• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.37-49
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• 2011

연구목적: 간접 복합레진 수복은 직접 수복의 여러 문제점들을 극복하는 대안으로 적용 빈도가 증가하고 있지만 간접 수복물의 특성상 치아 삭제 전 술자에 의해 결정된 색상을 기공 과정 동안 재현해야하기 때문에 기준이 되는 shade guide와 실제 간접수복용 레진간의 색상의 일치성이 요구되며, 치아의 다양한 표면의 광학적 특성을 부여하기위한 법랑질 특성의 복합레진의 광학적 특성에 대한 정보가 필요하다. 연구 재료 및 방법: 본 연구에서는 이러한 간접 복합레진 수복재료의 색상 특성을 알아보기 위해 간접수복용 레진인 Tescera ATL (Bisco, USA)의 Body composite의 색상과 동일한 색상 기호의 Vitapan shade guide 간의 색차를 알아보고, Body composite와 Incisal composite의 적층 수복 시 색상 변화 양상을 분석하고자 시행하였다. 직경 5 mm, 두께 3 mm의 원기둥형 Body composite 시편을 각 색상 당 9개씩 제조사의 지시에 따라 제작하고, 표면 연마 후 분광광도계(NF999, Nipon Denshuku, Japan)을 이용해 색상(CIE $L^*a^*b^*$)을 측정하고 Vitapan shade guide의 색상을 측정하였다. 색상 측정이 끝난 Body composite에 9 색상의 Incisal composite를 1 mm 두께로 적층하고 중합, 연마 한 후 적층면의 색상을 측정하였으며, Incisal composite를 0.5 mm 두께만큼 연마한 후 다시 색상을 동일한 측정 기기로 측정하였다. 결과: Tescera ATL과 Vitapan shade guide의 동일한 색상 간에 최소 6.88, 최대 12.80의 큰 색차(${\Delta}E^*$)를 보였으며, 모든 색상에서 시각적으로 확연한 차이를 보였다. 모든 색상의 Body composite에서 적층한 Incisal composite의 색상에 관계없이 Incisal composite의 두께가 두꺼워 질수록 Body composite 과의 색차가 증가하였다(p < 0.05). 또한 $L^*$값과 $b^*$값은 Incisal composite의 두께가 두꺼울수록 감소하는 양상을 보인 반면 $a^*$값은 큰 변화를 보이지 않았다. 결론: 이상의 결과로 Tescera ATL을 이용한 간접 복합레진 수복 시 색상 결정에 있어 기존의 shade guide의 사용은 부적절하며, 동일한 재료로 제작한 개별적인 shade guide가 필요하리라 사료되며, Incisal composite 적용 시 색상 변화에 대한 정확한 정보를 바탕으로 신중한 적용이 필요하리라 사료된다.

• 한국소음진동공학회논문집
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.335-343
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• 2012

As a matter of fact, it has been not allowed to modify the shape of a vehicle body skeleton since the technical definition for the structure was fixed and the corresponding molds were developed. By the way, if it is available to apply an alternative to reinforce the skeleton without changing its mold, it must be much flexible to improve the performance qualities relevant to not only NVH(noise, vibration and harshness) but also crash and durability. Recently, a solution of so-called composite body becomes available for the need. We present a design method to insert the composite body inside a vehicle body skeleton in order to improve a structure-borne noise at the idle condition. The algorithms, topology optimization and design sensitivity analysis, are applied to mainly search the sensitive structural sections in the body skeleton and to extract the target stiffness of the sections. Inserting the composite bodies into the sensitive portions, it is predicted to achieve the countermeasures which can compromize the design availability in terms of the idle noise and weight. According to the validation result with test vehicles, the concerned noise transfer function is reduced and the idle booming noise is resultantly improved.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 1999년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.437-446
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• 1999

The structural behavior of the composite material light rail vehicle body are investigated. Composite material is very useful for light rail vehicle structure due to its high specific strength and lightweight characteristics. The main carbody is made of aluminum alloy. The side wall and roof with composite panels can reduce total vehicle weight about 2000kg. In addition, with the lower density of the foam, enhances lightness in the panel and to save the operation expenses. The finite element analysis code, ANSYS is used to evaluate the stability of the body structure under the various load conditions.

