• Archives of design research
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.263-274
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• 2002

This study aims to analyze the image of long-span structures. For the intention, it analyzes the relationship between images and physical attributions of elements such as materials, stresses, configurations, compositions and shapes of structures. The image of structures can represent following 5 factors; friendly-unfriendly, strong-weak, dynamic-calm, superior-inferior, and regular-irregular. The friendly-unfriendly in the image of structure mostly determines on a finished material and partly with a structural shape. The strong-weak in the image of structure determines on configuration of the structural members. The dynamic-calm in the image of structure determines on the structural shape. Hence the structure has dynamic forms when it seems to be open and sharp, namely when it receives the flow of forces in the structural shape, and it has a (-) gauss curved rate or an diagonal appearance. The superior-inferior in the image of structure determines on composition of structural elements. The structure seems to be superior is contributed not simply to support load but positively to create design as a tectonic element. From now on, this study can provide the useful information on the long-span structure design through the more appropriate analysis of the image.

• Journal of the Korean Society for information Management
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.101-121
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• 2018

This study proposes the analysis method in sentence semantics that can be automatically identified and processed as appropriate items in the system according to the composition of the sentences contained in the data corresponding to the logical semantic structure metadata of the research papers. In order to achieve the purpose, the structure of sentences corresponding to 'Research Objectives' and 'Research Outcomes' among the semantic structure metadata was analyzed based on the number of words, the link word types, the role of many-appeared words in sentences, and the end types of a word. As a result of this study, the number of words in the sentences was 38 in 'Research Objectives' and 212 in 'Research Outcomes'. The link word types in 'Research Objectives' were occurred in the order such as Causality, Sequence, Equivalence, In-other-word/Summary relation, and the link word types in 'Research Outcomes' were appeared in the order such as Causality, Equivalence, Sequence, In-other-word/Summary relation. Analysis target words like '역할(Role)', '요인(Factor)' and '관계(Relation)' played a similar role in both purpose and result part, but the role of '연구(Study)' was little different. Finally, the verb endings in sentences were appeared many times such as '~고자', '~였다' in 'Research Objectives', and '~었다', '~있다', '~였다' in 'Research Outcomes'. This study is significant as a fundamental research that can be utilized to automatically identify and input the metadata element reflecting the common logical semantics of research papers in order to support researchers' scholarly sensemaking.

• Journal of Nuclear Fuel Cycle and Waste Technology(JNFCWT)
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.207-215
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• 2020

The feasibility of rare earth (RE) removal process via oxidation reactions with UCl₃ was investigated using the HSC Chemistry code to reduce the concentrations of RE in transuranic (TRU) products. The composition and thermodynamic data of TRU and RE elements contained in the reference spent fuel were examined. The reactivity was evaluated by calculating equilibrium data considering oxidation reactions with UCl₃. Both RE removal rate and TRU recovery rate were evaluated for the two cases, wherein TRU products with different RE concentrations were used. When TRU products were reacted with UCl₃, selective oxidation was driven by the difference in the Gibbs free energy of each element. The calculation results imply that the TRU/RE ratio of the final product can be increased by removing RE elements while maintaining the maximum recovery rate of TRU, which is accomplished by controlling the amount of UCl₃ injected. Since the results of this study are based on thermodynamic equilibrium data, there are many limitations to apply to the actual process. However, it is expected to be used as an important data for the process design to supply the TRU product of pyroprocessing to SFR's fuel demanding low RE concentrations.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.374-384
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• 2020

This study was carried out to investigate the food value of Dae Hong(Prunus mume Siebold et Zucc), and also to analyzed contents of general component, free sugar, organic acid, amino acid, mineral element, and vitamins. The carbohydrate of Dae Hog showed the highest content of 46.8±0.92%, followed by crude protein(18.9±0.01%), moisture content(11.8±0.13%), and crude fiber, crude fat, ash(5.7±0.94~6.7±0.52%). In case of free sugar contents, 5 types were found. Most of them were mannitol and fructose. 6 mineral contents were also found, too; K and P showed the highest level. The total phenol content was 615.99±0.52 mg/100 g. Including seven different type of essential amino acids, the total amino acid content of Dae Hong was 121.42 mg/g. These results point out the potential of Dae Hong as innovative food for health or to be incorporated in new products as natural food preservatives and supplements.

