• 통상정보연구
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.485-515
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• 2009

In this study aims to research and analyze what are decision factors between a wholly-owned subsidiary and a international company cooperation in the internationalization process. From 57 primary studies found 26 observed variables for aggregation of effect size in the using "Fixed Effect Model" on this mata-analysis. The article also links the theories that are used in the literature, not considered in the most of primary studies, to the empirical results and recommends global management strategy which is needed for business practical affairs. According to the result, the meta-analysis suggests that the number of employees of a MNC, the geological and cultural differneces between the host country and home country, the country-specific international experience of the MNC and export intensity, the international product diversification, the market growth and the market size of the foreign operations, and resource intensity of the foreign operations, the legal restrictions in the host country and the country risk of the home country do exert a significant effect on the decision between cooperative arrangement and a wholly-owned subsidiary. Conversely, for a large number of variables, no significant relationship seems to exist based on the combined results. This is the case, for example, for factor specificity, the r&d-intensity, the subsidiary size, the assets of the MNC and the sales volume of the MNC.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제8권12호
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• pp.353-361
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• 2021

An economic system is a means by which societies or governments organize and distribute available resources, services, and goods across a geographic region or country. The Islamic financial system faces a number of challenges as part of its role as a tool for developing economic activities. This study intends to advance research by Lassoued (2018) by expanding the research population to include Islamic banks in Asia and adding new dimensions - the size of the independent commissioner and corporate governance. The population of this study is the 100 largest Islamic banks in Asia. Statistical calculations with the STATA application is used for data analysis. Based on the test results, it was found that the size of the sharia board and the independent board of directors did not affect the financial stability of Islamic banking companies. Another finding is that the size of the independent commissioner affects financial stability. This finding shows that commissioners have played an active role in the company, indicating that if the sharia banking company has an ideal number of independent commissioners, it will be advantageous to the company's stability and business sustainability.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제8권7호
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• pp.129-137
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• 2021

This paper aims to analyze whether company characteristics are potential determinants of human resource accounting (HRA) disclosure practices by Vietnamese listed companies. It examines the human resource disclosure level of 204 companies by content analysis of these companies' annual reports. The study has relied on a multiple linear regression to test the association between a number of corporate attributes and the extent of human resource disclosure in companies' annual reports. The extent of human resource disclosure was measured using unweighted human resource disclosure index. The explanatory variables considered in this study were firm size, firm age, profitability, leverage, industry profile, and auditor type. The results revealed that the most influential variable for explaining firms' variation in human resource disclosure is firm size followed by firm age and profitability. Thus, it can be concluded that firm size, firm age and profitability are major predictors that may affect the variety of HRA disclosure practices on firms listed in the Vietnam Stock Exchange. However, neither industry profile nor auditor type seems to explain differences in human resource disclosure practices between Vietnamese listed firms, indicating that company's industry profile and auditor type are not a matter for the company to disclose HRA information.

• Corrosion Science and Technology
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• 제17권6호
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• pp.292-300
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• 2018

The modeling of 3D finite elements based on CAD data has been used to detect sites of corrosion defects in buried pipes. The results generated sophisticated profiles of electrolytic potential and vectors of current distributions on the earth surface. To identify the location of defects in buried pipes, the current distribution on the earth surface was projected to a plane of incidence that was identical to the pipe locations. The locations of minimum electrolytic potential value were found. The results show adequate match between the locations of real and expected defects based on modeling. In addition, the defect size can be calculated by integrating the current density curve. The results show that the defect sizes were $0.74m^2$ and $0.69m^2$, respectively. This technology may represent a breakthrough in the detection of indirect damage in various cases involving multiple defects in size and shape, complex/cross pipe systems, multiple anodes and stray current.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.145-156
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• 2023

Within the context of publicly traded Sharia-compliant companies in Malaysia, this study investigated the influence that board and company characteristics have on corporate donations. The primary focus of the study was (i) two board characteristics derived from upper echelons theory, namely gender composition and education level, and (ii) four firm variables derived from stakeholder theory, specifically company size, profitability, leverage, and industry category. This study used a total of 402 Shariah-compliant companies that operated in accordance with Shariah law. The information utilized in this study was culled by hand from the annual reports of various companies covering the years 2017 through 2019. According to the findings, the educational level of a company's board of directors has a significant impact on the amount of money donated to charitable organizations by Shariah-compliant companies. The level of expertise possessed by board members can be of assistance to businesses in becoming more aware of the necessity of making contributions or donations. Corporate contribution practices among Shariah-compliant companies in Malaysia were also significantly influenced by the firm's size, profitability, and the industry category in which the business was classified. The findings of the study contribute to a better understanding of the impact that board and company variables have on the activities of corporate donors.

