• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.176-182
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• 2000

홍삼의 물 추출물, 알코올 추출물, 지용성 추출물, 총 사포닌, PD 및 PT 각 홍삼 추출물을 생리식염수에 녹여 50mg/kg/0.1ml용량으로 4주령 수컷 생쥐에게 15일간 경구투여 하여 생쥐 간으로부터 항산화 효소(GPX)의 활성도 변화와 GSH, GSSG 및 MDA의 함량 변화에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. GPX의 활성도는 PD, PTTS순으로 활성도가 높은 것으로 조사되었으며, 항산화 물질인 환원형 GSH 또한 같은 순으로 증가하는 것으로 사되었다. 한편 GSSG 함량은 지용성 추출물, PD, 알코올 추출물 순으로 감소하는 것으로 조사되었다. 동물조직세포내의 산화환원반응과 해독작용상태의 평가에 중요한 GSSG/total GSH비율은 지용성 추출물, PD, 총 사포닌 순으로 감소하는 것으로 조사되었다. 활성 산소에 의해 생성된 지질과산화의 최종산물인 MDA의 함량은 GSSG/total GSH 비율의 조사 결과와 비슷한 경향을 보였다 이와 같은 결과를 종합하여 볼 때 항산화 효소 활성과 항산화 물질 활성 증대를 강화시키는 홍삼 성분으로는 지용성 추출물, PD 및 총 사포닌인 것으로 조사되었으며, 이러한 성분들이 산화적 손상에 대한 방어기전 향상에 좋은 것으로 생각된다.

• 한국잠사곤충학회지
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.17-30
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• 1990

주성분분석에 의하여 분류된 148개 보존잠품종중에서 제일주성분 score에 따라 10개의 교배모품종을 선발한 후 (정등, 1989), 이들로부터 Top-교잡에 의해 24개 교배조합을 작성하고 조합능력검정을 행함과 동시에 주성분과 교배조합능력과의 상호관계를 분석하였다. 1. 선발된 육종모품종중에서 일본종계 N$_{39}$ 및 중국종계 $C_{46}$ 이 대부분의 형질에서 일반조합능력이 높았다. 2. 특정조합능력은 형질 또는 교배조합에 따라 차이가 심하였다. 3. 육종모품종의 제1주성분 score는 5영경과일수, 전령경과일수, 수견량, 전견중, 견층중, 견층비율, 견사장, 견사량, 해서사장, 생사량비율, 소절등의 일반조합능력과 고도의 정의 상관관계가 있었다. 4. 유사도거리(D$^2$)는 수견양, 해서사장, 해서사량, 해서율, 생사량비율, 소절등의 특정조합능력과 정의 상관이 있었다. 따라서 교배조합의 양친이 원연일수록 이들 5개형질에 대한 특정조합능력은 높게 나타났다. 5. 육종모품종의 특성을 이용한 주성분분석의 제1주성분 score에 의해 일반조합능력의 예측이 가능하였다.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.310-316
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• 1997

The effects of carbide and matrix structures on the abrasion wear resistance of multi-component white cast irons with 3.0 mass%C have been studied in this paper. Four different heats were poured in order to obtain the specimens with different combinations of the carbide structures: a basic iron(3.0 mass%C-5.0 mass%Cr-5.0 mass%V-5.0 mass% Mo-12.5mass%W)for M$_{6}$C and M$_{7}$C$_{3}$ carbides, and a Cr free iron(3.0 mass%C-5.0 mass%V-2.5mass%Mo-12.5 mass%W) for MC and M6C carbides. A conventional high Cr free free iron(3.0 mass%C-5.0 mass%V-2.5 mass%Mo-12.5 mass%W) for MC and M6C carbides. A conventional high Cr white cast iron was also poured to compare its wear resistance with those of the multi-component white cast irons. In the as-cast condition, the range of abrasive wear rate(Rw=mg/min) was from 4.15 to 5.98 . The lowest Rw, which means the highest wear resistance, was obtained in the basic iron with nodular MC, lamellar M$_{2}$C and cellular M$_{7}$C$_{3}$ carbides. On the other hand, the Rw of the high Cr white cast iron ranked between the basic iron and the Mo and W free iron. In each alloy, the Rw of air hardened or tempered specimen was lower than that of the as-cast one because of the change of matrix structures by the heat treatments. The Rw of the hear treated speci-mens increased in the order Mo and W free iron, basic iron, Cr free iron, high Cr iron, and V free iron.n.n.n.

