• 법제연구
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• 제44호
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• pp.571-610
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• 2013

특허침해금지청구권은 물권적 청구권의 일종으로 특허의 유효성과 침해사실만 인정되면 자동적으로 인정되고 있다. 이에 관련기술을 실시하는 자 입장에서는 금지청구의 위험으로 인해 기술이용 및 후속기술개발을 회피하여 기술혁신이 저해되는 경우가 발생하고 있다. 따라서 절대적 금지청구권 인정보다는 특허권자에게 정당한 보상을 한다는 전제하에 사안에 따라 탄력적으로 침해금지를 제한할 수 있는 방안이 필요하다. 이를 위해 먼저 특허침해금지가처분에 대한 판단을 엄격하게 하여 되도록 본안소송에서 신중한 판단에 의해 특허침해금지에 대해서 판단할 수 있도록 해야 할 것이다. 또한, 본안소송에서는 영미법상의 '형평의 원리'나 가처분에 있어서 '보전의 필요성'과 같이 '침해금지의 필요성'에 대하여 판단할 수 있도록 법원에 재량권을 인정해야 한다. '침해금지의 필요성' 판단시에 고려할 사항으로는 '특허권자의 실시여부, 금전적 보상가능성 및 침해자의 손해배상능력, 특허권자의 라이선스 의도 및 금지청구권을 협상의 무기로 사용하는지 여부, 전체제품에서 특허기술이 차지하는 비율, 특허기술의 특성 및 무효의 가능성, 시장점유율의 경쟁관계, 공공의 이익 및 당사자 쌍방의 이해득실관계 등'이 있다. 이러한 판단결과 침해금지청구가 제한되는 경우 사후 금전적 손해배상으로 특허권자를 보호해야 한다. 장래의 적법한 실시를 보장하기 위한 방안으로는 우선적으로는 당사자의 사적협상에 의해서 적절한 실시료를 산정하도록 하는 것이 바람직하다. 당사자 간에 합의가 이루어지지 않는 경우에는 특허권자가 장래의 실시료를 청구할 수 있도록 하여야 할 것이다. 이와 같이 유연하고 개방적인 특허권의 개념 모색을 통해 빠른 기술변화 시대에 맞추어 특허법의 궁극적인 목적을 달성할 수 있을 것이다.

• 항공우주정책ㆍ법학회지
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• 제10권
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• pp.13-116
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• 1998

• 화약ㆍ발파
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.13-22
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• 1999

It Is indispensible to cause vibration, noise and dust to blasting and breaker operations. Since the control of these factors is supposed to be extremely difficult, the claim of compensation for material and mental damages are getting increased. Economically feasible blasting operation with controlling vibration and noise can be achieved by establishment of science-based plan, accurate operation and responsible inspection, and the application of efficient management system. It must also be remarked that the relevant applied without prejudice by the operator, and the law and regulation should be applied without prejudice by the authority concerned. In addition, the public claim against operators should be investigated in detail and the prosecution should be made under the careful onside-ration of scientific and reasonable conception. Finally, it is strongly suggested that the operations, public and authorities should make great efforts to develop higher technology in order to expand our construction market, to overseas.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국컴퓨터정보학회 2018년도 제58차 하계학술대회논문집 26권2호
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• pp.248-251
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• 2018