• 대한교통학회지
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.53-62
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• 2011

본 연구는 운수업체에 대한 안전관리 시행에 따른 교통사고 감소효과 분석을 목적으로 수행되었다. 이를 위해 운수업체에 대한 안전관리 시행 전 후 비교 및 비교대상그룹과의 교통사고지수 변화량의 차이를 분석하였고, 안전관리를 통한 순수한 시행효과 분석을 위해 운수업체의 교통사고 사고지수 변화 트렌드 및 평균회귀량을 산출하여 제거해주는 방법을 이용하였다. 본 연구결과를 종합해 보면, 운수업체에 대한 안전관리는 전반적으로 운수업체의 교통사고예방에 기여효과가 있는 것으로 나타났으며, 이러한 효과는 안전관리 강도별, 운수업체 규모별로는 차이가 있는 반면 업종별로는 유의한 차이를 나타내지 않았고, 이들 조합에 따른 상호간 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 향후 운수업체에 대한 안전관리의 효율성을 높이기 위해서는 안전관리방식의 동일한 적용이 아닌 업체규모와 연계한 안전관리방식의 개발 및 적용이 필요하다.

• 기술혁신학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.171-193
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• 2008

21세기를 맞이하여 세계 각국은 자국의 지식재산권을 보호하기 위한 정책을 추진하고 있으며, 이와 같은 지식재산권을 보호강화하기 위한 국제적 동향은 더욱 더 강력해지고 있다. 이러한 환경에서 기업은 사활을 걸고 기술보호와 경영을 어떻게 할 것인가에 대한 최적인 방법을 모색하여야 하며, 기업의 지식재산관리는 관리적인 차원이 아닌 경영적인 차원에서 고려되어야 한다. 즉, 기업은 산업재산권을 경영자원의 하나로서 전환하여야 하며 그 중요성은 기업의 생존에도 큰 영향을 미친다. 특허 데이터는 기업 전략 수립의 중요한 정보이다. 이 연구에서는 우리나라 금속기업 27개사를 대상으로 특허활동을 체계적으로 분석하였다. 2000년부터 2005년까지의 특허데이터를 이용하여 특허경영과 기업경영성과와의 관계를 분석하였다. 이 연구의 주요 결과로는, 노동생산성은 종업원 1인당 특허활동도와 유의한 양(+)의 관계가 있는 것으로 나타났지만, 기업규모와는 유의한 음(-)의 관계가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 특허 활동은 기업의 연구개발계획을 수립하는데 중요한 역할을 할 젓으로 생각한다.

• 산업경영시스템학회지
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• 제44권2호
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• pp.140-152
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• 2021

During the shift from gasoline vehicles to electric ones, auto parts manufacturing companies have realized the importance of improvement in the manufacturing process that does not require any layout changes nor extra investments, while maintaining their current production rate. Due to these reasons, for the auto part manufacturing company, I-company, this study has developed the simulation model of the PUSH system to conduct a process analysis in terms of production rate, WIP level, and logistics work's utilization rate. In addition, this study compares the PUSH system with other three manufacturing systems -KANBAN, DBR, and CONWIP- to compare the performance of these production systems, while satisfying the company's target production rate. With respect to lead-time, the simulation results show that the improvement of 77.90% for the KANBAN system, 40.39% for the CONWIP system, and 69.81% for the DBR system compared to the PUSH system. In addition, with respect to WIP level, the experimental results demonstrate that the improvement of 77.91% for the KANBAN system, 40.41% for the CONWIP system, and 69.82% for the DBR system compared to the PUSH system. Since the KANBAN system has the largest impacts on the reduction of the lead-time and WIP level compared to other production systems, this study recommends the KANBAN system as the proper manufacturing system of the target company. This study also shows that the proper size of moving units is four and the priority allocation of bottleneck process methods improves the target company's WIP and lead-time. Based on the results of this study, the adoption of the KANBAN system will significantly improve the production process of the target company in terms of lead-time and WIP level.

• Macromolecular Research
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.30-36
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• 2001

Polybutadiene latex grafted (g-PB) in g-PB/SAN blends, i.e., acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene terpolymer (ABS) were partially replaced by acrylonitrile-butadiene copolymer (NBR) with various acrylonitrile (AN) contents. Changes in morphology, physical and rheological properties were examined. The dispersed size of NBR was decreased as the miscibility with matrix SAM, was increased by increasing AN content in NBR upto 50 wt%. Impact strength was enhanced about two-fold due to the NBR dispersed with a slight larger size than the original g-PB. Gloss was effectively reduced as the particle size of NBR was increased. Tensile yield strength was decreased, and elongation at break or yield behavior at low shear rate were increased as g-PB was partially replaced by NBR having AN content less that 40 wt%.

• 한국경영과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국경영과학회 2001년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.139-142
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• 2001

This study suggests an approach for determining fleet size for container road transportation with dynamic demand in Korea. With the forecasted monthly container transportation data a year, a heuristic algorithm is developed to determine the number of company-owned trucks, mandated trucks, and rented trucks in order to minimize the expected annual operating cost, which is based on the solution technologies used in the aggregate production planning and the pickup-and-delivery problem. Finally the algorithm is tested for the problem how the trucking company determines the fleet size for transporting containers.