• Resources Recycling
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.15-21
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• 2015

Waste plastic differs in its speed of combustion owing to its variety in composition as well as kinds of plastic. This study is aimed at examining the thermal weight analysis and determination of its kinetics in order to derive the design element in pyrolysis of RPF (Refused Plastic Fuel) as the plastic solid fuel. Based on the result of TGA (Thermogravimetric analysis), kinetic characteristics were analyzed by using Kissinger method which are the most common method for obtaining activation energy, and experimental conditions of TGA were set as follows: in a nitrogen atmosphere, gas flow rate of 20 ml/min, heating rate of $5{\sim}50^{\circ}C/min$, and maximum hottest temperature of $800^{\circ}C$. The method used for determining the property of waste plastic when thermally decomposed was thought feasible as the basic data in deciding the performance, design, and optimal operating condition of the reactor in the actual reactor.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.13 no.6 s.59
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• pp.960-976
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• 2005

Classicism pursued beauty comprised of a perfect form, and beauty was perceived as a state of sufficiency. Accordingly, a completed and permanent beauty was sought after; as a result, a perfect and flawless form became the mainstream, and there was an effort to visualize the eternal proportional perfection. In classicism, forms were perfectly embodied with systematic inevitability and absolute inflexibility, by which an extremely clear aspect appeared. This study analyzes a classical construction paradigm in modern fashion according to the five categories: 'Harmony and order by numerical proportion', 'Clear form', 'Simplification of form and two-dimensional Seh-form', 'Completed contracture structure', and 'Pluralistic unification', and the respective formative characteristics are as follows. First, in terms of the formative aspect of modern fashion,'Harmony and order by numerical proportion' results from thorough observance of extreme and golden section (proportion of 5 :8) which was an aesthetic standard of beautiful body in classicism. Second, 'Clear form' appears in clothes as individual clearness of structural elements expressing each part of body, and shows a well-established form possible to be grasped with equal and clear contour line. Third,'Simplification of form and two-dimensional Seh-form' comes out as form composition, single line, single layer structure, two-dimensional form and arrangement of elements of clothes through the front viewpoint caused by 2D diagramming work while fashion-designing and producing. Also, it is seen that two-dimensional proportion which is composed of sections through various harmonious lines and sides according to the simple two-dimensional compatibility principle is accomplished. Fourth, 'Completed contracture structure' emerges as an expression of stationariness, in other words, fixation of an overall impression. This is a tendency that the overall form is grasped as a fixedly intact shape without a big change of the silhouette of clothes. Fifth, 'Pluralistic unification' means that it respectively emphasizes all the parts composing clothes by making them individually independent at the same time as each element is inclusively shown with the harmony of the overall silhouette of clothes and many other details. This study examined classical formative characteristics through a theoretical research on a formative paradigm revealing the classical style. Also, the significance of classical or rational value of art was illuminated by observing what characteristics a classical formation paradigm shows in modern fashion. As a result, classical characteristics in modern fashion prove that classicism is not a merely past construction style separated from the present but a construction paradigm deeply involved in our reason system.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.318-328
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• 2017

In order to provide basic data for the ecological management of forest vegetation in Southern Naeyeon Mountains, A total of 149 sample plots were selected and vegetation survey was carried out by the phytosociological method of the ZM school to classify vegetation types and to grasp ecological characteristics. The forest vegetation was divided into 10 types in terms of species composition, and had a unit hierarchy of 2 community groups, 4 communities, 6 sub-communities and 6 variants. A total of 19 types of physiognomic vegetation were identified based on uppermost dominant species, of which 18 were natural vegetation and 1 was artificial vegetation. As a result of the analysis of the importance values of constituent species, Quercus mongolica, a potentially natural vegetation element, was found to be relatively more important in most stands than other species, and excluding the artificial interference, most of the areas except for some sites would be changed to Q. mongolica forest. In order to understand the spatial distribution of forest vegetation, 1/5,000 large-scale physiognomic vegetation map was created by the uppermost dominant species. As a result, natural vegetation accounted for 98.2%, the number of vegetation patches was 733 and the average area per patch 3.93ha.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.425-443
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• 2004

