• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.57 no.6
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• pp.557-566
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• 2004

Background : To find out effectiveness of multimodality treatments based on induction chemotherapy(CTx) in patients with clinical stage IIIA NSCLC Methods : From 1997 to 2002, 74 patients with clinical stage IIIA NSCLC underwent induction CTx at the hospital of Chungnam National University. Induction CTx included above two cycles of cisplatin-based regimens(ectoposide, gemcitabine, vinorelbine, or taxol) followed by tumor evaluation. In 30 complete resection group, additional 4500-5000cGy radiotherapy(RTx) was delivered in 15 patients with pathologic nodal metastasis. 29 out of 44 patients who were unresectable disease, refusal of operation, and incomplete resection were followed by 60-70Gy RTx in local treatment. Additional 1-3 cycle CTx were done in case of induction CTx responders in both local treatment groups. Results : Induction CTx response rate were 44.6%(complete remission 1.4% & partial response 43.2%) and there was no difference of response rate by regimens(p=0.506). After induction chemotherapy, only 33 out of resectable 55 ones(including initial resectable 37 patients) were performed by surgical treatment because of 13 refusal of surgery by themselves and 9 poor predicted reserve lung function. There were 30(40.5%) patients with complete resection, 2(2.6%) persons with incomplete resection, and 1(1.3%) person with open & closure. Response rate in 27 ones with chest RTx out of non-operation group was 4.8% CR and 11.9% PR. In complete resection group, relapse free interval was 13.6 months and 2 year recur rate was 52%. In non-complete resection(incomplete resection or non-operation) group, disease progression free interval was 11.2 months and 2 year disease progression rate was 66.7%. Median survival time of induction CTx 74 patients with IIIA NSCLC was 25.1months. When compared complete resection group with non-complete resection group, the median survival time was 31.7 and 23.4months(p=0.024) and the 2-year overall survival rate was 80% and 41%. In the complete resection group, adjuvant postoperative RTx subgroup significantly improved the 2-year local control rate(0% vs. 40%, p= 0.007) but did not significantly improve overall survival(32.2months vs. 34.9months, p=0.48). Conculusion : Induction CTx is a possible method in the multimodality treatments, especially followed by complete resection, but overall survival by any local treatment(surgical resection or RTx) was low. Additional studies should be needed to analysis data for appropriate patient selection, new chemotherapy regimens and the time when should RTx be initiated.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.265-270
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• 2019

Purpose: Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and melanoma have been considered 'radioresistant' due to the fact that they do not respond to conventionally fractionated radiation therapy. Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) provides high-dose radiation to a defined target volume and a limited number of studies have suggested the potential effectiveness of SRS in radioresistant histologies. We sought to determine the effectiveness of SRS for the treatment of patients with radioresistant brain metastases. Materials and Methods: We performed a retrospective review of our institutional database to identify patients with RCC or melanoma brain metastases treated with SRS. Treatment response were determined in accordance with the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors. Results: We identified 53 radioresistant brain metastases (28% RCC and 72% melanoma) treated in 18 patients. The mean target volume and coverage was 6.2 ± 9.5 mL and 95.5% ± 2.9%, respectively. The mean prescription dose was 20 ± 4.9 Gy. Forty lesions (75%) demonstrated a complete/partial response and 13 lesions (24%) with progressive/stable disease. Smaller target volume (p < 0.001), larger SRS dose (p < 0.001), and coverage (p = 0.008) were found to be positive predictors of complete response to SRS. Conclusion: SRS is an effective management option with up to 75% response rate for radioresistant brain metastases. Tumor volume and radiation dose are predictors of response and can be used to guide the decision-making for patients with radioresistant brain metastases.

