• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.295-299
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• 2004

The antifungal activities of the essential oil from Agastache rugosa and its main component, estragole, combined with ketoconazole, one of the azole antibiotics commonly used to treat infections caused by Trichophyton species, were evaluated in this study. The combined effects were measured by the checkerboard microtiter and the disk diffusion tests, against T. erinacei, T. mentagrophytes, T. rubrum, T. schoenleinii and T. soudanense. Susceptibility of the five Trichophyton species to the oil alone, or ketoconazole alone, differed distinctly. The fractional inhibitory concentration indices (FICI) of ketoconazole combined with estragole or A. rugosa essential oil, against the tested Trichophyton species, were between 0.05 and 0.27, indicating synergistic effects. These drug combinations exhibited the most significant synergism against T. mentagrophytes, with FICIs of 0.05 and 0.09 for estragole and the essential oil fraction from A. rugosa, respectively. Isobolograms based on the data from checkerboard titer tests also indicated significant synergism between ketoconazole and the Agastache oil fraction or estragole, against the Trichophyton species evaluated. Trichophyton susceptibility to ketoconazole was significantly improved by combination with the Agastache rugosa oil fraction or its main component, estragole.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 1996.07c
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• pp.1569-1571
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• 1996

The role of ESR spectroscopy in the characterization of functional LB films is discussed. Optical absorption were performed on LB films of binary mixtures of three kinds of merocyanine dyes where DS and 6Me-DS form J-like aggregates but not DO in single component films. The observed optical absorption spectra of mixed films were markedly dependant on the combination of dyes. We found the formation of J-aggregates in a mixed merocyanine dyes containing a non J-aggregate forming dye DO, in a single component case. In structural studios, ESR is of particular important in the analysis of molecular orientation of LB films. Development of new functional LB films may provide more cases where ESR spectroscopy will clarify the nature of such films.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.917-922
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• 2008

In order to reduce energy consumption, secondary controlled system has been applied to many types of equipments. In lifting equipments or press machines using hydraulic cylinder, a hydraulic transformer is used as a control component instead of a valve for motion control and a component for recovering potential energy of load. The transformer is combination of a variable displacement pump/motor as a secondary controlled element and a fixed displacement pump/motor. Based on the nominal model derived from mathematical model, the feedback type two-degree-of-freedom controller is designed and implemented. From simulation results, the disturbances including nonlinear friction torque, leakage flow and load force can be compensated and good positioning accuracy is obtained. It show that the proposed controller is effective.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 1996.05a
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• pp.35-42
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• 1996

In this Paper, optical absorption were performed on LB films of binary mixtures of three kinds of merocranine dyes DO, DS, and 6Me-BS, where DS and 6Me-DS form J-like aggregates but not DO in single component films. The observed optical absorption spectra of mixed films were markedly defendent on the combination of dyes. [6Me-DS]$\sub$1-x/[DOl]$\sub$x/ LB films show a sharp red shifted J-like band peak in the whole concentration range. We found the formation of f aggregates in a mixed merocyanine dyes containing a non J-aggregate forming dye DO, in a single component case. Farther investigations on the present and other mixed-dye films will be needed to clarify these points.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.19 no.11
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• pp.1301-1305
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• 2009

The evolution of living organisms occurs via a combination of highly complicated processes that involve modification of various features such as appearance, metabolism and sensing systems. To understand the evolution of life, it is necessary to understand how each biological feature has been optimized in response to new environmental conditions and interrelated with other features through evolution. To accomplish this, we constructed contents-based trees for a two-component system (TCS) and metabolic network to determine how the environmental communication mechanism and the intracellular metabolism have evolved, respectively. We then conducted a comparative analysis of the two trees using ARACNE to evaluate the evolutionary and functional relationship between TCS and metabolism. The results showed that such integrated analysis can give new insight into the study of bacterial evolution.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 1996.11a
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• pp.401-404
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• 1996

Optical absorption were performed on LB films of binary mixtures of three kinds of merocyanine dyes [DO], [DS], and [6Me-DS], where [DS] and [6Me-DS] from J-like aggregates but not [DO] in single component films. The observed optical absorption spectra of mixed films were markedly dependent on the combination of dyes. [DS]$_{1-x}$ [DO]$_{x}$ LB films show a sharp red shift J-like band peak in the while concentration range. We found the formation of J-aggregates in a mixed merocyanine dyes containing a non J-aggregate forming dye [DO], in a single component case. Further investigations on the present and other mixed dye films will be needed to clarify these points.ts.

• Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.63-70
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• 2016

A housing market in an urban area is not just a single market but a combination of regionally different submarkets. This study begins with a critical mind that previous researches did not consider the spatial autocorrelation of each area where the housings are located. The clustering analysis of housing submarket which considers spatial autocorrelation is performed as it follows. First, 4 housing market attribute variables are reducted to 1 variable by principle component analysis. Then, after calculating $Gi^*max$ by AMOEBA, 7 housing submarkets which have similar characteristics based on $Gi^*max$ are classified. The characteristics of each submarket are investigated, then political implication is deduced as the following. Different level of housing policy should be made to each cluster because each cluster has different level of spatial autocorrelation.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.77-94
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• 2004

Steel beam-to-column joints are often subjected to a combination of bending and axial forces. The level of axial forces in the joint may be significant, typical of pitched-roof portal frames, sway frames or frames with incomplete floors. Current specifications for steel joints do not take into account the presence of axial forces (tension and/or compression) in the joints. A single empirical limitation of 10% of the beam's plastic axial capacity is the only enforced provision in Annex J of Eurocode 3. The objective of the present paper is to describe some experimental and numerical work carried out at the University of Coimbra to try to extend the philosophy of the component method to deal with the combined action bending moment and axial force.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.116-130
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• 2012

Service provision and consumption platforms are more and more used to enable communication between sensors, actuators and intelligent devices, since they provide mechanisms that make possible the combination of components to create composed services. However, these kinds of platforms have limitations to adapt themselves to new and unknown devices. In this work we analyze the challenge of component or bundle communication by using the Open Services Gateway Initiative (OSGi) technology and we propose three mechanisms with the aim of contributing to flexible component communication: Common Service, Specific Service and WSIF Web Service Invocation. We provide these solutions with some architectural models and validate them through different example services. Finally we compare them regarding performance, flexibility and application complexity.

• Korean Journal of Metals and Materials
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• v.48 no.6
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• pp.489-497
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• 2010

The remaining life estimation of the level luffing crane component, which has operated for about 20 years is examined carefully, especially on the crane structures. To analyse the crane sructures, the basic load and load combination needed to be considered. We modeled various parts of the level luffing crane to analyse fatigue. Fatigue analysis results showed that the level luffing crane is in the fatigue life so that the crane is in the safe state in fatigue cumulative damage. Analysis results show that the remaining life of a jib upper beam would be about 10 years therefore, the level luffing crane should be stable for fatigue for that period.