Fluvial terraces is poorly developed along Bukhan River in Central Korea. Altitude from riverbed of T1 terraces are 18-29m, T2 terraces 2539m, respectively. Rubification index of T2 is 0.66, T1 is 0.54, and thickness of gravel weathering rind on gneiss of T2 are 14.0mm, granites of T2 are $\infty$, gneiss of T1 are 5.0mm and granites of T2 are 8.0mm, because weathering in deposits of T2 terraces, older than T1, is severer than T1 terraces. Since deposits in T2 have more active and longer weathering than T1, SiO$_2$/Al$_2$O$_3$ is 3.32 in T2 and 4.06 in T1, and SiO$_2$/R$_2$O$_3$ is 2.64 in T2 and 3.19 in T1. CIA(Chemical Index of Alteration) is 87.85％ in T2 and 85.88％ in T1. Kaolinite and halloysite are founded in deposits of T2 indicating high weathering, and are founded gibbsite made tv eluviation of kaolinite. However, deposits of T1 have no kaolinite, and are found plagioclase, weak mineral in weathering process. Comparing to previous researches by estimated age as altitude from riverbed, rubification index, thickness of gravel weathering rind, element contents and mineral composition, forming age of T2 terraces in Bukhan River are estimated in marine oxygen isotope stage 6 (130-190ka), and T1 terraces are marine oxygen isotope stage 4(59-74ka).

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.148-169
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• 1994

The concept of biologic attachment of load-bearing implants has developed over the past decades as an alternative to the difficulties associated with long term implantation using mechanical fixation and bone cement. The choice of implant material is also as critical an element as site preparation or insertion procedure. The properties of implants that affect host tissue responses are not limited to chemical composition alone, but also include shape, surface characteristics, site of implantation, and mechanical interaction with host tissues. Initial mechanical interlocking prevents micromotion and may be a prerequisite for direct bone apposition. A hard tightening of screws does not necessarily mean a stronger fixation and final tightening of the fixtures is dependent on the experience of the operator. Removal torque is lower than insertion torque. The purpose of this study was to investigate differences in the removal torques at the bone-implant interface of polished and sandblasted Titanium. This experiment will give insight into important factors that must be considered when interpreting in vivo screwing forces on implants during the connection of the transmucosal abutments. We evaluated the significance of different surface textures by comparison of the withdrawal forces necessary for removal of otherwise identical rough and polished implants of Titanium and also evaluated interfacial response on the light microscopic level to implant surface. And the priority of the area of insertion on osseointegration were evaluated. 9 Titanium implants - among them, 3 were for the developmental - of either a smooth or rough surface finish were inserted in the dog mandible in the right side. 3 months later Kanon Torque Gauge was used to unscrew the implants. The results were as follows : 1. No significant difference was seen in the removal torque due to variation in surface treatment, 23 Ncm for the sandblasted and 23.33 Ncm for the polished surface (p>0.05). 2. Implants in the anterior (25 Ncm) mandible showed better resistance to unscrewing in comparison to ones in the posterior (18 Ncm) region (p<0.05). 3. Developmental fixtures (22 Ncm) had similar pullout strength to the control group (p>0.05).

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.8 no.5
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• pp.589-597
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• 1998

In order to effectively utilize marine processing by-product such as fish scale, chemical compositions for the scale were analyzed. The selected fishes were gray mullet, Mugil cephalus, living in the sea and carp, Cyprinus carpio in the fresh water, having a lot of scales among the fishes living in seawater and fresh water. And we also investigated the difference in the chemical compositions between gray mullet and carp, depending on both living circumstances. The major components of the scales were found to be crude ash and crude protein which were each about 49% for gray mullet and which were about 20% and 79% for carp, respectively, on the basis of dried scales. The proteins extracted from both scales proved to be collagen through amino acid compositions and SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoretic patterm. Also this scale collagen was assumed to by Type I collagen because the migration rate of $\alpha$1 and $\alpha$2 subunit of the collagen were almost the same those as calf skin Type I collagen. Most of proteins from gray mullet was collagen, however, the collagen content in proteins from carp was estimated to be only about 53%, on the basis of the ratio of hydroxyproline to protein. The crude ashes of both scales identified to be hydroxyapatite through element compositions and X-ray diffraction analysis. In conclusion, both fishes in different living circumstances were almost similar to in the chemical compositions but chemical contents for crude ash and crude protein.