• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.431-444
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• 2023

Purpose - This study applies the traditional Structure-Conduct-Performance (SCP) model from industrial organization theory to investigate the relationship between market structure and performance in China's banking industry. Design/methodology/approach - For analysis, financial data from the People's Bank of China's "China Financial Stability Report" and financial reports of 6 state-owned banks and 11 joint-stock banks for the period 2010 to 2021 were collected to create a balanced panel dataset. The study employs panel fixed-effects regression analysis to assess the impact of changes in market structure and ownership structure on performance variables including return on asset, profitability, costs, and non-performing loan ratios. Findings - Empirical findings highlight significant differences in the effects of market structure between state-owned and joint-stock banks. Notably, increased market competition positively correlates with higher profits for state-owned banks and with lower costs for joint-stock banks. Research implications or Originality - State-owned banks demonstrate larger scale and stability, yet they struggle to respond effectively to market shifts. Conversely, joint-stock banks face challenges in raising profitability against competitive pressures. Additionally, the study emphasizes the importance for Chinese banks to strengthen risk management due to the increase of non-performing loans with competition. The results provide insights into reform policies for Chinese banks regarding the involvement of private sector in the context of market liberalization process in China.

• 대한공업교육학회지
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.149-166
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to develop a creative problem-solving competition program in order to provide an opportunity for junior high schoolers to solve problems on the basis of technological hands-on activities by deploying their creative problem-solving skills and to foster their cooperative and challenging spirits by tackling the given problems in group. Relevant literature and competition programs were analyzed to develop a junior high school competition program for creative problem solving on the basis of technological hands-on activities. This study was implemented in three stages: preparing, developing and applying. In the preparation stage, the content structure of technology and the fields of corresponding hands-on activities were investigated, and creativity theories were analyzed. Besides, domestic and foreign creativity-related competition programs were checked. In the development stage, an overview of the nature, object, question making and evaluation of a competition program for creative problem solving on the basis of technological hands-on activities was presented, and a program was developed, which consisted of three stages: planning, operating and evaluating. In the application stage, every student in a selected junior high school participated in the competition program. The findings of the study were as follows: First, the competition program developed in this study intended to offer a chance for every junior high schooler to solve problems on the basis of technological hands-on activities to display their creative problem-solving skills. Second, the program was designed to include planning, operating and evaluation stages, after the nature and object of the competition program and in which way question making and evaluation should be fulfilled were determined. Third, the competition program dealt with five areas according to the content structure of technology: manufacturing technology, construction technology, transportation technology, communication technology and biotechnology. And questions for each area and student worksheets were developed. Fourth, the program was utilized in a junior high school to give an example.

• International Area Studies Review
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.231-248
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• 2014

The relationship between market structure and social welfare outcomes has received considerable critical attention in the field of competition policy research. In particular, it is necessary to study in greater depth the impact of market power on social welfare in the telecommunications industry, which is highly likely to form a monopolistic market structure. This is because, when market powers are concentrated on few upper carriers, there are negative effects on social welfare due to an excess of profits. Against this background, the present study investigates the relationship between the market structure of the mobile communications industry (the level of market power) and social welfare outcomes (the retail rate cut) through an international comparison. The results demonstrate that both the market structure and competition status of the Korean market have had significant gaps in global trends. It also points out that the monopolistic market structure (when the leading provider has more than 50% of the market share) has significantly negative effects on consumer welfare (the retail price cut). In addition, the findings of this study suggest that the direction of competition policy should focus on not only improving market concentration(HHI), but also on mitigating the monopoly of power of a dominant operator.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.63-70
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• 2012

Nowadays, a 1-2 person household if increasing due to the aging population and the low birth rate. Thus, in August 2011, Seoul held the 'College Student's Idea Competition', which dealt with small but strong housing that has a very reasonable structure in spite of its small scale in order to improve the quality of small housing for a 1-2 person households. The study indicates the characteristic of this small housing in order to target competition entries from college students; 93- works have been processed. First, the properties of residents are investigated through the number of household members and the relations of the residents. To ensure various element techniques of the entries, the study analyzes data via a structured analysis. Along with structured element techniques according to each level, eight element techniques of the furniture level, housing unit level, main building, and district-level are derived. This study suggests various element techniques in response to the efficiency of area in households as well as housing unit levels. Plans of public spaces and community life housing are offered at the level of the main building and at the district-level. Through an analysis of competition, the critical point of small house planning in deliberation is not only about space and economic efficiency of physical unit, but the life of the residents.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.117-130
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• 2005

Managing of local government public service is innovation strategy of local government public service using choice and competition principle. Managing strategy of local government public service is new paradigm for innovating public service and role structure of government. It is important to understand properly substance and characteristics of local government public service Accordingly, the purpose of this study understand substance and characteristics of local government public service and describe strategic driving plan of managing local government public service in the future.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.33-42
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• 2006

From middle of 90's, SCM had emphasized the importance of connection of all companies which participate to a market, and outsourcing has emphasizes the slim structure of companies for pursing cost reduction and service improvement. But outsourcing as '2-1=1' and integration as '1+1=2' not adapt to the advanced market but return to the former state. Besides, it is impossible of subcontractors and logistics companies to execute these strategies which are win-win strategy and outsourcing. So many logistics companies have sharp competition in price recently. Therefore logistics companies have increased the need for a profitable business model and strategy. This paper researches the limitations of logistics market and redefines the role of logistics through the evolution of logistics. Also this paper proposes new role(Logister) and structure(Velcro structure) for not maker-oriented logistics but market-oriented logistics. The introductory case study will help to understand 2 terms(logister and velcro structure).

