• 농촌계획
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.1-13
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• 2009

This study tried to establish a renewal guideline for rural villages through the analysis on locational characteristics of amenity/disamenity elements. Space Syntax Method was applied to analyze the locational characteristics of amenity/disamenity elements in qualitative terms. The study was carried out by 5 steps: Selection of amenity/disamenity classification table and case study villages(used same ones as in the previous study) ${\rightarrow}$ Drawing of base-map for spatial analysis ${\rightarrow}$ Preparation of final study-map after field survey ${\rightarrow}$ Spatial analysis using the Space Syntax Method ${\rightarrow}$ Proposing of a rural village renewal guideline. Through the application study to the case study villages, it was ascertained that the renewal guideline proposed in this study would well help reflect spatial characteristics of amenity/disamenity elements in plan-making works of rural villages.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.93-99
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• 2008

A community-based longitudinal study was conducted in the Manya Krobo District of the Eastern Region of Ghana with the objective of assessing how caregiving practices influence nutritional status of young children in Ghana. The study subjects were one hundred mothers with infants between the ages of 6 and 12 months. Each child was visited at home monthly for a period of six months. On each visit, information was collected on caregiver household and personal hygiene, child's immunization status, child's dietary diversity, caregiver responsiveness during feeding, caregiver hygienic practices related to feeding and child's weight and length. At the end of the study, summary scores were generated for each variable and quality of care practice determined based on their distribution. Classification of child nutritional status was based on z-scores for both weight-for-age and length-for-age. The results revealed that caregivers who exhibited better quality of care practice had well-nourished children. Such caregivers were more likely to practice good household and personal hygiene than those of poorly nourished children (97.1% vs 31.8%, p<0.001). They were also more likely to complete their children's immunization schedules (88.2% vs 62.2%, p<0.001), provide good quality diets from highly diversified sources (79% vs 23%, p<0.001), exhibit high responsiveness during feeding (100% vs 22.7%, p<0.001) and feed under hygienic conditions (100% vs 22.7%, p<0.001). Based on the findings it was concluded that good caregiving practices are associated with improved child nutritional status.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제21권8호
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• pp.369-376
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• 2021

One of the most active areas of research in the field of affective computing and signal processing is emotion recognition. This paper proposes emotion recognition of low-resource (Sindhi) language. This work's uniqueness is that it examines the emotions of languages for which there is currently no publicly accessible dataset. The proposed effort has provided a dataset named MAVDESS (Mehran Audio-Visual Dataset Mehran Audio-Visual Database of Emotional Speech in Sindhi) for the academic community of a significant Sindhi language that is mainly spoken in Pakistan; however, no generic data for such languages is accessible in machine learning except few. Furthermore, the analysis of various emotions of Sindhi language in MAVDESS has been carried out to annotate the emotions using line features such as pitch, volume, and base, as well as toolkits such as OpenSmile, Scikit-Learn, and some important classification schemes such as LR, SVC, DT, and KNN, which will be further classified and computed to the machine via Python language for training a machine. Meanwhile, the dataset can be accessed in future via https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5213073.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제49권5호
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• pp.643-654
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• 2019

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop and psychometrically test the Korean Geriatric Loneliness Scale (KGLS). Methods: The initial items were based on in-depth interviews with 10 older adults. Psychometric testing was then conducted with 322 community-dwelling older adults aged 65 or older. Content, construct, and criterion-related validity, classification in cutoff point, internal consistency reliability, and test-retest reliability were used for the analysis. Results: Exploratory factor analysis showed three factors, including 15 items explaining 91.6% of the total variance. The three distinct factors were loneliness associated with family relationships (34.3%), social loneliness (32.4%), and a lack of belonging (24.9%). As a result of confirmatory factor analysis, 14 items in the three-factor structure were validated. Receiver operating characteristic analysis demonstrated that the KGLS' cutoff point of 32 was associated with a sensitivity of 71.0%, specificity of 80.2%, and area under the curve of .83. Reliability, as verified by the test-retest intraclass correlation coefficient, was .89, and Cronbach's ${\alpha}$ was .90. Conclusion: As its validity and reliability have been verified through various methods, the KGLS can contribute to assessing loneliness in South Korean older adults.

• 한국정보기술학회논문지
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• 제17권9호
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• pp.123-131
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• 2019

최근 소셜 네트워크 서비스 사용자들은 게시글을 통해 사회적 이슈 및 관심 콘텐츠들에 대한 자신의 감정을 적극적으로 표현하고 공유한다. 그 결과 소셜 네트워크에서의 개인 및 특정 집단의 감정 공유는 빠르게 확산된다. 그러므로 사용자들의 게시글에 대한 감정 분석 연구가 활발히 진행되고 있다. 그렇지만 다양한 감정이 포함된 게시글에 대한 감정 분석 연구가 미흡하다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 해시태그와 이미지를 이용한 인스타그램 게시글의 대표 감정 분석 방법을 제안한다. 이를 통해 사용자 게시글에 포함된 다종의 리소스를 활용하여 다중의 감정으로부터 대표 감정을 추출할 수 있으며 66.4%의 정확도와 81.7%의 재현율로 기존 방법보다 감정 분류 성능 향상을 보인다.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제46권2호
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• pp.126-135
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• 2022

