(총 2단계)에서의 온실가스 배출량은 1단계에 비해서 2단계에 비교적 많이 배출되었으며, 이는 2단계 때 수송화물선이 부산까지 회항하여 정박하므로 연료사용량이 증가하기 때문인 것으로 사료된다. 또한, 시공단계의 온실가스 배출원 가운데 해양수송이 내륙수송, 건설장비 사용 및 건설캠프 운영에 비해 다량의 온실가스를 배출하는 것으로 판명되었다. 남극 장보고기지 건설에 따른 자재생산단계와 시공단계를 통합한 전체 온실가스 배출량은 총 34,486 ton (as $CO_{2eq}$)으로 기존 남극기지 포괄적 환경영향평가(CEE)상에 제시된 온실가스 총배출량과 비교 시 다량의 온실가스가 배출되는 것으로 나타났다. 이는 기존 CEE상에 제시된 온실가스 배출량 산정 시 건설에 투입되는 자재생산을 통해 발생하는 온실가스 배출량 산정이 고려되지 않고, 단순히 자재수송 및 시공단계만을 고려하여 온실가스 배출량을 개략적으로 산정하였기 때문으로 판단된다.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제32권6호
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• pp.575-582
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• 2016

Seoul city has high population density as well as high traffic congestion, which are vulnerable to exposure of environmental pollutions caused by car traffic. However, recent studies are only on local regions about road traffic and air pollution or health effect of road traffic on residents. Thus, comprehensive study data are needed in terms of overall Seoul regions. In this study utilized the nitrogen dioxide concentration through the national air pollution monitoring network data, 2012 to 2013. It also divided regions into high and low exposure districts via the Origin destination data developed by the Korea transport institute to quantify and evaluate the effect of transport policies and analyzed a correlation of asthma symptoms with high and low exposure districts through raw data of community health survey from the Korea centers for disease control and prevention. Based on the collected data, the pearson's correlation analysis was conducted between air pollution substance concentration and high exposure district and multiple logistic regression analysis was conducted to determine the effect of traffic environment and factors on asthma symptoms of residents. Accordingly, the following results were derived. First, the high exposure district was higher concentrations of nitrogen dioxide ($NO_2$) as per time compared to those of the low exposure district (p<0.01). Second, analysis on correlation between average daily environmental concentration in the air pollution monitoring network and road traffic showed that nitrogen dioxide had a significant positive correlation (p<0.01) with car traffic and total traffic as well as with truck traffic (p<0.05) statistically. Third, an adjusted odds ratio about asthma doctor's diagnosis in the high and low exposure districts was analyzed through the logistic regression analysis. With regard to an adjusted model 2 (adjusted gender, age, health behavior characteristics, and demographic characteristics) odds ratio of asthma doctor's diagnosis in the high exposure district was 1.624 (95% CI: 1.269~2.077) compared to that of the low exposure district, which was significant statistically (p<0.001).

• 한국산업보건학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2010

Objectives : The purposes of this study were to evaluate exhaust ventilation systems(EVSs) and to suggest problems and improvements. Methods : For 50 small and medium-sized enterprises, we carried out evaluation of EVSs. We evaluated hoods with smoke tester and measurement of capture velocity. In addition, we used several indicators for performance evaluation designed in this study. Results : 1. Based on the smoke flow pattern and the criteria of occupational health and safety act, 67.8% of hoods were rated 'good' level at smoke test whereas 26.3% were rated 'good' level at measurement of capture velocity. 2. 29.3% of hoods, of which ratio of measured actual air flow at hood(Qah) to required ideal exhaust air flow at hood(Qih) was 1 or more, were rated 'good' level. 3. The % of EVS, of which ratio of measured actual air flow at stack(Qast) to total required ideal exhaust air flow at hood(Qith) was 1 or more, was 29.0%. 4. For the ratio of measured Qast to existing air flow at fan(Qfan), only 5% of EVSs were 1 or more and 26.0% were 0.8 or more but less than 1.0. 5. For the ratio of measured Qast to total measured actual exhaust air flow at hood(Qath), 74.0% were 0.8 or more but less than 1.0. 6. The percentage of EVS, of which ratio of total measured Qath to existing Qfan was 0.8 or more, was 19.0%. 7. The percentage of EVS, of which ratio of total measured Qath to total required ideal exhaust Qith was 1 or more, was 26.0%. 8. For the comprehensive evaluation indicators designed in this study, 29.0% were 0.8 or more. Conclusions : We found that few exhaust local ventilations at small and medium-sized enterprises were rated 'good' level and that most exhaust local ventilations had 'poor' design and installation. Therefore, relevant professional manpower and enterprises have to construct exhaust local ventilation where it is needed, and technical guidance and economic support are needed to improve 'poor' exhaust local ventilation after self-evaluation.