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.26 no.12C
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• pp.280-291
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• 2001

LL (Leased Line service) is a facility-based service as a traditional business data service, but new competition services, such as FR (Frame Relay), VPN (Virtual Private Network), and ATM (Asynchronous Transfer Mode), are value-added services. Because of different service classifications, it is hard to gather necessary data for the service providers to plan their market strategies and regulations and policies are also applied asymmetrically to each service provider. Therefore an appropriate market classification is required for the business data services. After various methods of market classification are reviewed, the Hendry model is selected in this paper to analyze substitution-degree among brands or among services. Since the structure of virtual competitions is required for the Hendry model to be applied to data service market, the market is analyzed first by the well-known Porter's model. By the analysis of Porter's model, two virtual competition structures are set up - one is for the competitions among leased line service providers, and the other is for the competitions among business data services such as LL, FR, VPN and ATM. After the Hendry model is applied to each competition structure, it is confirmed that 7 LL service providers do not compete directly, but 2 sub-markets exist for the LL service provisions. However, it is shown that 4 business data services compete directly. Using the Switching Probability Matrix from Hendry model, future market shares of LL service providers and market shares of business data services are forecasted. These empirical results are helpful for service providers to set competitive strategies with the minimization of cannibalization effect and they can easily and efficiently predict their market demands.

• Journal of Korea Technology Innovation Society
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.939-969
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• 2017

The interest in social regulation and its influence on innovation are increasing as the society concerns more for environment and safety. There have been plenty of literature about the impact of social regulation on innovation and its mechanism. Majority of research have been influenced by or based on the famous Porter's hypothesis. However, majority of the literature focus on internal factors such as expected benefits from change of regulations, and it is hard to find one studying social regulation's influence on innovation through external factors such as market or industrial structure. This study addresses this issue of the impact of social regulation on innovation by analyzing the case of fire-retardant coating material for steel structure industry in Korea. It scrutinizes the impact of social regulation which affects competition and innovation on substitute competing market, and tries to reveal that there might exist the other path to innovation, besides the way that the expected benefit from compliance of regulation directly drives innovation. As a result of the case study, we have found that changes in social regulation may act like economic regulation and restructure the market segment and this effect may lead to innovation. It can be explained by the fact that expected benefits from compliance of regulation can be a direct source of innovation, as Porter suggested, but the change of industry structure and competitive strength caused by the change in social regulation can also act as a driving force of innovation.

• Journal of Korea Game Society
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• v.11 no.5
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• pp.43-52
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• 2011

This study assumed the competitive structure based on genre classification for Korean online game market, and carried out the analysis on the degree and characteristics of the competition that appear differently in each sub market classified according to the genre. Analysis result can be summarized as follows. (1) In the view of the total play time, the proportions of the online games in each genre were appeared in the order of "RPG > FPS/RTS > Sports > Arcade/Poker > Go-stop > Board/Racing". (2) In the view of the shares in the play time, the degree of competition between games in the sub market structure of the online games according to the genre was found in the order of "RTS > Racing > FPS/Sports > Go-stop > Poker > Arcade/Board > RPG". The evaluation and interpretation of the high and low of the competition degree are as follows. As the degree of competition is higher, (RTS > Racing > ${\cdots}$) the royalty and the ratio of reusing of the users for the game is lower, and on the other hand, the tendency of replacing and using appeared higher, so the market entry barrier for a new game can be evaluated to be low. Reversely, as the degree of competition is lower, (${\cdots}$ > Arcade/Board > RPG) the royalty and the ratio of reusing of the users for the game is higher, and on the other hand, the tendency of replacing and using appeared lower, so the market entry barrier for a new game can be evaluated to be high.

• Korea Trade Review
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• v.48 no.2
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• pp.129-151
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• 2023

This study explores whether market share matters for ERPT and also for the effects of FTA on ERPT among exporting countries in the four major fishery import markets - frozen pollock, frozen mackerel, frozen tuna, and frozen spawn in South Korea. In addition, I investigate whether market share matters for price competition among exporting countries. For this, I estimate the export price equation based on the maximum likelihood method by utilizing data on export price in terms of Korean currency, and the cross rate between South Korea and the exporting countries from 2010:M1 to 2019:M12 for the four major fishery import markets. According to the findings, the market share of exporting countries in the import markets matters for the positive effects of FTA on ERPT; however, it is hard to find the relation between the market share of exporting counties and ERPT. In addition, I find little evidence on the effects of market share on price competition structures among exporting countries. I believe that this study helps domestic fishery producers to understand that ERPT, the effect of FTA on ERPT, and price competition structures among exporting countries would be affected by the market share of each exporting country in the major fishery import markets in South Korea. Also, this study would help domestic fishery producers to think about how to deal with the effects of the change in the exchange rate on fishery markets for each FTA partner according to its market share after FTA is effective.