• 대한약리학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.45-55
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• 1976

The effect of positive inotropic agents on the contractile properties of myocardial muscle were studied in the cat papillary muscle preparation. For the purpose, the effects of ouabain $(1{\times}10^{-6}g/ml)$, norepinephrine (0.05r/m1) and Aconiti tuber butanol fraction (AF(5), $1{\times}10^{-4}$, $5{\times}10^{-4}$, $1{\times}10^{-3}$, $2{\times}10^{-3}g/ml$) on the contractile dynamics of the papillary muscle preparation isolated from right ventricle of cat were observed in terms of the characteristics of isometric twitch and the lengh-tension relation, the force-velocity relation and the load-extension relation of the series elastic component of contractile model of A.V. Hill. All the studied inotropic drugs similary increased the rate and the intensity of the developed isometric tension, while shortened the time from onset of contraction to peak tension and the total duration of contraction. In the afterloaded simultaneous isotonic and isometric contraction, they also similary increased the maximal velocity of shortening accompanied with the increasing the maximum developed force. In the load-extension relation all the drugs, however, had no appreciable influence on the properties of the series elastic component. Increasing the concentration, Aconiti tuber butanol fraction produced more pronounced effect on all the studied parameters of isometric and isotonic contraction of cat papillary muscle preparation. From the aspect of contractile dynamics, it seemed that the positive inotropic effect of ouabain, norepinephrine and Aconiti tuber butanol fraction are similary achieved through an influence on the behavior of the contractile component only.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.159-164
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• 2011

This study examined the emission characteristics of impure gas-like hydrogen sulfide and siloxane contained in landfill gas (LFG) and investigated the effect of impure gas on LFG utility facilities. As a result of an LFG component analysis from eight landfills in the same environment, hydrogen sulfide averaged 436 ppmv (22-1,211 ppmv), and the concentration of total siloxane averaged 7.95 mg/$m^3$ (1.85-21.18 mg/$m^3$). In case of siloxane concentration by component, the ratio of D4 (average 3.79 mg/$m^3$) and D5 (average 2.64 mg/$m^3$) indicated the highest level. Different kinds of scales were found on the gas air heater (GAH) and inside the boiler. The major component of scale from the GAH was $Fe_2O_3$ of 38.5%, and it was caused by hydrogen sulfide. Other scale was found on the bottom and the wall of the boiler and the scale was silicon dioxide of 92.8% and 98.9%. The silicon dioxide scale was caused by combustion of siloxane. As a result of a scanning electron microscopy analysis, the structure of the silicon dioxide scale from the boiler was an immediate filamentous type. Consequently, as silicon dioxide scale is bulky, such bad effects were worsening, as an interruption in heat conduction, increase in fuel consumption, damage to the boiler by overheating, and clogged emission pipeline could occur in LFG utility facilities.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제35권12호
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• pp.1635-1640
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• 2011

본 논문의 목적은 수치해석을 통한 자동차 와이퍼 소켓 부품 제작용 오버몰딩 금형의 냉각 시스템 설계이다. 초기 금형설계에 대한 수치해석을 수행하여 제품내 높은 온도 분포를 나타내는 열집중 영역을 도출하였다. 열집중 영역의 냉각특성 개선을 위하여 직선형 냉각수로와 체적 열 흡수부의 2 가지 냉각시스템을 고려하였다. 직선형 냉각수로의 설계를 도출하기 위하여 냉각수로의 직경과 위치가 냉각 특성과 제품 품질에 미치는 영향을 정량적으로 분석하였다. 또한 체적 열 흡수부 설계가 제품 냉각 특성과 변형에 미치는 영향을 고찰하였다. 최종적으로 체적 열 흡수부가 추가된 다중 슬라이스 오버몰딩 금형이 냉각 특성과 제품품질을 동시에 향상시킬 수 있음을 알 수 있었다.

• 대한한의학방제학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.129-149
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• 2003

Liver is an important target of the toxicity of drugs, xenobiotics and oxidative stress. Acetaminophen pverdose causes acute liver injury in both humans and animals. This study was performed to observe the effect of sachunwhan and its component groups on recovery of hepatoxicity in acetaminophen treated rats. The experimental group was divided into 4 groups: sachungwhan(SC), samultang group(SC-1: 當歸, 川芎), chungyul group(SC-2: 龍膽草, 大黃, 梔子), and haepyo group(SC-3:羌活, 防風). Under the same condition Normal group was fed basal diet and water; Control group was injected acetaminophen and fed basal diet for 2 weeks; Experimental groups were injected acetaminophen and fed each extracts for 2 weeks respectively. The results were obtained as follows: 1. In the study on antioxidative defense system in vivo, SC reduced the amount of lipid peroxide in both serum and liver and showed activity on antioxidative enzymes such as catalase, glutathion. Other groups had effect only on glutathion. 2. In the study on hepatotoxicity(GOT, GPT, ${\gamma}$-GTP, ALP, LDH, Bilirubin), SC had a significant effect on recovery of hepatoxicity in acetaminophen treated rats. Other groups had no effect except SC-1 having effect on ${\gamma}$-GTP. As results shown, only Sachungwhan(SC) has significant effects on recovery of hepatoxicity and antioxidative defense system in vivo. These results suggest that Sachungwhan(SC) made antioxidative defense system active and it seemed to be very important to its effect on recovery of hepatoxicity. In the other hand, Component groups had no effect on recoverv of hepatoxicity and antioxidative defense system in vivo. This was thought that component drugs' cooperative synergy effect would be important to Sachungwhan(SC)'s effects mentioned in this paper.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제27권11호
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• pp.1961-1970
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• 2017