Background: Pollinators are important ecological elements due to their role in the maintenance of ecosystem health, wild plant reproduction, crop production and food security. The pollinator-plant interaction supports the preservation of plant and animal populations and it also improves the yield in pollination dependent crops. Having knowledge about the plant-pollinator interaction is necessary for development of pesticide risk assessment of pollinators and conservation of endangering species. Results: Traditional methods to discover the relatedness of insects and plants are based on tracing the visiting pollinators by field observations as well as palynology. These methods are time-consuming and needs expert taxonomists to identify different groups of pollinators such as insects or identify flowering plants through palynology. With pace of technology, using molecular methods become popular in identification and classification of organisms. DNA metabarcoding, which is the combination of DNA barcoding and high throughput sequencing, can be applied as an alternative method in identification of mixed origin environmental samples such as pollen loads attached to the body of insects and has been used in DNA-based discovery of plant-pollinator relationship. Conclusions: DNA metabarcoding is practical for plant-pollinator studies, however, lack of reference sequence in online databases, taxonomic resolution, universality of primers are the most crucial limitations. Using multiple molecular markers is preferable due to the limitations of developed universal primers, which improves taxa richness and taxonomic resolution of the studied community.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.165-171
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• 2023

Trauma remains a significant healthcare burden, causing over five million yearly fatalities. Notably, the liver is a frequently injured solid organ in abdominal trauma, especially in patients under 40 years. It becomes even more critical given that uncontrolled hemorrhage linked to liver trauma can have mortality rates ranging from 10% to 50%. Liver injuries, mainly resulting from blunt trauma such as motor vehicle accidents, are traditionally classified using the American Association for the Surgery of Trauma grading scale. However, recent developments have introduced the World Society of Emergency Surgery classification, which considers the patient's physiological status. The diagnostic approach often involves multiphase computed tomography (CT). Still, newer methods like split-bolus single-pass CT and contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) aim to reduce radiation exposure. Concerning management, nonoperative strategies have emerged as the gold standard, especially for hemodynamically stable patients. Incorporating angiography with embolization has also been beneficial, with success rates reported between 80% and 97%. However, it is essential to identify the specific source of bleeding for effective embolization. Given the severity of liver trauma and its potential complications, innovations in diagnostic and therapeutic approaches have been pivotal. While CT remains a primary diagnostic tool, methods like CEUS offer safer alternatives. Moreover, nonoperative management, especially when combined with angiography and embolization, has demonstrated notable success. Still, the healthcare community must remain vigilant to complications and continuously seek improvements in trauma care.

• 스마트미디어저널
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.35-43
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• 2024

During the post-pandemic period, the interest in foreign language learning surged, leading to increased usage of language-learning apps. With the rising demand for these apps, analyzing app reviews becomes essential, as they provide valuable insights into user experiences and suggestions for improvement. This research focuses on extracting insights into users' opinions, sentiments, and overall satisfaction from reviews of HelloTalk, one of the most renowned language-learning apps. We employed topic modeling and emotion analysis approaches to analyze reviews collected from the Google Play Store. Several experiments were conducted to evaluate the performance of sentiment classification models with different settings. In addition, we identified dominant emotions and topics within the app reviews using feature importance analysis. The experimental results show that the Random Forest model with topics and emotions outperforms other approaches in accuracy, recall, and F1 score. The findings reveal that topics emphasizing language learning and community interactions, as well as the use of language learning tools and the learning experience, are prominent. Moreover, the emotions of 'admiration' and 'annoyance' emerge as significant factors across all models. This research highlights that incorporating emotion scores into the model and utilizing a broader range of emotion labels enhances model performance.

• 생태와환경
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• 제47권2호
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• pp.103-115
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• 2014

