• International Commerce and Information Review
• /
• v.15 no.3
• /
• pp.135-153
• /
• 2013

This study aims to investigate the overall relationship between the deterring and facilitating factors in export activities of the small and medium export companies. Nine export deterring factors are analyzed by multinational dimensional scaling(MDS) method to identify key dimensions underlying those factors. Perceptual mapping shows that some factors such as brand image, operating capital and e-trade infra are found similar in its degree of difficulties in export activities. Regression analysis shows that government export promotion measures might play an effective export facilitating factors to ease the export deterring factors like market information and manufacturing skill. Whereas difficulties arising from e-trade infra, operating capital, and brand image might be eliminated by internal competency of company, difficulties from distribution channel might be lessened by overseas orientation of chief executive of company.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
• /
• v.41 no.1
• /
• pp.135-142
• /
• 2009

In this investigation, we prepared a 1 and 3-parallel serpentine single PEMFC, which has an active area of $100\;cm^2$ and a flow channel cross section of $1{\times}1mm$. Distribution and transport of water in a non-operating PEMFC were observed by varying flow types and the flow rates (250, 400, and 850 cc/min). This investigation was performed at the neutron imaging facility at the CO1d Neutron RAdiography facility (CONRAD), HMI, Germany of which the collimation ratio and neutron fluence rate are 250, $1{\times}10^{6}n/s/cm^2$, respectively. The neutron image was continuously recorded by a scintillator and lens-CCD coupled detector system every 10 seconds. It has been observed that although the distilled water was supplied into the cathode channel only, the neutron image showed a water movement from the cathode to the anode channel. The water at the cathode channel was completely discharged as soon as the pressurized air was supplied. But the water at the anode channel was not easily removed by the pressurized air except for the 3-parallel serpentine type with 850cc/min of air flow rate. Moreover, the water at the MEA wasn't removed for any of the cases.

• The Journal of Fisheries Business Administration
• /
• v.40 no.2
• /
• pp.1-25
• /
• 2009

The major part of non-commercial food service is food service for school which has no any objective quality standards. Each school has different standard when they buy seafood for SFS(School Food Service). The research purpose is whether or not the extrinsic cues of the seafood such as price, the source origin, company image, safety standards, etc or the intrinsic cues such as fishy smell, the hardiness of fish meat, others have any effect on the seafood evaluation when school nutritionist purchase it, for more objective basis. The research method is distributing questionnaire survey through e-mail or directly visiting the schools from October 30 to November 9, 2007. The questionnaire was distributed to 70 nutritionists of food service for elementary school in Busan. Total 50 questionnaires are used as data in the statistical analysis using SPSS package software. The research results are; First, there is interaction effect between the extrinsic and intrinsic cues of seafood for SFS. That is when the school nutritionist valued on intrinsic cues of seafood such as a fishy smell, the hardiness of fish meat and etc influence on the extrinsic cues such as price, source origin, reliable circulation process, HACCP application, etc. Second, the extrinsic cues of the seafood give no effect on perceived quality. Since seafood for SFS are heavy buying, prearrangement contract and most of them using pre-treated frozen aquatics. Third, the intrinsic cues of the seafood give no effect on perceived quality. The extrinsic cues consist of 5 parts namely "opening about quality", "source origin", "company image", "safety/standards" and "price/package". However, "safety/standard" was the only affecting factor to perceive quality. The reason is that in fact they have no standards or any document proving the quality of the seafood unless safety standards factor. Last, the perceived quality is an important factor for perceived value and purchase intention. It is showed that there is a path to form a willing to buy through the perceived value after school nutritionist recognizes the perceived quality.

