• Archives of design research
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• v.14
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• pp.141-150
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• 1996

In recent years space planning for modern city has been accomplished through scientific high technique and computer supported collaborative work. Relatively human being is treated as a component of the space or whole building and according to the social structure people tend to prefer private space. The necessity of the open space as an active place is emphasized now because the interaction created between users of the space and the nature, surrounding environment can influence on improving quality of outdoor life and giving the place specific identity. In this paper three ways of analyses of components which compose the open space are studied. Especially through the process of analyses derived from differenet areas, the necessity of communication model in collaborative work is proposed.

• Transactions of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.64-75
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• 2009

The shipbuilder's requirement for a higher power output rating has led to the development of a super large two stroke low speed diesel engines. Usually a large-sized bore engine ranging from $8{\sim}14$ cylinders, this engine group is capable of delivering power output of more than 100,000 bhp at maximum continuous rating(mcr). Other positive aspects of this engine type include higher thermal efficiency, reliability, durability and mobility. This plays a vital role in meeting the propulsion requirement of vessels, specifically for large container ships, of which speed is a primary concern to become more competitive. Consequently, this also resulted in the modification of engine parameters and new component designs to meet the consequential higher mean effective pressure and higher maximum combustion pressure. Even though the fundamental excitation mechanisms unchanged, torsional vibration stresses in the propulsion shafting are subsequently perceived to be higher. As such, one important viewpoint in the initial engine design is the resulting vibration characteristic expected to prevail on the propulsion shafting system(PSS). This paper investigated the torsional vibration characteristics of these super large engines. For the two node torsional vibration with a nodal point on the crankshaft, a tuning damper is necessary to reduce the torsional stresses on the crankshaft. Hence, the tuning torsional vibration damper design and compatibility to the shafting system was similarly reviewed and analyzed.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.10 no.12
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• pp.59-69
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• 2010

The research on protein for the diseases analysis and the new medicines development is one of the most important themes in biotechnology. Since the analysis on diseases and protein needs to handle a large scale of data, we don't use the way to approach it by the experiments anymore. In recent, we have accelerated the research on diseases and protein analysis by sharing and connecting the various experimental data by combining the biotechnology with the IT technology. However, many biotechnology researchers have difficulty in handling the protein analysis tools based on the IT knowledge. In order to solve such problems, data analysis tools through the cooperation between IT researchers and biologists have been developed. However, the existing data analysis tools still have the problems that it is very hard for biologists to extend their functions and to use them. In this paper, we design and implement an effective analysis system for diseases and protein based on components that alleviates the problems of the existing data analysis systems.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.28 no.9
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• pp.57-67
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• 2012

In the design for piled rafts, the load capacity of the raft is in general ignored and the load capacities of pile are only considered for the estimation of the total load carrying capacity of the piled raft. The axial resistance of piled raft is offered by the raft and group piles acting on the same supporting ground soils. As a consequence, pile - soil - raft and pile - soil interactions, occurring by stress and displacement duplication with pile and raft loading conditions, acts as a key element in the design for piled rafts. In this study, a series of centrifuge model tests has been performed to compare the axial behavior of group pile and raft with that of a piled raft (having 16 component piles with an array of $4{\times}4$) at the stiff and soft clays. From the test results, it is observed that the interactions of piles, soil, and raft has little influences on the load capacities of piles and raft in piled rafts compared with the load capacities of group piles and raft at the same clay soil condition.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.54 no.2
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• pp.239-247
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• 2016

This study aims to examine absorption characteristics of toluene, isopropyl alcohol (IPA), ethyl acetate (EA), and ternary-compounds, all of which are widely used in industrial processes, by means of four types of commercial activated carbon substances. It turned out that among the three types of volatile organic compounds, the breakthrough point of activated carbon and that of IPA, whose affinity was the lowest, were the lowest, and then that of EA and that of toluene in the order. With the breakthrough point of IPA, which was the shortest, as the standard, changes in the breakthrough points of unary-compounds, binary-compounds, and ternary-compounds were examined. As a result, it turned out that the larger the number of elements, the lower the breakthrough point. This resulted from competitive adsorption, that is, substitution of substances with a low level of affinity with those with a high level of affinity. Hence, the adsorption of toluene-IPA-EA and ternary-compounds require a design of the activated carbon bed based on the breakthrough of IPA, and in the design of activated carbon beds in actual industries as well, a substance whose level of affinity is the lowest needs to be the standard.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.171-174
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• 2005

According as marine leisure industry has developed and the demand of leisure culture has increased rapidly, a desire about service which supply marine safety and connect marine information is enlarging. The performance of personal mobile device has improved and been evolved by composition terminal. So, it became possible that storage and expression of multimedia information as well as simple communication facility. Domestic wireless internet has given development strain to developer and contents Provider(CP) because of different platform. And this has become hindrance factor of wireless internet activation. But, recently, the use of WIPI(Wireless Internet Platform for Interoperability), the wireless internet standard platform, could use different wireless application programs and also guarantee the independency for hardware. We wish to develop contents of download form that supply geographic information of Electronic Navigational Chart(ENC) in the marine that is digitalized to carrying along terminal of WIPI base and various informations for marine leisure. For this, DB that offer ENC and additional information should be constructed. Also, we need server (CPS; Contents provider Server) that offer required contents. In this paper, we design web retrieval agent which store request information to database. When consumer required necessary information through personal mobile device, CPS can inform that by real time. So, we wish to develop agent component that parse informations in various World Wide Webs, and store to database.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.18 no.9
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• pp.2109-2116
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• 2014

