• 대한간호학회지
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• 제45권3호
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• pp.459-468
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• 2015

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of Wheel of Wellness counseling on wellness lifestyle, depression, and health-related quality of life in community dwelling elderly people. Methods: A parallel, randomized controlled, open label, trial was conducted. Ninety-three elderly people in a senior welfare center were randomly assigned to two groups: 1) A Wheel of Wellness counseling intervention group (n=49) and 2) a no-treatment control group (n=44). Wheel of Wellness counseling consisted of structured, individual counseling based on the Wheel of Wellness model and provided once a week for four weeks. Wellness lifestyle, depression, and health-related quality of life were assessed pre-and post-test in both groups. Results: Data from 89 participants were analyzed. For participants in the experimental group, there was a significant improvement on all of the wellness-lifestyle subtasks except realistic beliefs. Perceived wellness and depression significantly improved after the in the experimental group (n=43) compared to the control group (n=46) from pre- to post-test in the areas of sense of control (p =.033), nutrition (p =.017), exercise (p =.039), self-care (p <.001), stress management (p =.017), work (p =.011), perceived wellness (p =.019), and depression (p =.031). One participant in the intervention group discontinued the intervention due to hospitalization and three in the control group discontinued the sessions. Conclusions: Wheel of Wellness counseling was beneficial in enhancing wellness for the community-dwelling elderly people. Research into long-term effects of the intervention and health outcomes is recommended.

• 한국농촌간호학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.65-73
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• 2013

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the relationship between intention to use advance directives and level of death anxiety in community-dwelling elders. Method: The participants were 200 older adults who were aged 60 or over and attended the community welfare centers. The level intention to use advance directive was measured by a questionnaire that was developed by the authors for the study. The measure by Kraus and Ellisond was administered to evaluate the level of death anxiety. Result: The average score for intention to use advance directives was $2.05{\pm}0.88$ and that of death anxiety was $6.2{\pm}2.28$. There were significant differences in the intention to use advance directives according to education levels and individual properties. Although there was no significant relationship between the intention to use advance directives and the level of death anxiety, they were negatively associated. Therefore, older adults who had lower death anxiety would tend to use advance directives. Conclusion: It would be necessary to screening the level of death anxiety to promote use of the advance directives. In addition, education programs for advance directives would be essential to consider about advance directives for their end-of-life especially for the community-dwelling elderly in Korea.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제42권6호
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• pp.898-906
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• 2012

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate effects of Oral Function Improvement Exercises on salivation, xerostomia and halitosis in elderly people. Methods: The participants in the study were 48 female community-dwelling elders in D city. The Oral Function Improvement Exercises were given 3 times a week, for a total of 24 times from August to October 2011. Spitting method, Visual Analogue Scale, and halimeter (mBA-21) were used to evaluate the effects of Oral Function Improvement Exercises on salivation, xerostomia, and halitosis. The data were analyzed using ${\chi}^2$-test and t-test with the SPSS program. Results: The experimental group had significantly better salivation, and less xerostomia and halitosis than the control group. Conclusion: The results indicate that Oral Function Improvement Exercises were effective for salivation, xerostomia and halitosis in the elders. Therefore, it was suggested that Oral Function Improvement Exercise are applicable in a community nursing intervention program to improve the quality of life for elders.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.101-109
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• 2010

Purpose: This study was to identify the relations among ADL, self-efficacy, physical activity and cognitive function in elders. Methods: A total of 257 subjects aged between 60 and 92 were selected through convenient sampling. Data were collected with a self-reported questionnaire from November 1 to November 30, 2008. Collected data were analyzed with SPSS/WIN 15.0. Results: Differences in ADL, self-efficacy, physical activity, and cognitive functions according to general characteristics were as follows. ADL was significantly different according to age, cohabitation, recognition on health, and successful aging. Self-efficacy was significantly different according to cohabitation, recognition on health, and successful aging. Physical activity was significantly different according to age, educational level, cohabitation, and cognition on health. Cognitive function was significantly different according to age, educational level, job, and recognition on health. The correlation coefficient (r) of the ADL variables was .565 for self-efficacy, .633 for physical activity and .460 for cognitive function. Conclusion: Findings of this study may be useful in understanding the health status of community-dwelling elders and developing more specific health promotion programs.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.293-302
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• 2010