현대사회에 있어서 스포츠는 혼란한 환경 속에서 활동하고 있는 바쁜 우리들에게 긴장감을 완화시켜 주고 건강한 신체를 유지하도록 함과 동시에 삶의 질을 강화시킬 수 있는 서비스를 지원하고 있다. 단지 스포츠는 현대사회에서 체육인이나 운동선수에게만 한정된 영역이 아니라 스포츠가 새롭게 만들어 내는 수많은 대상은 상당히 다양하고 복잡하다, 뿐만 아니라 스포츠를 통해서 국위선양은 물론 월드컵 축구 및 올림픽경기 등을 통한 국제사회에서 대단한 외교적, 경제적, 정치적 영향을 끼치고 있으며, 또한 스포츠를 통한 국내외 경제활동에도 수많은 긍정적인 영향을 주고 있다. 이처럼 현대사회에서 스포츠가 생활화되어 많은 사람들이 스포츠를 자연스러운 생활의 일부분으로 받아들이고 있으나, 스포츠와 관련하여 우연적으로 많은 사고가 발생할 가능성을 내포하고 있는 것도 사실이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 스포츠사고에 있어서 민법상 어떤 책임을 부담하는지를 살펴보고 그에 대한 합리적인 해결방안을 모색하고자 한다.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제40권12호
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• pp.131-144
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to identify the degree of experience and the consumer problem perception on its seriousness in relation to E-commerce in information society and how much consumers wanted to be provided with consumer information and education. The major findings of this study were as follows: 1. The consumers showed the highest degree of consumer information needs related to the protection of private information and the highest degree of consumer education needs related to consumerism/law/method of compensation for damages. 2. The consumers showed the highest level of anxiety at a time of e-commerce in to the total causal effect of the variables influencing consumer information needs and the variable of sex(male university students)showed the greatest total causal effect in relation to consumer education needs.

• 대한전기학회논문지
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• 제45권1호
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• pp.67-73
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• 1996

Subsynchronous resonance(SSR) causes a torsional shaft torque on the generator. Damages resulting from the uncontrolled SSR have resulted in the breakdown in the shaft and costs for replacement power. This paper is to determine the feasibility of controlling SSR by the fast modulation of series compensation capacitors. The presence of subsynchronous currents in the system was detected by a subsynchronous relay which was modeled by the transient analysis of control systems(TACS) in electromagnetic transients program (EMTP). The capacitor segments were switched by bi-directional thyristor switches. These were modeled into EMTP. The strategy to switch the capacitors were modeled as a closed loop system. The paper proves that effective control of SSR can be obtained only by the detuning of the system and the removal or blocking of subsynchronous energy from the system. (author). refs., figs., tabs.

• 의료법학
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.91-122
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• 2014

For a variety of reasons, the number of medical disputes is continuously rising. Due to the intrinsic qualities of medical treatments, one would find it more apt to subject medical disputes to general conflict resolution procedures rather than to once-for-all decisions under legal suits. To address the increasing medical disputes with greater professionalism and efficiency, the Medical Disputes Mediation Act was enacted and a medical dispute mediation system put in place, while drawbacks have been blamed to both. The current mediation procedures require the respondent's agreement as a disclosure requirement. A reasonable improvement to this would be to amend the regulation of agreement supposition, or to enforce procedural participation only to public health facilities managed by the national or regional government. Furthermore, small claims cases of 20 million KRW or less in claim may be considered for conciliation-prepositive principle. The concentration on small claim medical disputes is a phenomenon that can be addressed by carrying out maximum authentication commissions or similar measures, one of the solutions by enhancing the public trust in the Korea Medical Dispute Mediation and Arbitration Agency. The proper management of medical authentication teams is one way to address the existing problems in the authentication system. For this, the number of team members shall be increased under more flexible authentication procedures. All indemnity resources for medical accidents of force majeure must be borne by the Government, for it is the body principally responsible for social compensation. Placing this cost on the establisher of the subject medical facility holds the possibility of violating fundamental rights. While the costs for subrogation payment system for damages may be borne by the healthcare facility establisher, a deposit-based system must be created for cases in which the facility shuts down, without holding the responsibility for accident cause. Such change to a deposit-based system will evade the controversies of unconstitutionality, etc.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.596-608
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• 2017

