• ETRI Journal
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.51-61
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• 2022

In this paper, we introduced a novel voxel-wise UV parameterization and view-dependent texture synthesis for the immersive rendering of a truncated signed distance field (TSDF) scene model. The proposed UV parameterization delegates a precomputed UV map to each voxel using the UV map lookup table and consequently, enabling efficient and high-quality texture mapping without a complex process. By leveraging the convenient UV parameterization, our view-dependent texture synthesis method extracts a set of local texture maps for each voxel from the multiview color images and separates them into a single view-independent diffuse map and a set of weight coefficients for an orthogonal specular map basis. Furthermore, the view-dependent specular maps for an arbitrary view are estimated by combining the specular weights of each source view using the location of the arbitrary and source viewpoints to generate the view-dependent textures for arbitrary views. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method effectively synthesizes texture for an arbitrary view, thereby enabling the visualization of view-dependent effects, such as specularity and mirror reflection.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.19 no.11
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• pp.1547-1552
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• 2009

This study was carried out to evaluate the supplementation effect of dietary natural plant extracts (NP: $Coxynil^{(R)}$, $Growell^{(R)}$ and $Respowell^{(R)}$) on broiler chickens. Forty thousand male broilers with 7 days adaptation after hatching were fed experiment diets for 34 days. The supplementation effects of NP on growth performance, blood parameters and biopsy were examined with twenty thousand broilers as the treatment group. Twenty thousand broilers for the control group (CON) were fed the diet with salinomycin-6, clopidol-25, enramycin-1, and BMD-2.5. In the diet of the treatment group, the antibiotics were replaced with 0.03%, 0.035% and 0.03% of $Coxynil^{(R)}$, $Growell^{(R)}$ and $Respowell^{(R)}$, respectively. The weight gain of the treatment group was increased but the feed intake was decreased, indicating that feed efficiency was increased compared to the CON. The mortality of the NP group was also lower compared to the CON group (1,008 birds to 1,693 birds), showing positive dietary effects from natural plant extracts. In the activity of infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) and new cattle disease virus (NDV) antibodies, the NP showed lower antibody titer levels for both of IBDV and NDV compared to the CON. The levels of total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, globulin, and IgG in blood did not show significant differences between the groups. In the microscopic tissue analysis, no significant differences were detected. These results may suggest that a complex of three natural plant extracts can be used as alternative antibiotics in broilers.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartB
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• v.15B no.2
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• pp.137-146
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• 2008

Fault localization plays a significant role in enormous distributed system because it can identify root cause of observed faults automatically, supporting self-managing which remains an open topic in managing and controlling complex distributed systems to improve system reliability. Although many Artificial Intelligent techniques have been introduced in support of fault localization in recent research especially in increasing complex ubiquitous environment, the provided functions such as diagnosis and prediction are limited. In this paper, we propose fault localization for self-managing in performance evaluation in order to improve system reliability via learning and analyzing real-time streams of system performance events. We use probabilistic reasoning functions based on the basic Bayes' rule to provide effective mechanism for managing and evaluating system performance parameters automatically, and hence the system reliability is improved. Moreover, due to large number of considered factors in diverse and complex fault reasoning domains, we develop an efficient method which extracts relevant parameters having high relationships with observing problems and ranks them orderly. The selected node ordering lists will be used in network modeling, and hence improving learning efficiency. Using the approach enables us to diagnose the most probable causal factor with responsibility for the underlying performance problems and predict system situation to avoid potential abnormities via posting treatments or pretreatments respectively. The experimental application of system performance analysis by using the proposed approach and various estimations on efficiency and accuracy show that the availability of the proposed approach in performance evaluation domain is optimistic.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.47 no.4
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• pp.333-340
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• 2021

In this study, Rosa multiflora was sampled through extraction, concentration, and freezing. The antioxidant efficacy of a mixture of R. multiflora extract and ascorbic acid was compared with a single ascorbic acid. The purpose of this study was to analyze the antioxidant efficacy through the synergistic effect of R. multiflora extract and ascorbic acid. The experiment measured electron donating ability, ABTS+ radical scavenging, SOD-like activity, xanthine oxidase inhibition activity, reducing power, FRAP, polyphenolic content measurement, and flavnoid content measurement. As a result, the complex showed higher antioxidant activity than the control group (ascorbic acid) in the electron donating ability test and the xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity test. In the case of the flavonoid content experiment, it was confirmed that RMW+A (272.1 mg QE/g), RME+A (90.6 mg QE/g), and RMW+A (79.4 mg QE/g) at a concentration of 100 ㎍/mL had a higher flavonoid content than the control group (19.0 mg QE/g). Therefore, the extract and ascorbic acid complex exhibited a synergistic effect compared to the single use. Therefore, it is thought that this complex will contribute to product stabilization and skin aging inhibition when used in antioxidant cosmetics.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.59-67
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• 2024