This paper presents the implementation and design of the advanced WI-FI systems with beam-forming antenna that radiate their power to the direction of user equipment to improve the overall throughput, contrast to the general WI-FI systems equipped with omni-antenna. The system consists of patch array antenna, DSP, FPGA, and Qualcomm's commercial chip. The beam-forming system on the FPGA utilizes the packet information from Qualcomm's commercial chip to control the phase shifters and attenuators of the patch array antenna. The PCI express interface has been used to maximize the communication speed between DSP and FPGA. The directions of arrival of users are managed using the database, and each user is distinguished by the MAC address given from the packet information. When the system wants to transmit a packet to one user, it forms beams to the direction of arrival of the corresponding user stored in the database to maximize the throughput. Directions of arrival of users are estimated using the received preamble in the packet to make its SINR as high as possible. The proposed beam-forming system was implemented using an FPGA and Qualcommm's commercial chip together. The implemented system showed considerable throughput improvement over the existing general AP system with omni-directional antenna in the multi-user communication environment.

• Resources Recycling
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.46-55
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• 2017

In this study, the design methodology of Radial Basis Function Neural Networks is developed with the aid of Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy and also applied to the practical plastics sorting system. To identify black plastics such as ABS, PP, and PS, RBFNNs classifier as a kind of intelligent algorithms is designed. The dimensionality of the obtained input variables are reduced by using PCA and divided into several groups by using K-means clustering which is a kind of clustering techniques. The entire data is split into training data and test data according to the ratio of 4:1. The 5-fold cross validation method is used to evaluate the performance as well as reliability of the proposed classifier. In case of input variables and clusters equal to 5 respectively, the classification performance of the proposed classifier is obtained as 96.78%. Also, the proposed classifier showed superiority in the viewpoint of classification performance where compared to other classifiers.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.147-152
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• 2020

In this study, we dedicated to optimize the process for a reactive diluent for epoxy resin of improved chemical resistance by using cardanol, a component of natural oil of cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL). The central composite design (CCD) model of response surface methodology (RSM) was used for the optimization. The quantitative factors for CCD-RSM were the cardanol/ECH mole ratio, reaction time, and reaction temperature. The yield, epoxy equivalent, and viscosity were selected as response values. Basic experiments were performed to design the reaction surface analysis. The ranges of quantitative factors were determined as 2~4, 4~8 h, and 100~140 ℃ for the cardanol/ECH reaction mole ratio, reaction time, and reaction temperature, respectively. From the result of CCD-RSM, the optimum conditions were determined as 3.33, 6.18 h, and 120 ℃ for the cardanol/ECH reaction mole ratio, reaction time, and reaction temperature, respectively. At these conditions, the yield, epoxy equivalence, and viscosity were estimated as 100%, 429.89 g/eq., and 41.65 cP, respectively. In addition, the experimental results show that the error rate was less than 0.3%, demonstrating the validity of optimization.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.22 no.5 s.95
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• pp.666-680
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• 2006

To obtain basic data for the utilization of saltwort (Salicornia herbacea L.) as a functional ingredient in steamed foam cake, the optimum component ratios for major raw ingredients (saltwort, salt, and wheat flour) as independent variables that affect the product quality were scientifically determined using RSM (response surface methodology) technique. A three-factor and five-level rotational central composite design was used for treatment arrangement. The complete design consisted of 16 experimental points. The three independent variables selected for the RSM experiment were amounts of saltwort (X$_1$, 5${\sim}$25 g), salt (X$_2$, 0${\sim}$10 g), and wheat flour (X$_3$, 470${\sim}$530 g). The optimum responses in specific gravity of the batter and volume, color, texture, and sensory evaluation result of the cake were obtained. The specific gravity and viscosity of the batter at p<0.01 was verified from the regression curve. The characteristic of the batter was influenced by all independent variables, but was extremely dependent on the amount of saltwort ordinary points of the surface responses from the batter formed the minimum points for specific gravities of the batter while viscosities of the batter appeared with the saddle points. Analysis of the response indicated that the amount of saltwort was the most influential factor over the physical properties of the cake, among the dependent variables. Ordinary points of the surface responses from the cake formed the maximum points for loaf volume, hardness gumminess, and chewiness, while Hunter colorimetric parameters appeared with the saddle points. The result indicated that level of the saltwort deviating more or less from the optimal amount decreased the volume and increased the specific gravity with less tender product. Ordinary points of the surface responses of the sensory evaluation scores from the cake formed the maximum points for appearance, flavor, softness, and overall acceptability, while color values appeared with the saddle points. The result also indicated that the level of the saltwort deviating more or less from the optimal amount reduced the preference for the product. Integration of the optimum responses common to all dependent variables that overlapped all the contour maps finally indicated that the combination of 8.3${\sim}$13.8 g saltwort, 2.5${\sim}$6.6 g salt, and 486.5${\sim}$511.5 g wheat flour under the selected preparation recipe optimized the physical and sensory properties in the teamed foam cakes. Practical preparation of the product with median amounts of the ingredients, i.e., 11.0 g saltwort, 4.6 g salt, and 499.0 g wheat flour resulted in similar qualities to the predicted responses. In conclusion, these study results indicated that preparation of steamed foam cake with added saltwort ingredient could potentially produce a more nutritious product with less salt. Further research is required to acquire the optimum levels for sub-ingredients to improve the product quality.