2002년 제조물책임법(PL)을 시행하여 소비자가 제조물을 생산하고 판매하는 기업에 대하여 제품의 결함에 따른 손해배상을 청구할 수 있도록 하는 제도적 장치를 마련하였다. 그러나 최근 가습기 살균제 사건 등으로 인해 기업의 제조물책임 강화와 소비자 피해구제를 위한 집단소송제도, 징벌적배상제 도입을 위하여 제조물책임법 개정안 등 현재, 12여건의 관련 법안이 국회에 발의되어 있으나 정작 법안의 이해 당사자인 중소기업의 62.6%는 이에 대해 잘 알고 있지 못한 것으로 나타났다고 하고 있다. 많은 기업들이 PL 방어대책(Product Liability Defense : PLD)으로 문서작성 보관의 적정화, 관련업자와의 책임관계의 명확화, PL 보험의 가입 또는 배상자금의 확보 등으로 대비하고 있으나 이와 같은 대비책은 제품의 설계와 제품의 안전성을 고려한 부분에 대하여 한계점을 느끼게 한다. 이에 본 연구는 먼저 PL의 명확한 개념과 대응방안에 대해 살펴보고 PL 시스템과 개별 경영시스템 간의 관련성을 파악하고 제조물책임법에 대비한 PL 대응시스템을 기업의 개별경영시스템에 통합하고 보다 제품의 안전에 중점을 둔 개별경영시스템 모델을 제시하고자한다. 이 같은 연구목적에 따른 결과는 중소기업의 PL법 대응을 위한 합리적 대응방안으로 평가 받을 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제12권5호
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• pp.477-493
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• 1997

The consumers' purchase experiences of some imported agricultural products (rice, sesame, garlic, onion, jujube, red pepper, oak mushroom, apple, dried persimmon) and their consciousness for the labelling of the country of origin for agricultural products in Youngnam region were examined in this study. The sample consisted of 438 women who lived in Taegu, Pusan and other cities of Kyungpook and Kyungnam, and the self-administered questionnaire for the survey was used. The main reasons to purchase the imported agricultural products were the wide distribution and low price of them. Most of the consumers were concerned about safety of the imported agricultural products but only a few people experienced unsatisfaction of the products. The price, quality, package, container, label, and safety of the examined products were evaluated worse than those of the domestic products. Generally, although they suffered unsatisfaction, the consumers did not complain because they wanted to avoid troublesome work, which means the consumers did not assert their rights. Some people did not know the labelling system for the country of origin and the place to charge the market violating it. Therefore, it will be necessary for the consumers to receive education about the labelling system for the country of origin and the compensation criteria for consumers' grievances and damages. The current labelling method for the country of origin generally met the consumers' preference but the consumers wanted to improve the position and color of the label. Most consumers could not differentiate the imported products from the domestic products. The results obtained from the survey suggest consumer education for the labelling system for the country of origin and the compensation criteria should be activated through various ways such as mass media and consumer organizations.

• 한국중재학회지:중재연구
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.49-69
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• 2008

This study is to analyze the case law on the disputes of the ex-im contract of steel bar from Yugoslav to Egypt, for which awards were made by the ICC Arbitration Court, trying to find out the characteristic approach of the tribunal toward arbitration case dealing with socialistic country, Yugoslav and Islamic Egypt. An Egyptian importer and an Yugoslavian Exporter concluded a contract, with an option to purchase an additional quantity. for the steel bar. The importer exercised this option as provided in the contract. But the exporter refused to honor the option, due to the fact that the world market price for the steel bar has gone up. As a result, the importer had to purchase the steel bar as a replacement from a Rumanian company at the price higher than the original contract. And it has initiated arbitration under the arbitration clause at the ICC Arbitration Court to claim compensation for the loss due to the price difference. CISG and ULIS were closely studied along with the Yugoslav Law to determine whether the exporter could be exempted from the liability to damages. But the tribunal denied to accept the exporter's contention. The tribunal decided that the importer was entitled to damages due to the exporter's failure to deliver the additional quantity of goods at the original price. It was due to the fact that the price increase was not extremely sudden & high enough to exceed a reasonable entrepreneurial risk and also could be taken into account when concluding the contract.