• Journal of environmental and Sanitary engineering
• /
• v.15 no.3
• /
• pp.37-43
• /
• 2000

The purpose of this experimental study examine characteristics of blood pigments removal of butchery wastewater by heat processed eggshell, compare activated carbon with its efficiency. Calcined eggshell were classified into four kinds of mesh as HPES-32(Heat Processed Eggshell 32 $mesh=500{\mu}m$), HPES-48($300{\mu}m$), HPES-150($180{\mu}m$) and HPES-150($106{\mu}m$). And two contacting process of CMFA(Complete Mixing Float Adsorption) and FLFA(Fixing layer Flow Adsorption) Were used for getting removal efficiency of blood pigments. In case of using CMFA process, the removal efficiency of blood pigments was occurred as HPES-80>HPES-150>HPES-32, but in case of using FLFA process was occurred as HPES-150>HPES-80>HPES-48>HPES-32. The two results between CMFA and FLFA were differ in strength of removal efficiency of blood pigments.

• Journal of environmental and Sanitary engineering
• /
• v.14 no.2
• /
• pp.105-112
• /
• 1999

The removal characteristic of BOD, COD,T-N, and T-P was investigated in municipal wastewater treatment with anoxic and membrane submerged aerobic reactor. It was found that BOD and COD removal rate were obtained 90% and 92%, respectively, for 90 days operation. BOD and COD loading rate did not affect to the removal efficiency because MLSS concentration in aerobic tank was highly maintained.In the case of first reactor operated with anoxic and second reactor operated as aerobic, T-N, T-P removal rate were obtained 93% and 99% respectively.It was shown that removal efficiency could be maintained stable due to the complete removal of SS and sludge production decreased with increasing of sludge retention time.

• Membrane and Water Treatment
• /
• v.10 no.3
• /
• pp.201-206
• /
• 2019

In this study, we performed an electrowinning process for effective removal of metals (Cu and Ni) in solution and their recovery as solid forms. A complete removal of Cu and Ni (1,000 mg/L) was observed during four times recycling test, indicating that our electrowinning system can ensure the efficient metal removal with high stability and durability. In addition, we investigated effect of operation parameters (i.e., concentration of boric acid only for Ni, variation of pH, concentration of electrolyte ($H_2SO_4$), and cell voltage) on the efficiency of metal removal (Cu and Ni) during the electrowinning. The addition of boric acid significantly enhanced removal efficiency of Ni as the concentration of boric acid increased up to 10 g/L. Compared to negligible pH effect (pH 1, 2, and 4) on the Cu removal, we observed the increase in removal efficiency of Ni as the pH increased from 1 to 4. The electrolyte concentration did not significantly influence the removal of Cu and Ni in this study. We also obtained great removal rates of Cu and Ni at 2.5 V and 4.0 V, which were much faster than those at lower voltages. Finally, almost 99% of each Cu and Ni (1,000 mg/L) was selectively removed from the mixture of metals by adjusting pH and addition of boric acid after the completion of Cu removal. The findings in this study can provide a fundamental knowledge about effect of important parameters on the efficiency of metal recovery during the electrowinning.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
• /
• v.4 no.5
• /
• pp.509-516
• /
• 1995

The treatment performances of anaerobic-aerobic activated sludge process were investigated under various operation conditions. The treatment system proposed in this study gave a relatively stable performance against hourly change of the flow rate and showed a satisfactory removal of nitrogen and phosphorus compounds under experimental conditions. The recycle ratio of mixed liquor from aerobic to anaerobic region and peak coefficient primarily controlled the extent of nitrogen removal. The recycle ratio had the optimum values which were determined by the microbial activities of nitrification and denitrification. The behavior of the treatment unit could be simulated by using the kinetic equations and reactor models which considered the treatment units as complete mixing tanks.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
• /
• v.4 no.5
• /
• pp.123-123
• /
• 1995

The treatment performances of anaerobic-aerobic activated sludge process were investigated under various operation conditions. The treatment system proposed in this study gave a relatively stable performance against hourly change of the flow rate and showed a satisfactory removal of nitrogen and phosphorus compounds under experimental conditions. The recycle ratio of mixed liquor from aerobic to anaerobic region and peak coefficient primarily controlled the extent of nitrogen removal. The recycle ratio had the optimum values which were determined by the microbial activities of nitrification and denitrification. The behavior of the treatment unit could be simulated by using the kinetic equations and reactor models which considered the treatment units as complete mixing tanks.

