• Health Policy and Management
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.94-124
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• 2007

This paper critically reviews three decades of research on geographic variations. in health services utilization in the United States, thereby drawing policy and research implications for Korea. The recent renewed interest in variations research in the United States, precipitated by studies on regional variations in Medicare expenditures, stems mainly from the policy implication that a substantial amount of Medicare expenditures could be saved without compromising quality and access. From the research perspective, this policy implication was made tenable by integrating micro- and macro-level analysis of variations in health services utilization. Still, theoretical limitations inherent in the research pose great challenges to developing effective strategies at the health system level. Variations research in the United States can serve as a case study as to how health services research has responded to efficiency and quality issues in an ever expanding health system Considering the current health policy and research environment in Korea, the following implications can be drawn. Variations research will help formulate a national policy agenda for health care quality and also advance the framework of approaches to health policy issues. For such purposes, both relevant descriptive and hypothesis-testing studies are needed. Further advancement in variations research will require interdisciplinary explorations and methodological sophistication. To the extent that Korean health policies will strive to achieve complex goals, variations research will increasingly prove to be useful.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.127-134
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• 2022

Production management in the automobile parts industry is carried out according to the production plan of the customer, so it is important to prevent shortages in product supply. As the product composition became increasingly complex, the MES System was built for the purpose of efficient production plan management and inventory management, but its utilization is low. This study analyzed the problems of the MES system and sought to improve it. Through previous studies, it was confirmed that the inventory management of the pull approach that actually occurred in the warehouse is more suitable than the push approach based on the forecast of the warehouse for the volatility, complexity, and uncertainty of orders in the auto parts industry. To realize this, we tried distributed MRP by using the ADO function of VBA to link the standard information of the MES system with Excel and change the structure of the BOM table. Through this, it can help increase the accuracy of production planning and realize efficient inventory management, thereby increasing the utilization of the MES system in the auto parts industry and enhancing the competitiveness of the company.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.218-223
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• 1997

For the utilization of animal blood produced in slaughter for the cultivation of lactic acid bacteria, the nitrogen sources in a complex(MRS) medium were replaced by blood plasma proteins. Focusing the purpose on the industrial production of a probiotics, the hydrolytic activities of three industrially applicable proteases were compared for the effective digestion of the proteins, and Alcalase(the product of Novo Nordisk) was selected with comparatively high activity. The growth of Streptococcus thermophilus KCCM12020 was best among the four strains of lactic acid bacteria tested. With Alcalase-digested proteins in the medium, the growth rates and the final cell concentrations were higher than those with non-digested proteins. The cell mass produced in the medium containing blood proteins as nitrogen sources, $2.5{\times}10^9$ CFU/ml, was significantly high and about 70% of that in MRS medium, showing a great possibility for the utilization of animal blood proteins as economic nitrogen sources in the production of cell mass of lactic acid bacteria.

• Journal of Construction Engineering and Project Management
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.1-10
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• 2017

The Clonal Selection Algorithm (CSA) is an algorithm inspired by the human immune system mechanism. In CSA, several parameters needs to be optimized by large amount of sensitivity analysis for the optimal results. They limit the accuracy of the results due to the uncertainty and subjectivity. Adaptive Clonal Selection (ACS), a modified version of CSA, is developed as an algorithm without controls by pre-defined parameters in terms of selection process and mutation strength. In this paper, we discuss the ACS in detail and present its implementation in construction site utilization planning (CSUP). When applied to a developed model published in research literature, it proves that the ACS are capable of searching the optimal layout of temporary facilities on construction site based on the result of objective function, especially when the parameterization process is considered. Although the ACS still needs some improvements, obtaining a promising result when working on a same case study computed by Genetic Algorithm and Electimze algorithm prove its potential in solving more complex construction optimization problems in the future.