Lespedeza cuneata G. Don is a traditional herb that has been associated with multiple biological activities. In this study, we investigated the antioxidative/antiaging activities and performed an active component analysis of the non-fermented and fermented (using Lactobacillus pentosus) extracts of Lespedeza cuneata G. Don. The antioxidative activities of the fermented extract were higher than those of non-fermented extracts. The elastase inhibitory activity, inhibitory effects on UV-induced MMP-1 expression, and ability to promote type I procollagen synthesis were investigated in Hs68 human fibroblasts cells. These tests also revealed that the fermented extract had increased antiaging activities compared with the non-fermented extract. A component analysis of the ethyl acetate fractions of non-fermented and fermented extracts was performed using TLC, HPLC, and LC/ESI-MS/MS to observe changes in the components before and after fermentation. Six components that were different before and after fermentation were investigated. It was thought that kaempferol and quercetin were converted from kaempferol glucosides and quercetin glucosides, respectively, via bioconversion with the fermentation strain. These results indicate that the fermented extract of L. cuneata G. Don has potential for use as a natural cosmetic material with antioxidative and antiaging effects.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.348-356
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• 2019

This study evaluated the dermal cytotoxicity of sodium bromate (NaBrO₃) and the protective effect of Aster tataricus L. (AT) extract against NaBrO₃-induced cytotoxicity in the cultured NIH3T3 fibroblasts. For this study, it was done the antioxidative effects such as electron donating (ED) activity and lipid peroxidation (LP) activity as well as cell viability. NaBrO₃ significantly decreased cell viability in a dose-dependent manner and its XTT₅₀ value was measured at a concentration of 54.4 μM in these cultures. The cytotoxicity of NaBrO₃ was determined as highly-toxic by Borenfreund and Puerner's toxic criteria. The quercetin, antioxidant significantly increased cell viability against NaBrO₃-induced cytotoxicity. Regarding the protective effect of Aster tataricus (AT) L. extract on NaBrO₃-induced cytotoxicity, AT extract significantly increased the cell viability, the ED ability and the inhibitory ability of LP. From these findings, it suggested that the oxidative stress is involved in the cytotoxicity of NaBrO₃, and AT extract effectively protected NaBrO₃-induced cytotoxicity by antioxidative effects. Conclusively, the natural component like AT extract may be a putative therapeutic agent for the diminution or treatment of the cytotoxicity correlated with oxidative stress like hair dye component, NaBrO₃.

• 자원환경지질
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• 제52권1호
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• pp.81-90
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• 2019

본 연구는 이차원 DFN(discrete fracture network) 시스템에서 절리의 빈도 및 길이분포에 따른 절리텐서의 성분 및 일차불변량이 DFN의 블록수리전도 특성에 미치는 영향을 평가하였다. 확정적인 두 방향의 절리군을 사용하여 절리군의 빈도와 길이분포에 따라 생성된 총 36개의 DFN 시스템에서 각각 매 $30^{\circ}$ 간격으로 설정된 수두경사에 따른 블록수리전도도와 절리텐서의 성분 간의 상관성 분석이 수행되었다. DFN 블록의 블록수리전도도는 이에 직교하는 방향의 절리텐서 성분과 강한 상관관계를 갖는다. 본 연구의 연결성을 유지한 DFN 시스템은 절리텐서의 일차불변량이 2.0~2.5 이상일 때 등가의 연속체 해석이 가능한 것으로 평가되었다. 절리텐서의 일차불변량은 평균 블록수리전도도와 매우 강한 함수관계를 갖으며 DFN 시스템의 블록수리전도 특성을 평가하는 데에 사용될 수 있다. 또한, 본 연구를 통하여 절리텐서의 일차불변량을 이용한 DFN 시스템의 업스케일링 가능성이 논의되었다.