• Journal of Fashion Business
• /
• v.6 no.1
• /
• pp.137-154
• /
• 2002

It's not easy to renew old brand of over 50 years history to the tastes of new consumer of our time. Most of national brands that has a history of some 20 years in Korea have strove for continuation and growth of brand to no avails, which can be taken as a good example of current situation. For instance, C company, one of the National brand of US which has a history of 51 years, has made its position secure as a fashion group and based itself on a sound foundation by establishing new marketing strategy and completing successful brand renewal in the process of strategic M&A with Italian company. Those successful marketing strategies are as follows. 1) they regarded both market and consumer oriented marketing activity as company's highest priority strategy and put great emphasis upon concentration on target market and reestablishment of brand image of business casual wear. 2) Setting up and operating planning team composed of merchandizer alone in Milano, they set the direction of plan on the basis of concentrated research on potential item in market according to thorough market research done by buying office in Korea, branch office in Hong Kong and buyer in US prior to blueprint planning for season. 3) Great emphasis was placed on business which focused on intensive presentation of basic key item for apparel career women who are main consumer group in the midium-low prices market in US and on supplementation of size and color. they named this line 'collectibles' and helped their customer develop their own clothes plan without worrying about the change of color and fabric by supporting same fabric and color throughout the year and enabled them to add variation easily by supplementing new trend item. 4) Company set black as a main color that lots of apparel career women find easy to care and to express their own image and presented them with pebble which belongs to navy and beige and added fashion color such as wine and brown etc as season goes by. They constructed basic line in order for their customers to coordinate purchased item with new one or to add them to present collection, and to achieve efficient sale by setting up strategy which allows this cross coordination and changing pattern occasionally. 5) Though basic jacket for 99$, short slim skirt for 49$ are products within midium-low prices range, in the material planning stage aiming at production of item that has both resonable function appealing to consumer and is fashionable, synthetic material had to be used as a main source due to price competitiveness. Despite this situation, considering comfortable sense of fit and refined drape of silhouette that has no sign of cheap material, whole collectible line was divided into two items, which contributed to reduction of cost. In case of material that is composed of triacetate and polyester in 70 to 30 ratio, was used up to 4 million yard, which allowed drastic curtailment of cost accompanied by concentration. In case of 'collectibles' line, using Korean material mainly, C company chose to have their product sewed in Southeast Asian countries where transportation is well developed and both productivity and quality verified by operating global production system which aiming at cutdown of cost through outsourcing production from the country where labor cost is low and getting finished product. Polarization between present consumers telling us that consumers with the mind of middle classes in the past no longer exists between consumers who seek after only fine article of highest quality and wise consumers who are sensible enough to judge bubble on correlation between price and quality. To cope with this change in new consumer mind, apparel makes changing their policy so as to produce item that has reasonable quality and falls within affordable price range anywhere in the world. and they're striving to get out of difficult situation by operating global marketing strategy which stresses separation of planning, production and sale and sensibility of fashion shared worldwide. The marketing strategy of C company can be exemplified as a successful one.

• Journal of the Institute of Convergence Signal Processing
• /
• v.23 no.4
• /
• pp.194-199
• /
• 2022

Preprocessing for high-quality data is required for high accuracy and usability in various and complex image data-based industries. However, when a contaminated hostile example that combines noise with existing image or video data is introduced, which can pose a great risk to the company, it is necessary to restore the previous damage to ensure the company's reliability, security, and complete results. As a countermeasure for this, restoration was previously performed using Defense-GAN, but there were disadvantages such as long learning time and low quality of the restoration. In order to improve this, this paper proposes a method using adversarial examples created through FGSM according to image segmentation in addition to using the VQ-VAE model. First, the generated examples are classified as a general classifier. Next, the unsegmented data is put into the pre-trained VQ-VAE model, restored, and then classified with a classifier. Finally, the data divided into quadrants is put into the 4-split-VQ-VAE model, the reconstructed fragments are combined, and then put into the classifier. Finally, after comparing the restored results and accuracy, the performance is analyzed according to the order of combining the two models according to whether or not they are split.

• Journal of Technologic Dentistry
• /
• v.36 no.3
• /
• pp.149-158
• /
• 2014

Purpose: Dental casting Co-Cr-Mo based alloys of five kinds of ingot type and two kinds of shot type were analyzed the melting processes with heating time of high frequency induction centrifugal casting machine using infrared thermal image analyzer. Methods: When Co-Cr-Mo based alloys were put about 30g/charge in the ceramic crucible of high frequency induction centrifugal casting machine and heat, Infrared thermal image analyzer and IR thermometer indicated these alloys in the crucible were set and operated. Results: The melting temperatures of alloys measuring infrared thermal image analyzer were deviated ${\pm}10^{\circ}C$ compared to those of manufacturing company. On the other hand, the melting time of alloys were differently appeared with the shape of alloys(ingot and shot type). Conclusion: The melting temperatures of dental Co-Cr-Mo based alloys were measured the degree of $1,360{\sim}1410^{\circ}C$ and the heating time with the alloys of ingot and shot type were deviated ${\pm}10sec$.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
• /
• v.34 no.7
• /
• pp.1184-1196
• /
• 2010

Several applications of body scanning technology have been commercialized or are currently under development. The virtual fit from 3D scans is most advanced form of virtual try-on. This article is an analysis of the comparison of user preferences for domestic versus foreign 3D virtual try-on systems. For this study, domestic i-Fashion Mall (www.ifashionmall.co.kr) and a Canadian company, My Virtual Model (www.mvm.com) were selected as the most representative online retailers that offer a virtual try-on system. The respondents were comprised of 70 Korean female college students in the age group 20-29. A five point Likert scale was used to evaluate the degree of the preference of virtual avatar and try-on images. T-test, cross table, and a chi-square independence test were conducted for data analysis. The results are as follow. 1. The representation about current looks according to each virtual fit image indicates that MVM is more accurate than i-Fashion Mall. 2. About decision confidence, respondents have decision confidence in i-Fashion Mall in the case of the avatar image; however, respondents have confidence in MVM or the fit image. 3. There were no significant differences in among waist size groups in accuracy, trust of each avatar image, while there were significant differences among waist size groups in the accuracy and trust of each virtual fit image. 4. About ease of use, respondents answered that i-Fashion Mall is superior to MVM. 5. The respondents prioritized the ‘fitting report’ of i-Fashion Mall and ‘Weight loss’ of MVM over other functionalities.