• Journal of environmental and Sanitary engineering
• /
• v.16 no.1
• /
• pp.34-39
• /
• 2001

Submerged Membrane Bio-Reacter(SMBR) process was used to food wastewater treatment. From laboratory pilot-scale experiment data, it was confirmed that this process was very effective process for organics, suspended solid, and N, P treatment. It was found that BOD and COD removal rate were obtained 90% and 92%, respectively, for 150 days operation. Organics loading rate did not affect to the removal efficiency because MLSS concentration in aerobic tank was highly maintained. IN the case of first reactor operated with anoxic and second reactor operated as aerobic, T-N, T-P removal rate were obtained 93% and 95%, respectively. It was shown that removal efficiency could be maintained stable due to the complete removal of SS and sludge production decreased with increasing of sludge retention time.

• Environmental Sciences Bulletin of The Korean Environmental Sciences Society
• /
• v.1 no.1
• /
• pp.11-17
• /
• 1997

The treatment performances of anaerobic-aerobic activated sludge process were investigated under various operation conditions. The treatment system proposed in this study gave a relatively stable performance against hourly change of the flow rate and showed a satisfactory removal efficiency of nitrogen and phosphorus compounds under experimental conditions. The average removal efficiency of total nitrogen gradually decreased as the influent total nitrogen concentration was increased. High C/N ratio of the wastewater was required for the complete removal of nitrogen. Glucose as a carbon source was more efficient than starch and the removal ability for all components become higher with the increase of the fraction of glucose.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
• /
• v.1 no.1
• /
• pp.11-17
• /
• 1992

The treatment performances of anaerobic-aerobic activated sludge Process were investigated under various operation conditions. The treatment system proposed in this study gave a relatively stable performance against hourly change of the flow rate and showed a satisfactory removal efficiency of nitrogen and phosphorus compounds under experimental conditions. The average removal efficiency of total nitrogen gradually decreased as the influent total nitrogen concentration was increased. High C/N ratio of the wastewater was required for the complete removal of nitrogen. Glucose as a carbon source was more efficient than starch and the removal ability for all components become hither with the increase of the fraction of glucose.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
• /
• v.12 no.1
• /
• pp.22-25
• /
• 1996

A very important and interesting problem occasionally seen in the neck of children and adults is a branchial cleft anomaly. It is a rare congenital neck disease and presents a painless palpable mass of neck in most cases. We have retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 28 patients operated upon for branchial cleft anomaly at Department of Surgery, Chonnam University Hospital between January, 1991 and December, 1995. Three of these lesions were considered to have originated from the first branchial cleft, and 25 from the second branchial cleft. Females are about twice more common than male patients. Pathological findings showed the cysts were lined squamous epithelium and subepithelial lymphoid follicles in most cases. Five out of 28 patients with branchial cleft anomalies had previous incision procedures. All patients after complete removal of branchial anomalies have no recurrences.

• Magazine of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
• /
• v.35 no.4
• /
• pp.67-75
• /
• 1993

This study was carried out to investigate the applicability of Solid Contact Process for the improvement of Moving Media Complete Mixing Activated Sludge(MMCMAS) effluents. Laboratory MMCMAS Reactor and MMCMAS/Solid Contact were operated at the hydraulic loading of 122~340 L/m$^2$/d. The conclusions from this study were as follows ; The addition of Solid Contact tank to the MMCMAS reactor has increased the SCOD and SBOD removal efficiencies of 4 to 67% and 2 to 41%, respectively. In addition, the increments of nitrification rates were about 13 to 46%. It was also observed that the addition of Solid Contact tank has greatly increased the organic removal efficiencies at the higher hydraulic loading rates and also decrement of sludge production rates was 0.1 gVSS/gBODrem. It was therefore concluded that the addition of Solid Contact tank could have polished the effluent of MMCMAS at the higher hydraulic loading rates.