• 한국철도학회논문집
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.39-44
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• 2007

This rafer explains a durability test of a large train car body made of carbon/epoxy composite material. The composite car body with the length of 23m was manufactured as a sandwich structure composed of an aluminum honeycomb core and CF1263 woven fabric carbon/epoxy faces. In order to evaluate durability of the composite car body, it was excited by two 500kN capacity hydraulic actuators installed underneath the body bolster. The natural frequency of the composite car body under full weight condition was found to be 4.33Hz. Based on this result, the excitation frequency and displacement of 5Hz and ${\pm}1.0mm$, respectively, were used as inputs for the durability test. The test was conducted for $2{\times}10^6$ cycles. During the test, the nondestructive tests using X-ray radiography and dye penetration method was performed to determine the presence of the cracks. Upon completion of the test, no cracks were found.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.512-522
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• 2015

The aim of this study was to investigate the change in women's somatotype with aging. The subjects were 1,123 women aged 40~69. Their anthropometric data were from the 6th Size Korea. The data were analyzed by factor analysis and cluster analysis. Seven factors were extracted: body mass, body length, back shoulder, arm length factor, front interscye factor, body rise factor, and shoulder angle. The upper body types of middle-aged and elderly women were classified into five types: skinny, short stout body type with forward posture, composite, tall & full body type, and short & skinny. The skinny and composite body type appeared more often than the short stout body type in the early 40s of Korean women. Starting in the mid-50s, composite body type was less often found. However, the number of women with short stout body type increased. In the 60s, the number of women with short stout and tall & full body types decreased. These results reveal that the body types of middle-aged and elderly women changed with some pattern with aging. And women in their early 40s, mid-50s, and 60s women had different body shapes and postures.

• International Journal of Fluid Machinery and Systems
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.47-55
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• 2016

The portable hydraulic turbine we previously developed for open channels comprises an axial flow runner with an appended collection device and a diffuser section. The output power of this hydraulic turbine was improved by catching and accelerating an open-channel water flow using the kinetic energy of the water. This study aimed to further improve the performance of the hydraulic turbine. Using numerical analysis, we examined the performances and flow fields of a single runner and a composite body consisting of the runner and collection device by varying the airfoil and number of blades. Consequently, the maximum values of input power coefficient of the Runner D composite body with two blades (which adopts the MEL031 airfoil and alters the blade angle) are equivalent to those of the composite body with two blades (MEL021 airfoil). We found that the Runner D composite body has the highest turbine efficiency and thus the largest power coefficient. Furthermore, the performance of the Runner D composite body calculated from the numerical analysis was verified experimentally in an open-channel water flow test.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2008년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.596-601
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• 2008

Larger amount of composite materials are used for light train. These days even the body structure of the coach was made by composite materials. In this study, we made the fire simulation with FDS by HRRPUA method for the passenger coach of carbon-epoxy composite material body structure. For the body structure fire resistance verification, 1.8 liters of gasoline were selected for fire source. For the interior fire case, 4.0 liters of gasoline fire source was selected as Daegu fire accident case.

• 한국복합재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국복합재료학회 2003년도 춘계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.65-68
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• 2003

Using composite materials for lilting train system has many advantages such as manufacturing variety, specific high-strength & stiffness characteristics, and long-life durability, but the strongest advantage could be the possibility of lightweight product. In the leading countries, the composite materials are used for the material fer drivers' cabs, interior/exterior equipments for railway train, and it is now developing the composite materials applied for the train car body structure. In this paper, we examine the use of composite materials for the drivers' cabs and interior/exterior equipments for the developing tilting train in Korea, and review the car body design using composite materials.

• 동력기계공학회지
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.47-53
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• 2010

A stabilizer link connects the stabilizer bar to the lower arm of the suspension. When a vehicle is turning, lateral forces from the tire are transmitted through the stabilizer link into the stabilizer bar. The stabilizer bar will twist, thus adding rigidity to the vehicle body. In this study, the stabilizer link body was manufactured by using composite material with POM-GF25%. Therefore, the strength evaluation of stability link body with composite material carried out from tensile, wear and fatigue test. The tensile strength between the stability link body with composite material and the rod with knurling was the largest of four types of rod. In Analyzing materials property using optical sensing technique of stabilizer link for automobile parts, its has been identified the safety.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2000년도 춘계학술대회논문집A
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• pp.109-114
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• 2000

A research fur development of composite body panel is in progress for lightening tare. In this study, experiments on estimation of mechanical properties of LPMC (Low pressure molding compound) including fatigue and impact characteristics were carried out. The experiments show that LPMC satisfied basic requirements of car body panel. The fatigue life of LPMC was predicted and the material degradation due to fatigue and impact were fined out.