LS-RUG-com preparation in a complex extract from mixture of three natural plants. Rubus crataegifolius/unriped, Gardenia jasminoides and Ulmus marcrocarpa that have been widely used in traditional functional health food. This study was conducted to establish the HPLC analysis methods that can be used to establish quantitative analysis of R. crataegifolius, G. jasminoides and U. macrocarpa for standardization of LS-RUG-com preparations. HPLC analysis methods for simultaneous determination of ellagic acid and geniposide and single determination of catechin-7-O-β-D-apiofuranoside were established for the quality control of natural plants complex (LS-RUG-com). Validation of HPLC analysis were performed by checking specificity, accuracy, precision, limit of detection and quantitation, and linearity following ICH (International Council for Harmonisation) guideline. As the result of quantitative analysis, the contents of ellagic acid, geniposide and catechin-7-O-β-D-apiofuranoside in each plant extracts were 11.2 mg/g (ellagic acid) and 72 mg/g (geniposide) and 10.2 mg/g (catechin-7-O-β-D-apiofuranoside). The contents of ellagic acid, geniposide and catechin-7-O-β-D-apiofuranoside in LS-RUG-com were 4.62~6.82 mg/g (ellagic acid), 19.2~28.8 mg/g (geniposide) and 1.36~2.04 mg/g (catechin-7-O-β-D-apiofuranoside) respectively.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.348-352
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• 2007

Inflammation is a complex process resulting from a variety of mechanisms. Combined inhibition of the activities of enzymes involved in the process may therefore be considered more important in anti-inflammatory property of plant extracts than any single contribution. In this study, the inhibitory effects of the ethanol extracts of thirty plant foods on the activities of secretory phospholipase $A_{2}$ ($sPLA_{2}$), cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and 12-lipoxygenase (12-LOX) were examined. Several legumes, mungbean sprout and some leaf vegetables inhibited the activity of $sPLA_2$, upstream enzyme of inflammation pathway. Only soybean sprout and mungbean sprout significantly inhibited 12-LOX activity. Although most of extracts inhibited the activities of both COX-1 and COX-2, water dropwort and amaranth showed selectivity for the inhibition of COX-2 over COX-1. Especially, mungbean showed anti-inflammatory property at both upstream and downstream of inflammation pathway with relatively low $IC_{50}$ values for $sPLA_{2}$ and COX-2 enzymes. Mungbean sprout exhibited inhibitory effects on all enzymes related to early and late inflammation and soybean sprout suppressed 12-LOX and COX-2 simultaneously, although the activities of these plants were showed at relatively high concentration. Therefore, mungbean, mungbean sprout, and soybean sprout appear to exhibit anti-inflammatory effects by combined inhibition of inflammatory enzymes.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.32 no.2 s.57
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• pp.105-110
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• 2006

This study was to describe the differences in efficacy and effect of herbal extracts by the part and solvent extraction from the medical plants used as materials of oriental herbs cosmetics. And, this study was to apply to the test method of efficacy and effect related to the antioxidation as herbal extracts, complex of actual ingredient, not existing analytical methods of single ingredient. After screening the medical plants with the antioxidative activity primarily and selecting 11 sorts of medical plants to be used by the part in the literature, this study was to confirm the differences through the well-known test methods like DPPH radical scavenging activity test and hydroxyl radical scavenging activity test. For examples, in case of Trachelospermum asiaticum, compared with the aerial part and fruit, the value of DPPH radical scavenging activity test had $25.2 {\pm} 0.2$ and $62.4 {\pm}1.6$ each. It has shown that the value of fruit had 2.4 times higher effect than the one of aerial part. In case of hydroxyl scavenging activity test, it was effective in the fruit, but it has shown that there was no effect on the aerial part. It showed the same phenomena in some other plants. From the result above, this researcher could understand that it needed to consider extracting the medical plants or plants with the active principle by the part. Also, this study was to confirm the differences in effect according to the solvent as it changed the solvent extraction after selecting a plant (Lithospermum erythrorhizon) widely used for medicine and dye. As a result of measuring the actual value of superoxide scavenging activity test, this study was to consider that there were differences by the part or solvent extraction in extracting and using the medical plants as it has shown that the effect differences produced $10{\sim}80%$ according to the solvent. When it was applied to the products, this study has shown that it needed to decrease the possible errors.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.339-354
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• 1991