• Journal of Medicine and Life Science
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.95-102
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• 2022

This retrospective study aimed to investigate whether there was a difference in the success rate of removal of residual thyroid tissue in patients with the same cutoff serum thyroglobulin (Tg) value-measured 2 weeks after thyroid hormone withdrawal (THW)-for different radioactive iodine (RAI) activities. We identified 132 patients with papillary thyroid cancer who were treated with total thyroidectomy and RAI therapy to evaluate the efficacy of three radioactivities of I-131: 1,110, 3,700, and 5,550 MBq. Serum Tg testing was performed 1 week before RAI treatment and 2 weeks after THW (pre-Tg); the cutoff pre-Tg level was below 10 ng/mL. Stimulated Tg levels were measured on the day of I-131 administration (off-Tg). After 6 months of treatment, we compared the groups for complete ablation, defined as no uptake on a diagnostic I-131 scan, stimulated Tg level of <1.0 ng/mL, and Tg antibody level of <100 ng/mL. Ninety-five patients (72.0%) achieved complete ablation, with 57.1% (8/14), 78.2% (68/87), and 61.3% (19/31) in the 1,110 MBq, 3,700 MBq, and 5,550 MBq groups, respectively. There was no significant difference in the complete ablation rates between the three groups. In the multivariate analysis, the off-Tg level was a significant predictor of complete ablation. RAI therapy with low radioactivity (1,110 MBq) seemed sufficient for ablation in patients with papillary thyroid cancer with a pre-Tg level below 10 ng/mL. The off-Tg level is a promising and useful predictor of complete ablation after initial RAI therapy.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Plant Pathology Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.68.1-68
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• 2003

When plants are infected by plant pathogens, typical disease symptom termed lesion, appears in compatible interaction. Whereas, in incompatible interactions, only small speck of lesions are visible on the leaf surfaces. Hypersensitive response (HR) of plant which is the result of infection by incompatible pathogens, is a well known defense response inducing rapid cell death resulting in complete resistance. However, some rice mutants show spontaneous disease symptoms during the growth stages without interaction with pathogens. We investigated the spontaneous cell death mutant called Blast Lesion Mimic(BLM) generated by EMS mutation, on the relationship with the hypersensitive response as well as resistant characteristics. Accumulation of phenolic compounds were detected around the lesions as lesions develop on leaf surface. Activation of PR gene was detected before the lesion appeared, and that result indicates the defense-related response are started earlier than lesion formation. The BLM mutant showed resistant response to inoculation of Magnaporthe grisea KJ201 with which the wild type Hwacheong is totally susceptible. Informations on the formation of spontaneous lesions and detail analysis of lesion mimic mutants and related genes are very limited to date. It is really important to understand the phenomenon of the defense-related lesion formation for developing resistant cultivar for rice blast pathogens

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Computer Information Conference
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• 2012.07a
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• pp.187-190
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• 2012

This paper proposes an one-time authentication system for web applications by making use of the quick-response code, which is widely used nowadays. The process is not time-consuming. It does not require any browser extensions or specific hardware to complete a task. The system uses QR code which is basically a two-dimensional black and white image encoding a piece of digital information. When a user logs into a site, the web server will generate a challenge encoded to form a QR code. The user captures a picture of QR code with a mobile camera which results in decoding the QR code. The challenge shall be sent back to the server; the web server then logs the PC browser in. The authentication using Challenge-Response is easy to understand and the process is fast. The system proposes the improvement of usability and security of online authentication.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.39-55
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• 1993

Modal Analysis is the process of characterizing the dynamic properties of an elastic structure by identifying its modes of vibration. A mode of vibration is a global property of an elastic structure. That is, a mode has a specific natural frequency and damping factor which can be identified from response data at practically any point on a structure, and it has a characteristic mode shape which identifies the mode spatially over the entire structure. Modal testing is able to be performed on structural and mechanical structure in an effort to learn more about their elastic behavior. Once the dynamic properties of a structure are known its behavior can be predicted and therefore controlled or corrected. Resonant frequencies, damping factors and mode shape data can be used directly by a mechanical designer to pin point weak spots in a structure design, or this data can also be used to confirm or synthesize equations of motion for the elastic structure. These differential equations can be used to simulate structural response to know input forces and to examine the effects of pertubations in the distributed mass, stiffness and damping properties of the structure in more detail. In this paper the measurement of transfer functions in digital form, and the application of digital parameter identification techniques to identify modal parameters from the measured transfer function data are discussed. It is first shown that the transfer matrix, which is a complete dynamic model of an elastic plate structure can be written in terms of the structural modes of vibration. This special mathematical form allows one to identify the complete dynamics of the structure from a much reduced set of test data, and is the essence of the modal approach to identifying the dynamics of a structure. Finally, the application of transfer function models and identification techniques for obtaining modal parameters from the transfer function data are discussed. Characteristics on vibration response of elastic plate structure obtained from the dynamic analysis by Finite Element Method are compared with results of modal analysis.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.227-233
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• 1988

