• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.55 no.1
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• pp.80-87
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• 2022

Objectives: Dengue remains hyperendemic in Malaysia despite extensive vector control activities. With dynamic changes in land use, urbanisation and population movement, periodic updates on dengue transmission patterns are crucial to ensure the implementation of effective control strategies. We sought to assess shifts in the trends and spatial patterns of dengue in Kelantan, a north-eastern state of Malaysia (5°15'N 102°0'E). Methods: This study incorporated data from the national dengue monitoring system (eDengue system). Confirmed dengue cases registered in Kelantan with disease onset between January 1, 2016 and December 31, 2018 were included in the study. Yearly changes in dengue incidence were mapped by using ArcGIS. Hotspot analysis was performed using Getis-Ord Gi to track changes in the trends of dengue spatial clustering. Results: A total of 10 645 dengue cases were recorded in Kelantan between 2016 and 2018, with an average of 10 dengue cases reported daily (standard deviation, 11.02). Areas with persistently high dengue incidence were seen mainly in the coastal region for the 3-year period. However, the hotspots shifted over time with a gradual dispersion of hotspots to their adjacent districts. Conclusions: A notable shift in the spatial patterns of dengue was observed. We were able to glimpse the shift of dengue from an urban to peri-urban disease with the possible effect of a state-wide population movement that affects dengue transmission.

• The Korean Journal of Archival Studies
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• no.33
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• pp.3-37
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• 2012

This article will examine the community archive movement, exploring its roots, its variety and the present developments. It will identify limitations of archival principles in managing community records, particularly on the many gaps and insufficiencies for dealing with historically marginalized groups in the contemporary archival infrastructure. Introducing paradigm shifts in the understanding of the role of archives, the author examines new challenges and opportunities of archival community on community archives.

• International Area Studies Review
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.195-218
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• 2011

Discussion of Economic Community in East Asia are active. This trend began in the late 20th from the EU and North America's regional economic integration is in response to the movement. East Asia in the late 1990s to the actual for the FTA, it was not very active. As East Asian Economic Community became one of agendas for ASEAN+3 Leaders' meeting since 2004. Japan has been positioned itself as a leading country in East Asia. However, the emergence of China in the East Asian economic community have been changes. Moreover, East Asian countries began concerns over regional economic community with frequent conclusions of FTAs and China is leading the discussion on strengthening economic cooperation in the region. Some of it in terms of economic community in East Asia will not be smooth. First, East Asian countries do not have a common goal. Second, East Asian countries have a lot of diversity. Third, China and Japan are expected to compete in the championship. Therefore, East Asian economic community should be approached in the long-term perspective.

• 한국사회복지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2000.04a
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• pp.561-579
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• 2000

The purpose of this study is to grope for the improving the management in order that Korea community centers may put better welfare services to community residents. Community welfare center is a professional social welfare agency that meets welfare needs of community residents by offering synthetical and various welfare services in community according to social, economical, cultural, regional background. Community welfare center was established for clearing up the conflict between social classes after Industrial Revolution in England, for solving problems of women movement and immigration in America, for different purpose in other countries. But there is no difference between countries in the sense of welfare services activities centering around poor community though each purpose are different. It can be known that community center must perform the function as social welfare professional agency which aimed at community care program. Resource which are needed for management of community center are mostly in community and community center must strive to get resources which are in community. But all the weakness of finance and facility which community center has may not be solved by using community resources. Community welfare center is not fixated yet in Korea. And community residents has little understanding of community center. Thus national financial support is needed. Actually community has difficulty to mobilize community resource. The problem is how to carry out this national financial support effectively and going on study about this problem is needed.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.45 no.4
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• pp.420-443
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• 2012

An Individual-Based Model (IBM) was developed by employing natural and toxic survival rates of individuals to elucidate the community responses of benthic macroin-vertebrates to anthropogenic disturbance in the streams. Experimental models (dose-response and relative sensitivity) and mathematical models (power law and negative exponential distribution) were applied to determinate the individual survival rates due to acute toxicity in stressful conditions. A power law was additionally used to present the natural survival rate. Life events, covering movement, exposure to contaminants, death and reproduction, were simulated in the IBM at the individual level in small (1 m) and short (1 week) scales to produce species abundance distributions (SADs) at the community level in large (5 km) and long (1~2 years) scales. Consequently, the SADs, such as geometric series, log-series, and log-normal distribution, were accordingly observed at severely (Biological Monitoring Working Party (BMWP<10), intermediately (BMWP<40) and weakly (BMWP${\geq}50$) polluted sites. The results from a power law and negative exponential distribution were suitably fitted to the field data across the different levels of pollution, according to the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. The IBMs incorporating natural and toxic survival rates in individuals were useful for presenting community responses to disturbances and could be utilized as an integrative tool to elucidate community establishment processes in benthic macroin-vertebrates in the streams.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.69-86
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• 2010

The present study examined the cultural sensitivity of community members to migrant wives in Korea. A total of 12 community members: 4 neighbors, 4 practitioners, and 4 public officials from both urban and rural area were interviewed about their prior experiences with migrant wives. The participants provided their personal feelings and thoughts on a variety of issues involving migrant wives, such as cultural integration, cultural knowledge, opportunity equality, cultural originality, language usage, openness, and the movement toward a more multicultural society. Interview results indicated that the participants had perceived others' prejudice toward migrant wives in Korean society; the results also indicated that they wanted to participate in cultural festivals and gain knowledge of other cultures. The majority of the participants endorsed a uni-directional perspective on cultural adaption, and they thought of migrant wives as community members. The participants' attitudes toward a multicultural society were both positive and negative, and they suggested that Korean society is moving toward a broader perspective. Implications of the study and directions for future research were discussed.