오대산 국립공원 노인봉(해발고도 1,338 m) 일대의 산지삼림식생은 산지낙엽활엽수림, 산지습성림, 산지침엽수림, 아고산침엽수림, 아고산활엽수림, 산지관목림, 식재림으로 세분되었으며, 평지삼림식생은 하반림, 기타식생으로 암벽식생, 농경지 등이 조사되었다. 상관대분류에 의하여 구분된 각각의 산지삼림식생을 구성하고 있는 분포군락수는 산지낙엽활엽수림은 62개 군락, 산지습성림 85개 군락, 산지침엽수림 18개 군락, 아고산침엽수림 4개 군락, 아고산활엽수림 4개 군락, 산지관목림 2개 군락, 식재림 21개 군락, 하반림 1개 군락, 기타식생 7개 군락이 조사되었다. 조사된 주요 군락의 분포 비율을 보면 산지낙엽활엽수림은 신갈나무군락이 $36,970,088.196m^2$의 48.140%로 가장 높은 분포 비율로 조사되었고, 굴참나무군락이 $3,078,054.002m^2$의 4.008%, 졸참나무군락 $2,079,416.007m^2$, 2.708%를 차지하고 있으며, 노인봉일대 산지낙엽활엽수림의 78.175%는 신갈나무가 우점 또는 차우점종으로 분포하고 있다. 산지습성림은 들메나무-층층나무군락이 전체의 15.482%를 차지하고 있으며, 들메나무와 상층부의 식피율이 비슷하여 혼생군락을 이루고 있는 군락은 8개 군락으로 전체의 17.368%를 차지하고 있다. 산지침엽수림은 소나무 군락이 전체의 78.091%로서 대부분의 산지침염수림은 소나무 1종이 상층부에서 우점종으로 나타나는 군락의 양상을 나타내고 있다. 기타식생에서 아고산침엽수림은 전나무-신갈나무군락 등 총 3개 군락이 조사되었으며 오대산 국립공원 전체 식생면적의 0.005%를 차지하고 있다. 아고산활엽수립은 사스래나무군락 등 총 4개 군락이 조사되었으며 오대산 국립공원 전체 식생면적의 0.443%를 차지하고 있다. 식재림은 일본잎갈나무가 식재림 전체의 72.222%로 가장 많이 식재되었으며, 식재림이 17.721%, 잣나무가 2.613%로 3개 수종이 전체의 92.556%로 대부분이 이들 3종에 의하여 식재되어졌다. 결론적으로 오대산 국립공원 노인봉 일대의 산림식생은 신갈나무, 소나무, 피나무, 들메나무, 층층나무, 졸참나무, 굴참나무 등 소수의 수종들이 최상층부의 우점종으로 구성되어 있으며, 이들 종들과 관련된 수많은 군락들은 식생천이 및 기후적 요인들에 의하여 군락 대체가 매우 빠르게 일어날 것으로 보인다. 따라서 이 지역 일대 잠재 자연 식생의 주요종은 산지낙엽활엽수림은 신갈나무, 산지습성림은 들메나무, 산지낙엽활엽수림과 산지습성림의 경계부 중 습도가 높은 계곡은 층층나무, 들메나무, 사면부는 피나무, 신갈나무 등에 의하여 우점될 것으로 보인다. 그러나 아고산의 침염수림은 기후온난화 등에 의하여 점차적으로 낙엽활엽수의 분포비율이 증가할 것으로 보인다.

• 생태와환경
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• 제46권4호
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• pp.570-580
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• 2013

덕유산 일대 삼림식생은 산지삼림식생과 기타 식생으로 대별되어있다. 산지삼림식생은 산지낙엽활엽수림, 산지습성림, 산지침엽수림, 아고산침엽수림, 산지관목림, 식재림 등으로 세분되었으며, 기타 식생은 농경지, 암벽식생, 2차 초지 등으로 조사되었다. 상관대분류에 의하여 구분된 산지삼림식생의 분포군락수는 산지낙엽활엽수림 61개 군락, 산지습성림 55개 군락, 산지침엽수림 17개 군락, 아고산침엽수림 6개 군락, 산지관목림 3개 군락, 식재림 50개 군락, 기타 식생 3개 군락의 총 95개 군락이 조사되었다. 조사된 주요 군락의 분포 비율을 보면 산지낙엽활엽수림은 신갈나무군락이 $61,073,102.23m^2$의 30.14%로 가장 높은 분포 비율로 조사되었고, 굴참나무군락이 $10,864,051.79m^2$의 5.36%, 졸참나무군락 $7,991,819.05m^2$ 3.94%로 3개 군락이 전체의 39.44%를 차지하고 있었으며, 산지습성림은 들메나무군락과 층층나무군락이 전체의 9.93%, 1.28%로 덕유산 일대의 산지습성림은 들메나무군락과 층층나무군락이 전체의 11.21%로 대부분을 차지하고 있는 것으로 조사되었다. 산지침엽수림은 소나무군락이 전체의 9.67%로서 대부분의 산지침염수림은 소나무 1종이 상층부에서 우점종으로 나타나는 군락의 양상을 나타내고 있다. 식재림은 일본잎갈나무가 식재림 전체의 3.55%로 가장 많이 식재되었으며, 리기다소나무가 2.16%, 잣나무가 1.58%로 3개 수종이 전체의 7.29%로 대부분이 이들 3종에 의하여 식재되어졌다. 결론적으로 덕유산 국립공원 일대 삼림식생은 신갈나무, 졸참나무, 굴참나무, 들메나무, 층층나무, 소나무 등 소수의 수종이 최상층부의 우점종으로 분포하고 있으며 2종에 의하여 형성된 수많은 군락들은 식생천이 및 기후적 요인에 의하여 이 지역 일대의 극상수종인 신갈나무, 서나무, 들메나무 등으로 군락 대체가 예상된다. 그러나 아고산침엽수림은 기후온난화와 인위적 교란에 의하여 점차적으로 낙엽활엽수의 분포비율이 증가할 것으로 보인다.