• Toxicological Research
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.227-240
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• 2015

Recent amendment on the Food Sanitation Act in Korea mandated the Minister of Food & Drug Safety to secure the scientific basis for management and reevaluation of standards and specifications of foods. Especially because the current food safety control is limited within the scope of 'Farm to Market' covering from production to retail in Korea, safety control at the plane of true 'Farm to Fork' scope is urgently needed and should include 'total diet' of population instead of individual food items. Therefore, 'Total Diet Study (TDS)' which provides 'closer-to-real' estimates of exposure to hazardous materials through analysis on table-ready (cooked) samples of foods would be the solution to more comprehensive food safety management, as suggested by World Health Organization and Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Although the protection of diets from hazards must be considered as one of the most essential public health functions of any country, we may need to revisit the value of foods which has been too much underrated by the meaningless amount of some hazardous materials in Korea. Considering the primary value of foods lies on sustaining life, growth, development, and health promotion of human being, food safety control should be handled not only by the presence or absence of hazardous materials but also by maximizing the value of foods via balancing with the preservation of beneficial components in foods embracing total diet. In this regard, this article aims to provide an overview on TDS by describing procedures involved except chemical analysis which is beyond our scope. Also, details on the ongoing TDS in Korea are provided as an example. Although TDS itself might not be of keen interest for most readers, it is the main user of the safety reference values resulted from toxicological research in the public health perspective.

• Toxicological Research
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.241-253
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• 2015

Furan ($C_4H_4O$) is a volatile compound formed mostly during the thermal processing of foods. The toxicity of furan has been well documented previously, and it was classified as "possible human carcinogen (Group 2B)" by the International Agency for Research on Cancer. Various pathways have been reported for the formation of furan, that is, thermal degradation and/or thermal rearrangement of carbohydrates in the presence of amino acids, thermal degradation of certain amino acids, including aspartic acid, threonine, ${\alpha}$-alanine, serine, and cysteine, oxidation of ascorbic acid at higher temperatures, and oxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids and carotenoids. Owing to the complexity of the formation mechanism, a vast number of studies have been published on monitoring furan in commercial food products and on the potential strategies for reducing furan. Thus, we present a comprehensive review on the current status of commercial food monitoring databases and the possible furan reduction methods. Additionally, we review analytical methods for furan detection and the toxicity of furan.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.259-268
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• 2016

대중교통중심개발(TOD)을 위한 핵심전략은 철도역을 중심으로 보행권내에서 고밀도의 복합토지이용을 유도하는 방안을 마련하는 것이다. 해외에서는 이미 역세권을 중심으로 보행시설의 통합정비를 위한 제도를 마련하고, TOD를 효과적으로 추진해왔다. 그러나 국내는 종합적인 보행정비의 중요성에도 불구하고, 역세권 중심의 통합보행인프라 구축에 대한 방향설정이 부족하다. 따라서 우선 역세권 주변의 보행시설의 통합정비에 대한 평가기준을 마련하여 TOD 개선에 대한 판단근거로 활용하는 것이 시급하다. 본 연구는 TOD의 효과 평가를 위해 역사 건물내부와 주변지역을 통합하여 보행의 원활한 정도를 평가하는 네트워크 모형을 제안한다. 모형은 철도 역사와 주변지역을 일체화된 보행 네트워크 상의 흐름으로 간주한다. 보행자가 선택한 경로는 최소시간 경로라고 정의하여 Wardrop의 이용자 균형(1952) 개념을 확대 적용하였다. 보행통로의 혼잡상황, 엘리베이터의 용량한계, 횡단보도의 대기와 같이 보행시설에서 나타나는 다양한 행태를 고려하기 위해서 변동부등식기반의 보행자 균형배정모형을 제안한다.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제34권6호
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• pp.1919-1924
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• 2014