• Archives of design research
• /
• v.19 no.6 s.68
• /
• pp.15-20
• /
• 2006

Despite the SKM Duyree shop's potentials, such as residing over the Samsung-dong, gangnam-gu one of the premier locations in Seoul, and offering a large shopping store, the old 'SKM Dutyfree' symbol [image #2] has become the burden for a company due to its low-profile brand quality and lack of location advertisements. Therefore, first, we have agreed to acquire the popular brand word 'COEX' and replace "SKM Dutyfree" to "COEX Dutyfree", and second, the new visual image has been created in order to create a synergy of the urban-look and the location-information. Therefore, the visual identity design concepts have been utilized in order to achieve such goals; first, promote the existing COEX-image and metropolitan-esque image. Second, unify the international-metropolitan looks of the COEX-mall, hotel, shopping center, exhibition, and airport terminal with location information. Third, deliver the new identity-design [image #1] of the fresh look(compare to competing dutyfree shops) and dynamic images.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
• /
• no.22
• /
• pp.46-52
• /
• 2000

The Department store of today contrary to past plays an important role in the culture of modern market, because of the development of national economy and a rise in the standard of living. The improvement of culture and the high growth of economy made a livelihood fertile, mass production and mass consumption of product based on accumulation of technology caused the industry of distribution to activate, and the change of consumption pattern and various purchasing form resulted in the distribution structure like large scale store. This study was composed of pilot study, the first research, and the second research. In pilot study, the types of interior design the first floor of large-sized department store in the Metropolitan area was classified on the basis of the image of interior design prior researched. The contemporary interior design require unique image frequently because of the qualitative enhancement accompanying segmentation and specialization of space. Especially, the emergence of foreign company along with the change of the distribution environment threaten the domestic interior design industry. Therefore, the interior design plant introducing the image elements is able to have critical influence on forming specialized space in department store. This study investigated the interior design limited to the first floor of large-sized department store in the Metropolitan area, therefore the user's preference and the problem of design in domestic department store of today was not examined well. But this study was able to explore the types of interior design image in the first floor of department store and the relation between consisting elements.

• International Journal of Costume and Fashion
• /
• v.5 no.2
• /
• pp.68-77
• /
• 2005

In contemporary advertising market, one of main trends is to speak surrealistic visual language which provides 'enjoyable spectacles'. Specially, in the beginning of 21st century, there discovered more and more exhibitions and discourses about surrealism reinterpreted from the viewpoint of postmodernism. Surrealism as a creative style of expression based upon free association, has been a great inspiration for fashion ads for commercial communication as well as fashion design since its origin. However, there has been ignored the idea of analyzing surrealistic image expressed in fashion ads in spite of their flood. Accordingly, the purpose of this study is to grasp its cultural meaning through analyzing aesthetic characteristics of surrealistic image expressed in fashion ads. It will provide a better understanding of surrealistic image in fashion ads reflecting popular taste and preference directly as popular visual culture, focusing on post modern context. A case study of surrealistic fashion ads limits to TV or print commercials and digital ads as image ads stimulating visual expressions. The Results can be summarized as follows. Surrealism is an avant garde style which deconstructs the established meaning system as well as the existing formalistic order and then put them together in the frame of 'dream' and 'unconsciousness'. Defamiliarization questioning the whole edifice of representation can be adapted to. By means of paradox and metaphor, unfamiliar new visual world can be represented. The plastic characteristics of surrealistic image in fashion ads are founded as surrealistic styling of time and space, distortion of object by methods of automatism, depaysement, parody and trompe-l'oeil which bring about the deconstruction of gestalt. Aesthetic values of surrealistic fashion ads appear as dualistic representation, allegoric symbolism, fantastic romanticism. Ultimately they lead to marvelous. mysterious, humorous visual effects. Foster reinterpreted these effects of surrealism from Freud's 'Uncanny Concept'. 'Uncanny' means the phenomenon recurring to familiar being defamiliarized by repression. Surrealistic fashion ads strengthen this shocking effect more and more dramatically in company with our post modern needs for fantastic adventure and thrilling spectacle. It can be thought that surrealistic fashion ads reflects uncanny as an alternative which can relieve us of our stress and anxiety and which realize our potential desire in contemporary post industrial stage.