• Journal of Power Electronics
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.2067-2075
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• 2016

Cascaded H-bridge multilevel inverters are currently used because it enables the integration of various sources, such as batteries, ultracapacitors, photovoltaic array and fuel cells in a single system. Conventional modulation schemes for multilevel inverters have concentrated mainly on the generation of a low harmonic output voltage, which results in less effective utilization of connected sources. Less effective utilization leads to a difference in the charging/discharging of sources, causing unsteady voltages over a long period of operation and a reduction in the lifetime of the sources. Hence, a charge balance control scheme has to be incorporated along with the modulation scheme to overcome these issues. In this paper, a new approach for charge balancing in symmetric cascaded H-bridge multilevel inverter that enables almost 100% charge balancing of sources is presented. The proposed method achieves charge balancing without any additional stages or complex circuit or considerable computational requirement. The validity of the proposed method is verified through simulation and experiments.

• International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.367-378
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• 2021

This paper develops a dynamic regression model to quantify the contribution of key external factors to operational energy efficiency of ships. On this basis, kernel density estimation is applied to explore distribution patterns of fluctuations in operational performance. An empirical analysis based on these methods show that distribution of fluctuations in Energy Efficiency Operational Indicator (EEOI) is leptokurtic and fat tailed, rather than a normal one. Around 85% of fluctuations in EEOI can be jointly explained by capacity utilization and sailing speed, while the rest depend on other external factors largely beyond control. The variations in capacity utilization and sailing speed cannot be fully passed on to the energy efficiency performance of ships, due to complex interactions between various external factors. The application of the methods is demonstrated, showing a potential approach to develop a rating mechanism for use in the legally binding framework on operational energy efficiency of ships.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2015.10a
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• pp.232-235
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• 2015

Defect data contains experiential knowledge about specific work conditions. And the number of projects performed by a company is too limited for an individual to experience the various defects under the current complex construction environment. Therefore, in order to manage and prevent a reoccurrence of defects, a proper data feedback mechanism is required. However, most defect data are stored in unstructured ways, resulting in the fundamental problem of data utilization. In this paper, a new framework is proposed by using linked data technologies to improve defect data utilization. The target of this framework is to convert defect data to the ontology-based linked data format for sharing defect data from different data sources. To demonstrate it, some technical solutions are implemented by using real cases. The proposed approach can reduce data search time and improve the accuracy of search results as well. Moreover, the proposed approach can be applied to other domains that need to refer to external sources such as safety, specification, product, and regulation.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.19 no.11
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• pp.1623-1628
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of complex ergogenic aid supplementation on endurance performance, energy substrate utilization (glucose, FFA) and blood fatigue factors (ammonia, lactate, phosphorous, pH, 5-HT) in endurance exercise. Subjects (male=10) took in complex ergogenic aid (180 ml/day) for 4 weeks and were tested after pre-test. Endurance performance times increased after supplementation compared to before supplementation. However, there was no additional accumulation of the fatigue materials. Thus the complex ergogenic aid supplementation caused the delay of the fatigue material accumulation during endurance exercise.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.680-686
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• 2018

Nitrogen fertilizers, hairy vetch, and slow-release complex fertilizers were applied to the soil during the cultivation of crops. The impact of these factors on $N_2O$ emission was quantitatively assessed and the GHGs reduction effect comprehensively evaluated. Among the three factors, the significant factors affecting $N_2O$ emission were mineral nitrogen>soil moisture>temperature. Yield and fertilizer utilization efficiency were highest in the slow-release complex fertilizer treatment. There was no significant difference in $N_2O$ emissions between the slow-release complex fertilizer treatments and the NPK+hairy vetch treatments. Comprehensive results showed that slow-release complex fertilizers treatment has high yield and fertilizer utilization efficiency but low $N_2O$ emission.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.1522-1530
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• 2014

High-rise residential complex type is getting important as new town development and urban regeneration in the downtown area. However, literature review of high-rise residential complex and research on satisfaction analysis of real residents are lack. Therefore, this paper is analyzing environmental friendly planning elements of high-rise building as housing subdivision, inside of building, facility, and maintenance by a survey on experts. The purpose of this paper is to suggest improvement method of environmental-friendly planning elements of high-rise residential complex by M-IPA. First, as a result, the part of housing subdivision has to keep complex land utilization, environmental-friendly transportation. Second, the part of inside of building shows that ecological housing subdivision, indoor air environment urgent and indoor temperature environment keeps maintaining. Finally, the part of facility/maintenance shows that material and facility, and index of energy management are urgently needed.