Purpose: This study was to survey yangsaeng in Korean elders. Methods: A total of 250 subjects aged between 60 and 88 were selected through convenient sampling. Data were collected with a self-reported questionnaire from April 1 to 30, 2009. Collected data were analyzed with SPSS/WIN 15.0. Results: Differences in yangsaeng according to general characteristics were as follows. Total yangsaeng and all of yangsaeng categories except seasonal yangsaeng were significantly different according to self-perceived health. Diet yangsaeng was significantly different according to cohabitation, house ownership and self-perceived health. Activity and rest yangsaeng was significantly different according to age, gender, job, successful aging and self-perceived health. Exercise yangsaeng was significantly different according to gender and self-perceived health. Seasonal yangsaeng was significantly different according to successful aging and self-perceived health. Sleep yangsaeng was significantly different according to age, gender, job and self-perceived health. Sex life yangsaeng was significantly different according to all of the variables except religion and successful aging. There was a positive correlation between yangsaeng and the variables. Conclusion: The findings of this study may be useful in understanding the health status of community-dwelling elders and developing more specific health promotion programs.

• 동의신경정신과학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.39-48
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• 2015

Objectives: This study was conducted to analyze the hwa-byung, self-perceived health, life-stress, social support, depression, and factors affecting on suicidal ideation in community dwelling elders. Methods: This study was a cross-sectional descriptive study. The subjects were 165 elderly in I city. The data was collected from November $21^{st}$ to December $5^{th}$ of 2014 by using structured questionnaire. T-test, Pearson's correlation coefficients, and stepwise multiple regression were performed by SPSS/PC 17.0. Results: There were more females than males in hwa-byung (t=.-3.068, p=.003). In the visit parent, more than once a month was a significantly higher in social support (t=.3.333, p=.001). Hwa-byung (t=.-2.577, p=.011), life-stress (t=.-3.800, p=.001), depression (t=.-2.776, p=.006), and suicidal ideation (t=.-4.316, p<.001) were shown to be high in the elders with lower level of living. Subjects with health insurance had high self-perceived health (t=-3.800, p=.001) and low hwa-byung (t=-4.102, p<.001), life-stress (t=-4.482, p<.001), depression (t=-5.296, p<.001), and suicidal ideation (t=.-2.152, p=.036), according to the type of insurance. In the correlation, sleeping hours (r=-.180, p=.020), self-perceived health (r=-.364, p,.001), and suicidal ideation had negative correlation; hwa-byung (r=.404, p<.001), life-stress (r=.300, p<.001), social support (r=-.310, p<.001), depression (r=.423, p<.001) and suicidal ideation had positive correlation. Factors affecting the suicidal ideation in community dwelling elders were depression (${\beta}$=.42, p<.001), hwa-byung (${\beta}$=.23, p=.004), social support (${\beta}$=-.18, p=.012), and level of living (${\beta}$=.24, p=.001). Discussion: For the prevention of elderly suicide, it is necessary to care for psychosocial status and solve economic difficulties through social support.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.45-54
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• 2014