최근 기후변화로 인해 극한강우사상의 빈도 및 강도가 증가함에 따라 과거 기준에 의해 설계 시공되어 현재 운영 중인 댐의 수문학적 안전성에 의문이 제기되고 있다. 이에 따라 댐을 증고하거나 여수로를 확장/신설하는 방안이 추진되고 있는데, 이러한 대안을 선정할 때 월류 가능성에 매몰된 나머지 하류 홍수피해를 간과하는 경향이 있다. 이에 본 연구는 회복탄력성의 개념을 도입해 종합적인 홍수조절기능의 관점에서 댐의 안전성 강화 대안을 평가할 수 있는 프레임워크를 제시하였다. 제시된 프레임워크를 활용해 기 수행된 사례에 적용한 결과 각 대안에 따른 홍수유출특성이 선정과정에서 중요한 요소로 평가되어야 함을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 한국산업보건학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.27-34
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• 2013

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to calculate the worker-DNEL (Derived No Effect Level) values using the REACH guidance and compare the calculated DNELs with existing Korea occupational exposure limits (KOELs) for evaluation of the applicability of the worker-DNELs as provisional occupational exposure limits for chemicals that are not established KOELs in the workplace. Methods: The worker-DNELs for 46 chemicals among 113 hazardous substance requiring management were calculated using the REACH guidance, and a paired t-test was performed to see if there is any statistical difference between two lists (worker-DNELs vs KOELs). The ratios of KOELs over worker-DNELs were also calculated to compare the overall levels of two lists using the geometric means method. Results: The calculated worker-DNELs for 46 chemicals ranged from 0.001 to $329mg/m^3$ (GM= 6.9, GSD = 10.8), and appeared to be a significant difference between the worker-DNELs and the KOELs (p < 0.01). In addition, the ratios of KOELs over worker-DNELs ranged from 0.3 to 394 times (GM = 10.2, GSD = 3.9), indicating that the worker-DNELs were, on average, 27 times lower than the KOELs. Conclusions: Therefore, the study results show that the calculated worker-DNELs can be applied and used as provisional occupational exposure limits in the workplace in order to reduce worker exposures to chemicals and health risks, and manage potential worker exposures based on the precautionary principle through comprehensive chemical risk assessment.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제38권6호
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• pp.1013-1020
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• 2018

급속한 산업화와 인구증가에 따라 많은 사람들이 도시에서 살기 위해 이동하고 있다. 이러한 도시화는 건설 및 개발 활동에 따라 도심지내 불투수성 면적을 증가시키며, 이로 인해 지하수위가 낮아지고 유역내 첨두홍수량이 커지며 토양유실이 증가한다. 토양과 수자원을 보전하기 위해서 전세계적으로 유역 관리 사업이 시행되고 있다. 따라서 토양 및 수자원의 보전기술을 활용하여 전체 유역에 대하여 평가하는 것이 바람직하다. 본 연구에서는 한국, 대만 및 필리핀의 녹색건물인증제도(GBRS)의 물관리 관련 항목에 대하여 논의하였다. 또한 G-SEED(한국), BERDE(필리핀), EEWH(대만)의 용수관리 기술의 평가기준을 적용하고 비교하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 포괄적인 유역평가 시스템 개발에 활용될 것으로 기대된다. 정량적인 유역평가기준은 미래의 수자원 관련 잠재적 위험도를 파악하고 보다 효율적이고 효과적으로 대응할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• 농촌계획
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.21-28
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• 2021

Since 2001, the Pangyo district multipurpose rural water development project has been promoted as a new target project for stable supply of agricultural water and improvement of the living environment of rural areas in Seocheon-gun. Detailed data analysis and logic must be reinforced, focusing on the items reorganized by the reorganization of the preliminary feasibility study. The purpose of this study is to promote the smooth promotion of projects by conducting a policy effect assessment following the reorganization of the preliminary feasibility study system. This study conducted a policy assessment of agricultural infrastructure improvement project for preliminary feasibility study. The policy assessment is divided into three parts: project implementation conditions, policy effects and special assessments. The newly established policy effect is to assess the job effects, living conditions impact, environmental evaluation, and safety evaluation that contribute to the quality of life. Sixteen policy assessment items were selected and evaluated quantitatively and qualitatively. The results of the study are expected to provide basic data for the comprehensive judgment of the preliminary feasibility study of agricultural infrastructure improvement project in the future.