• Human Ecology Research
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• v.57 no.1
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• pp.127-142
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• 2019

This study investigates factors that impact dating relationship stability(DRS) among college students by applying two key concepts from the Interdependence Theory suggested by Kelly & Thibaut (1978; Thibaut & Kelly, 1959), the comparison level(CL) and comparison level for alternatives($CL_{alt}$). This study also examined mediating effects of commitment on the relationship between CL and DRS and $CL_{alt}$ and DRS. The research used a survey data set drawn from 327 college students currently involved in a dating relationship. The collected data set was then analyzed using SPSS software ver. 23.0 and AMOS software ver. 25.0, to produce the descriptive statistics, Pearson's correlations, and path analysis with bootstrapping. First, both CL and $CL_{alt}$ had a significant direct impact on DRS. In terms of effect size, CL's effect size was comparatively larger than $CL{_{alt}}'s$. The mediating effects from the commitment were evidenced. In the model, the commitment partially mediated the relationships between CL and DRS, and $CL_{alt}$ and DRS. The findings suggest that commitment still plays a key role in dating relationships among college students who currently have a romantic partner. The findings of this study show the possibilities in applying the concepts and theory of interdependence to explain current dating relationships among young adults.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.183-192
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• 2021

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of postural correction training on pulmonary function on 28 college students suspected of turtle neck syndrome, and the following conclusions were obtained. Methods : Turtle neck syndrome suspicion 28 person were randomly divided into a posture training group (n = 14) and group that does not perform posture training (n = 14). Respiratory function was measured by SPIROVIT SP-1 and respiratory gas analyzer. The posture training group performed balloon blowing and stair climbing after 20 minutes of posture training, and the group without posture training carried out balloon blowing training and stair climbing. Five times a week and for two weeks. Results : 1. The comparison of the FVC before and after experiments caused by balloon blowing showed a higher level of effortful pulmonary function in the control group than in the experimental group. 2. Comparison of PEFs before and after the experiment by balloon blowing showed that the experimental group's peak flow rate was higher than that of the control group. 3. Comparison of the FIVC before and after experiments with balloon blowing showed that the comparison of the FIVC showed a higher level of effortless intake pulmonary function in the control group than in the experimental group. 4. The comparison of the maximum ventilation volume(VE) before and after the experimental gas measurement showed that the maximum ventilation rate of the experimental group was higher than that of the control group. 5. The comparison of pre-test and post-test heart rate(HR) by breath gas measurement showed that the heart rate of the control group was higher than that of the experimental group. Conclusion : the results of this study showed that postural correction training, balloon blowing training, and stair climbing could have a positive impact on improving pulmonary function. However, the two-week experiment conducted five times a week showed an increase in pulmonary function, but it was difficult to see the effect due to the short study period. Therefore, it is hoped that later studies will be conducted more systematically on the effects of breathing exercises on improving pulmonary function after post-postural correction training for patients with pulmonary function problems.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.1-11
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• 2011

As a result of comparison analysis on body types of Korean women in their twenties and Korean women residing in Japan, the following results had been found. 1. The comparison of 49 items in physical measurements between the Korean women in their 20's and Korean women residing in Japan resulted in the differences in 33 items. 2. The comparison of the factor analysis results for physical measurements did not reveal big differences. 3. The comparison of the physical shapes according to the grouping resulted in three types each for both groups, with different features for individual types. Women residing in Korea were classified into tall and normal body, normal height with obese body, and short and thin body. Women residing in Japan showed different characteristics with tall and obese body, short and thin body and normal height with obese body. As a result of this study, identical ethnic group was found to take on different body types resulting from sociocultural differences and difference in eating habits if their place of residence differs for a long time.

• Human Ecology Research
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• v.53 no.2
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• pp.209-218
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• 2015

This study provides a basis for the development of lesson plans and teaching programs associated with the appearance in the adaptation of interpersonal relationships. This study was analyzed adolescents' body comparison and body satisfaction related in the adaptation of interpersonal relationships, and the effectiveness of self-esteem mediation. The survey was conducted among 587 adolescents in Gwangju. The data was analyzed using SPSS ver. 19.0 for Windows: frequency, means, factor analysis, Cronbach's ${\alpha}$, t-test, analysis of variance, Pearson correlation analysis, and regression analysis. The results indicated that body comparison and body satisfaction effected the adaptation of interpersonal relationships among adolescents consequently, it is necessary to develop lesson plans and teaching programs related to awareness, and improve appearance. A body comparison with similar aged people did not affect self-esteem; however, it is necessary to improve body satisfaction because it affects self-esteem. Self-esteem was also the mediating role between the adaptation of body satisfaction and interpersonal relationships, sub-factors, adaptation of relationships with friends, adaptation of relationship with teachers, adaptation of relationships with parents. It is important that body satisfaction and self-esteem is key factor in planning training programs, and improving the capacity of adolescents adaptation of interpersonal relationships.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.39-50
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• 2019

Purpose - The purpose of our study is to provide an understanding of the relationships among consumer attention to social comparison information (ATSCI), consumer ethnocentrism (CET), national identity (NI), and consumer purchase intention to domestic brands (PIDB). Drawing on the social comparison theory (SCT) and social identity theory (SIT), we developed a model that is empirically testable and explains consumer behavior of domestic brands and products. Research design, data, and methodology - The conceptual framework was tested with primary data collected through a survey in China. Structural equation modeling was employed to test hypotheses. Results - The results from empirical analyses indicated that the ATSCI positively influenced CET and NI, and CET and NI affect consumer PIDB. In addition, the mediating effects of CET and NI on the relationship between ATSCI and PIDB were identified. Nonetheless, little direct impact of ATSCI on PIDB was reported. Conclusions - We suggested that international marketers use given information to attract consumer attention and develop appropriate promotions, especially for Chinese young generations that would pay much attention to social comparison information in their purchase decisions. Our study originally connected one socio-psychological antecedent, ATSCI, with CET and NI and estimated the relationships among the three antecedents and their effects on PIDB in order to predict consumer behavior in China.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.55 no.9
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• pp.3359-3366
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• 2023