Localization and characterization of the antigenic components of sparganum which induced IgG and IsM antibodies in the host were studied by immunohistochemical techniques and SDS-PAGT and Western blotting. The antigen recognized by IgG antibody of rats or mice which were immunised by infection or injection of crude extracts of metacestodes of Spirometra erinacei, was located in the parenchyme of sparganum, especially at the cortex and around the calcareous corpuscles. The immunoreaction was demonstrated not only in the encysted fibrous wall of host but around the arterioles or venules in the connective tissue of host. The antigen recognized by IgM antibody of rats or mice was also observed in the parenchyme of sparganum and in the connective tissue of host. By 5∼20% gradient SDS-PAGE and EIBT, we detected antigenic components by IgG and 1gG antibodies of the rat or mouse immunized by infection or injection of crude extract of spargana. Twenty-three antigenic bands from crude extracts of spargana were recognized by IgG antibody and 15 components by IgM antibody of immunized rats. Out of the bands recognized by IgG and IgM antibodies, 15 were cross-reacted each other. Twenty components of eBlcretory-secretory proteins from spargana were recognized by IgG, and 5 components by IgM antibody of immunized rats. By IgG and IgM antibodies of immunized mice, 16 components of crude extracts were recognized by IgG antibody and 9 components by IgM antibody. Twenty components of excretory-secretory preparation were recognized by IgG antibody and 5 components by IgM antibody. Thirteen components of crude extracts were cross-reacted by IgG antibody of rats and mice.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.114-119
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• 1998

Intensity and stability of the blue color of phospho-molybdate complex in P analysis are known to be influenced by the matrix, reducing regent and acidity of the extractants. Objective of this research was to compare the efficiency of the color-developing reagents for P concentrations in distilled water and extracts of Lancaster, Mehlich II, and Mehlich III methods. Efficiencies on which to base this study were evaluated by the optimum ranges of P, reproducibility of calibration curve and stability of the developed color. Color-developing reagents employed were ammonium molybdate-1,2,4- aminonaphtholsulfonic acid (ANS), ammonium molybdate-ascorbic acid-bismuth subcarbonate (AB), and ammonium molybdate-ascorbic acid-antimony potassium tartarate (AA). The ANS revealed the lowest sensitivity but the widest ranges for P concentrations in color development. On the other hand, the AA bore the narrowest color-developing ranges and its sensitivity was similar to AB. However, at P concentrations lower than $0.5mg\;L^{-1}$, AA was more sensitive than AB. Based on the data on the ranges of calibration curve, stability of color and reproducibility of analytical data. AA reagent was considered to be suitable for the determination of P in distilled water and AB reagent was practically recommendable for soil P analysis in extracts by Lancaster, Mehlich II, and Mehlich III procedures.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.585-597
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• 2003

Porphyromonas gingivalis has been implicated as an important periodontophathic bacterium in the etiology and progression of periodontal diseases. It has been reported that P.gingivalis may mediate periodontal destruction not only directly through its virulence factors, but also indirectly by including complex host mediated inflammatory reponses. The purpose of this study was t o evaluate the effects of P.gingivalis on the bone formation and resorption by osteoblasts. For this purpose, after determining the concentration below which sonicated P.gingivalis extracts (SPEs) have no cytotoxicity on mouse calvarial primary osteoblastic (POB) cells, we investigated the effects of SPEs on the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) expression (MMP-2, -9, 13), and prostaglandin $E_2$ ($PGE_2$) release in POB cells by treatment with SPEs below that concentration. The results were as follows; 1. SPEs showed no cytotoxic effect on POB cells up to a concentration of 1 ${\mu}m$/ml. 2. The treatment with SPEs reduced ALP activity in a dose-dependent manner in POB cells, In addition, when we investigated the effect of SPEs (1 ${\mu}m$/ml) on ALP activity for different exposure periods, statistically significant inhibition of ALP activity was shown at 2 days of exposure, and further significant inhibition occurred by extending the periods of exposure. 3. The treatment with SPEs stimulated the gene expression of MMP-9 in POB cells. 4. The pre-treatment with SPEs increased the amount of $PGE_2$ released in POB cells. In summary, the present study shows that P.gingivalis could inhibit osteogenesis and stimulate bone resorption not only by reducing ALP activity but also by increasing MMP-9 mRNA expression in osteoblasts, possibly through an endogenous $PGE_2$ pathway. In addition, our results suggest that if P.gingivalis affects osteoblasts in early differentiation stage, such effects by P. gingivalis could be irreversible.