During the period between March 1979 and August 1986, 177 patients with carcinoma of the esophagus were treated with radiotherapy in the Department of Therapeutic Radiology, SNUH. Among these, 25 patients who had incomplete treatment were excluded. So a retrospective analysis was undertaken of 152 patients who were treated by curative radiotherapy. More than $80\%$ showed response: Complete remission $(22\%)$, partial remission $(63\%)$ and no response $(15\%)$. The overall two-year and five-year actuarial survival rate were $22.9\%\;and\;13.3\%$ respectively. Prognostic factor was analyzed by its site, size, T stage, and tumor response. Patients with the best five-year survival rate were those who had the tumor no more than 5cm in length $(17\%)$ or confined to the upper third of the esophagus $(20.6\%)$. Complete responders had $34.3\%$ of 5-year actuarial survival, but no responders had $0\%$ of survival.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.156-165
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• 2019

Purpose: Prophylactic cranial irradiation (PCI) is a standard treatment for limited-stage small cell lung cancer (LS-SCLC) showing a response to initial treatment, but many patients do not receive PCI due to comorbidities or refusal. This study aims to define the patient group for whom PCI can be omitted with minimal risk. Materials and Methods: Patients with LS-SCLC who underwent radiotherapy with curative aim at our institution between January 2004 and December 2015 were retrospectively reviewed. Patients who did not receive PCI were evaluated for brain metastasis-free survival (BMFS), progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and prognostic factors for survival, and treatment outcomes were compared with a patient cohort who received PCI. Results: A total of 350 patients achieved a response following thoracic radiotherapy, and 190 of these patients did not receive PCI. Stage I-II and a complete response (CR) to initial therapy were good prognostic factors for BMFS and OS on univariate analysis. Patients with both stage I-II and a CR who declined PCI showed comparable 2-year BMFS to those who received PCI (92% vs. 89%). In patients who achieved CR, PCI did not significantly improve OS or PFS. Conclusion: There should be less concern about omitting PCI in patients with comorbidities if they have stage I-II or a CR, with brain metastasis control being comparable to those patients who receive PCI.

• Korean Journal of Bronchoesophagology
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.33-38
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• 2007

Background and Objectives: A plunging ranula represents a mucus escape reaction occuring because of the disruption of the sublingual salivary gland. It is commonly a condition of young adults, although the reported age range is 6-43 years. There is said to be a slightly female preponderance of about 1.9:1(F:M). Surgical incision has been considered the definite treatment, but sometimes complete excision is very difficult. Non-surgical treatment of these lesions has been attempted, but the results have not been satisfactory. In this study, we present our experiences with picibanil (OK-432) sclerotherapy for a plunging ranula. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 41 patients who have undergone sclerotherapy with picibanil for plunging ranula. Information was collected on age, sex, a number of injection, post-sclerotherapy side effect and outcome of treatment. Results: 17 patients (41.5%) showed a complete response, and 20 patients (48.7%) showed inter-mediate response. No response was seen in 4 patients (9.8%). As a side effect of intracystic OK-432 injection therapy, fever (26.8%) and pain(39.0%) were observed. However, fever and pain disappeared after several days in all cases. Conclusion: The results are showing that OK-432 injection is an effective and safe treatment for plunging ranula.

• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.509-516
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• 2014

Accuracy of seismic response evaluated by a capacity spectrum method (CSM) is generally known to be less than that by Incremental dynamic analysis (IDA). In this paper, a procedure for IDA based seismic fragility curves for steel moment resisting frames was suggested. This study compares seismic fragility curves using the suggested method (IDA method) with those using a CSM and intends to verify the validity of the IDA method. The shapes of both seismic fragility curves are similar in slight and moderate damage states. However, in the case of extensive and complete damage states, the fragility curves obtained from the IDA method presents a more steep slope due to less variation (or uncertainties). This is due to the fact that the IDA method can properly capture the structural response beyond yielding rather than the CSM.