• PNF and Movement
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.93-103
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• 2016

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the factors that increase fall risk in the residential environment and the perceived fall risk among community-dwelling elderly through comparisons between fallers and non-fallers. Methods: The subjects were 95 community-dwelling elderly aged 65 years and over residing in the metropolitan city of Ulsan. A structured questionnaire consisting of items on sociodemographics and health- and fall-related characteristics was used and data were collected from July to August 2015. The data were analyzed with the SPSS/WIN program. Results: Among recent fallers, 38.9% had diagnosed diseases when the fall occurred, 56.87% were fearful of a recurrent fall, and 86.5% stated that they were increasing their carefulness but that had led to a decrease in activity. There were significant differences between elders who had fallen at least once and elders who had no falls in age, health status, depression, the experience of falling, fear of falling, diseases, and medications. Conclusion: The results indicate a need to assess risk factors to identify older adults with a high risk for falling and the need to develop multifactorial intervention programs that consider both environmental and perceived risk factors as well as physical risk factors to reduce and prevent falls among the elderly.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.79-89
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• 2020

Since the Republic of Korea had been registered as the 24th member of OECD DAC in 2009, recent trend of Korea's ODA has showed drastic increase including agriculture and rural development sector. Particularly, various rural development projects have been implemented adopting development experience and methodology of Saemaul Undong (SMU, New Village Movement). This study implemented statistical analysis between villagers' participation and achievement of rural community development project, based on practical data out of 'Saemaul Undong Project in Myanmar', to suggest meaningful implication in terms of participatory rural development. It emphasized the importance and necessity of villagers' participation in rural development through regression analysis that proved positive correlation between villagers' participation and rural development project. It proves that income-generation part has significantly greater influence than capacity-building and living environment part in terms of rural community development project: Based on the analysis, comparing impact of each independent variable, income generation has 1.88 and 1.68 times greater impact than capacity-building and living environment respectively. The result, on the other side, rather raise the importance of careful consideration for project design and implementation to harmonize those three parts altogether especially rural development for developing countries: capacity-building and living environment parts suggests essential foundation to make income generation successful that enables to secure project achievement and sustainability.

• The Journal of Korean society of community based occupational therapy
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.25-35
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• 2017

Objective : The aims of this study was to investigate the effects of modified constraint induced movement therapy(CIMT) on upper extremities function of children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy. Methods : The participants of this study are 4 children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy aged between 8 to 11 years old. During the modified CIMT period, the unaffected hand of the subjects was restrained by a hand splint for 8 weeks, five days per week, five hours a day. And the affected upper extremity was strongly trained by performing functional tasks, which were individually structured use of the affected arm. Measurements used to assess hand function are Jebsen Hand Function Test, and 3D Motion Analysis. The Jebsen Hand Function Test was performed repeatedly every two weeks. The 3D Motion Analysis was performed before and after the 8 weeks of modified constraint induced movement therapy. Results : After the modified CIMT, there was a significant improvement in completed time for the 6 tasks of Jebsen Hand Function Test(p<.05). 3D Motion Analysis was that the finger tapping and the hand tapping has been significantly decreased (p<.05), and the pronation-supination movement has been significantly increased as well(p<.05). Conclusion : In the results of this study, it is evidenced that modified CIMT is effective treatment for upper extremities function of children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy. For future research, it is recommended to examine various periods and protocol of modified CIMT including impact of long periods application.

• Cross-Cultural Studies
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• v.31
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• pp.155-175
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• 2013

Meantime there has been a tendency to keep silent about the role of Afro-Ibero America Diaspora which contributed to the spirit of independence and the realization of country foundation ideology in the official history of Latin America. In some countries, although the collective resistance of Afro-Ibero America Diaspora, which intended to establish a liberal and equal society resisting against slavery and colonization system, was the foundation of independence and the establishment of a new country, their contribution has been difficult to leave an official trace in Caucasian criollo-centered history system. Along with the development of Hcienda in 17th Century, black slaves' collective resistance was developed mainly with el Virreinato de la Nueva Granada, the center of the Independence movement of Brazil and South America. The black people who escaped resisting against slavery formed communities and developed organized activities through various politics and social activities. However, such communities were mostly dispersed or destroyed by the colonial power, and the collective resistance of Afro-Ibero America Diaspora lost life. On the other side, in case of Colombia, a community of escaped black slaves which was formed in the early 17th Century is solely remaining in Latin America, moreover, Afro-Ibero America Diaspora's struggle for liberty and equality became the foundation for Comuneros revolution and Independence movement in the late 18th Century. Comuneros revolution which occurred in 1781 awoke self-awareness of liberty and equality, and became an ideological base for independence movement based on revolutional republicanism and philosophy of enlightenment. It is considered that South America's independence movement lead by $Sim{\acute{o}}n$ Boívar was a history that could not have started without historical base of Afro-Ibero America Diaspora's resistance against colonization system. Therefore, this study intends to discuss the role and achievement of Afro-Ibero America Diaspora in the process of independence of Latin America mainly with Colombia, which is the center of Independence movement of South America. Through this process, this study intends to revaluate historical contribution of Afro-Ibero America which has been relatively neglected meanwhile in the process of independence and the establishment of country.