In this study, a spiking cortical model (SCM) based n-g discrimination method is proposed. The SCM-based algorithm is compared with three other methods, namely: (i) the pulse-coupled neural network (PCNN), (ii) the charge comparison, and (iii) the zero-crossing. The objective evaluation criteria used for the comparison are the FoM-value and the time consumption of discrimination. Experimental results demonstrated that our proposed method outperforms the other methods significantly with the highest FoM-value. Specifically, the proposed method exhibits a 34.81% improvement compared with the PCNN, a 50.29% improvement compared with the charge comparison, and a 110.02% improvement compared with the zero-crossing. Additionally, the proposed method features the second-fastest discrimination time, where it is 75.67% faster than the PCNN, 70.65% faster than the charge comparison and 38.4% slower than the zero-crossing. Our study also discusses the role and change pattern of each parameter of the SCM to guide the selection process. It concludes that the SCM's outstanding ability to recognize the dynamic information in the pulse signal, improved accuracy when compared to the PCNN, and better computational complexity enables the SCM to exhibit excellent n-γ discrimination performance while consuming less time.

• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.581-592
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• 2013

Various data and methods are necessary to help students understand the science subject, and have interest in it. Most students like cartoons, and more easily memorize their contents. The purpose of this study was to verify the effects of science cartoon reading on the academic achiements, the levels of interests in science and scientific attitudes of elementary students The study subjects were four classes of the 6th grade of G elementary school in U city. Two classes were experimental group and the others were comparison group. The students of the experimental classes were encouraged to read science cartoon related to class contents at the beginning and ending for 5 minutes respectively in instructional time. And those of the comparison classes received general science lesson. The results of this study were as follows. First, the experimental classes encouraged to read science cartoon marked higher average score than comparison classes in post-test and the difference was meaningful (p<.05). This meant science cartoon reading treatment had the effect of improvement of the levels of interest in science of student. Second, the experimental classes marked higher average score than comparison classes in post-test but didn't show meaningful difference. This meant science cartoon reading treatment didn't have the effect of improvement of academic achievement of students in our study. Third, the experimental classes marked higher average score than comparison classes in post-test and showed the meaningful difference(p<.05). This meant science cartoon reading treatment had the effect of improvement of scientific attitudes of students. From the results thus far, we could tell that science cartoon reading had positive effects on the levels of interest in science and scientific attitudes of students in our study.

• Wind and Structures
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.77-109
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• 1998

An evaluation and comparison of seven of the world's major building codes and standards is conducted in this study, with specific discussion of their estimations of the alongwind, acrosswind, and torsional response, where applicable, for a given building. The codes and standards highlighted by this study are those of the United States, Japan, Australia, the United Kingdom, Canada, China and Europe. In addition, the responses predicted by using the measured power spectra of the alongwind, acrosswind and torsional responses for several building shapes tested in a wind tunnel are presented and a comparison between the response predicted by wind tunnel data and that estimated by some of the standards is conducted. This study serves not only as a comparison of the response estimates by international codes and standards, but also introduces a new set of wind tunnel data for validation of wind tunnel-based empirical expressions.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2005.10a
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• pp.719-724
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• 2005

It has been debating on the performance evaluation of professional construction management (PCM) services since its introduction to Taiwan's construction industry more than a decade ago. Several evaluation systems were proposed by previous researchers. However, there has no comparison study been conducted for the feasibility, effectiveness, and appropriateness of these systems to the performance management (PM) of practical PCM services. This paper is intended for this end to compare the existing PCM performance evaluation systems in Taiwan. A real world design/build (D/B) building project was selected for case study. The result of case study concludes and compares the pro's and con's of the three systems. At the end, it recommends strategies for selecting the most appropriate PCM performance evaluation for PCM services.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.71-85
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• 1998

This study was to investigate the effects of GONGCHENGWHAN(GCW) on the blood and brain tissues of aged rats. For the experiment, the aged rats were divided into three groups : Non treated group (NC), distilled water feeding group(PC), GCW feeding group(GCW).Each group was treated as the procedure for ten days before administration of scopolamine. After this treating, we injected scopolamine to Pc and GCW group their blood cell(WBc, RBC, platelet), blood serum (BUN, creatinine, glucose, uric acid), erythrocyte hemolysis, and the activities of cholinesterase as well as measured the amounts malondialdehysde in the blood serum, catalase, and SOD in the brain tissue.The main results of this investigation are as follows.1. In respect of the number of WBC, GCW group exhibited the administrated incerase in comparison with PC. In respect of the number of RBC· and platelet, however, the changes was not administrated.2. In respect of the number of BUN, creatinine, glucose and uric and the blood, GCW group exhibited the administrated decrease in comparison with PC.3. In respect of erythrocyte hemolysis, GCW group exhibited the administrated repression in comparison with PC.4. In respect of the activity of cholinestease in the blood serum, GCW group exhibited the administrated improvement in comparison with PC.5. In respect of the amounts of malondialdehyde in the blood serum, GCW group exhibited the administrated dexrease in comparison with PC.6. In respect of the activity of catalase in brain tissue, GCW group didn't exhibit the administrated change in comparison with PC7. In respect of the activity of SOD in brain tissue, GCW group exhibited the administrated improvement in comparison with PC.Results of this study indicates that GCW improves the activities of cholinesterase and SOD, but represses the formation of the free radical and the accumulation of the antioxidant materials such as MDA. It implies that GCW has some effects on antiaging.