Fall is one of the most intimidating health conditions in elders. Comprehensive assessment is necessary to understand the individual and environmental aspects of the falls such as balancing abilities, depression, and quality of life. The purpose of this study was to compare the balancing ability, depression, and quality of life between elderly fallers and elderly non-fallers. Thirty-two community-dwelling elders (fifteen males and seventeen females between 65 and 83 years old), who have experienced fall on walking during last twelve months, were involved in the elderly fallers group. And twenty-four males and twenty-two females between 65 and 83 years old of community-dwelling elders, who have no experienced fall on walking during last twelve months, were involved in the elderly non-fallers group. Berg balance scale (BBS), timed up and go test (TUG), and functional reach test (FRT), were used to evaluate the ability of the physical balance. 'Beck depression scale in Korean' questionnaire was used to assess the depression. 'Korean version of World Health Organization Quality of Life Assessment Instrument-Bref' questionnaire was used to assess the quality of life. The results were as follows: 1) Balancing abilities measured by the BBS, TUG in the elderly fallers group were meaningfully lower than that of the elderly non-fallers group (p<.05), whereas no significant difference in the FRT was found (p>.05). 2) Depression level in the elderly fallers group was significantly higher than that of the elderly non-fallers group (p<.05). 3) Quality of life in the elderly fallers group was significantly lower than that of the elderly non-fallers group, excluding environment domain (p<.05). Therefore, in order for clinical evaluation of the community-dwelling elders those with reduced balancing ability, it is necessary to evaluate and understand the fall experience, depression, and quality of life.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.378-387
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• 2008

Purpose: The purposes of this study were to investigate factors related to the depression of the elderly dwelling in a big city, and to explore the influence of physical health, cognitive symptom and nutritional status on the elders' depression. Methods: After the approval of the Institutional Review Board (IRB) and obtaining the participants' consent form, a face to face and private interview was conducted with each participant from Mar, 2007 to Aug, 2007 by trained graduate level students. A total of 201 elders aged over 65 years participated in the study. The questionnaire consisted of K GDS, PHQ 15 and Nutritional Screening Initiative (NSI). Collected data were analyzed with the SPSS 13.0 program, which was used for frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, Pearson correlation coefficients, and multiple regression. Results: The major findings of this study were as follows. 1) 28.4% of the subjects belonged to the depression group, 78.1% had one or more diseases, 85.6% had experienced somatic symptoms, and 49.7% belonged to the nutritional risk group. 2) Older age, lower educational level, more pocket money a larger number of diseases, more severe cognitive symptoms and poorer nutritional status were significantly related to a higher depression score. 3) Significant factors influencing depression were nutritional status, cognitive symptoms and the number of diseases, which explained 38.1% of the variance of elderly depression, and nutritional status was the most influencing factor. Conclusion: The finding of this study gives useful information for developing assessment tools and interventions for elders' depression.

• 간호행정학회지
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.415-424
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• 1999

The purpose of this study was to estimate the population requiring nursing home services for frail elders who received home care nursing services. This study identified the need of nursing home services and the proportion of elders over 60 years of age requiring nursing home services according to the admission eligibility including items with intensity of home care nursing services and the criteria for screening of patients requiring home care nursing services. In this study, survey research design was conducted. A total of 49 home care nurses were collected. They were asked to assess the need of nursing home services based on items with intensity of home care nursing services and the criteria for screening of patients requiring home care nursing services. Using secondary data analysis from the survey on 'The Evaluation of Home Care Nursing Service Program in 1994 in Korea', the proportion of elders requiring nursing home services was estimated. The estimated numbers and proportion of frail elders requiring nursing home services were 169 (86.2%) aged persons among community dwelling elders based on admission eligibility. However, the proportion of aged persons was 68% using the only criteria for screening of patients requiring for screening home care nursing services.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.237-247
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• 2014

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the social determinants of health (SDH) associated with health-related quality of life (HQOL) among the community-dwelling elderly, based on the conceptual framework of the Commission on Social Determinants of Health (CSDH). Methods: A survey was conducted with 199 elders aged 65 years or older sampled through convenient sampling. Data were collected through face to face interviews by trained interviewers using a structured questionnaire, which included scales of the residential area, social support, sense of community, social network, health behaviors, and HQOL. Data were analyzed by ANOVA and stepwise multivariate regression. Results: Major SDH affecting HQOL included the participants' residential area, sense of community, and health behavior. The HQOL of the elderly residing in the B area with a low rate of basic livelihood security recipients was higher than that of those residing in other areas. Conclusion: CSDH framework was useful to determine the factors associated with HQOL among the community-dwelling elderly. In addition to their health behavior, their sense of community was found to be a SDH of HQOL, indicating the need of health promotion programs tailored to the characteristics of residential areas and strategies to enhance involvement in community activities.