• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.357-377
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• 2000

A parallel communicating automata system is an accepting device based on the communications between more automata working in parallel. It consists of several automata corking independently but communicating with each other by request. We survey several variants of parallel communicating automata systems with respect to their computational power. Other aspects like decidability and complexity matters are also briefly discussed. Some open problem sand directions for future research are finally pointed out.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.1-19
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• 2019

Objective: This study examined the mediating effects of child care teachers' self-esteem in the relationship between teachers' difficulties communicating with parents and teacher-child interactions. Methods: A total of 450 child care teachers answered questionnaires based on three research variables. Data were analyzed using SEM. Results: First, child care teachers' difficulties communicating with parents had a direct effect on teacher-child interactions. That is, child care teachers who experienced more difficulties communicating with parents showed more negative teacher-child interactions. Second, child care teachers' difficulties communicating with parents had an indirect effect on teacher-child interactions through teachers' self-esteem. In other words, when child care teachers experienced more difficulties communicating with parents, their self-esteem was lower, which led to increased negative teacher-child interactions. Conclusion/Implications: This study highlights the importance of effective communication between child care teachers and parents. In addition, these findings contribute to a better understanding of the mechanism by which child care teachers' difficulties communicating with parents influence teacher-child interactions.

• Archives of Craniofacial Surgery
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.225-228
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• 2016

The entrapment of intracranial air from the check valve system results in a tension pneumocephalus. It should be distinguished from simple pneumocephalus because they are intracranial space-occupying masses that can threaten life. Communicating hydrocephalus is a serious and frequent complication of post-traumatic head injury. Head injury is one of the most common causes in etiopathogenesis of communicating hydrocephalus. Here, we describe a case of a 65-year-old man who developed communicating hydrocephalus after a post-traumatic tension pneumocephalus. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case of communicating hydrocephalus developed after a post-traumatic tension pneumocephalus. Although the exact pathogenic mechanisms underlying the cascade following trauma remain unclear, communicating hydrocephalus after a tension pneumocephalus could be considered a possible complication.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.52 no.3
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• pp.240-242
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• 2012

The anterior choroidal artery has several kinds of variations. Among them, the transposition of anterior choroidal artery and posterior communicating artery origins has been extremely rare. We report a case with cerebral aneurysm arising from posterior communicating artery which origin was distal to the anterior choroidal artery and review the relevant literature.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.30 no.sup2
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• pp.197-202
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• 2001

Objective : The purpose of this study is to evaluate and compare surgical results of pterional(fronto-temporal) approach and interhemispheric approach for the high positioned anterior communicating artery aneurysm with our surgical experience. Methods : During the period between May 1990 and May 2001, 263 anterior communicating aneurysms were treated at the department of neurosurgery of Dong-A university hospital. Among them, 175 patients were operated by same operator. Thirty six out of the 175 cases were high positioned anterior communicating artery aneurysms located more than 15mm above the anterior clinoid process. Results : Pterional approaches were applied in 32 cases and interhemispheric approaches were applied in 4 cases of total 36 cases of the high positioned anterior communicating artery aneurysms. The 32 cases of pterional approach resulted in Good Recovery 20/32(63%), Moderate Disability 6/32(19%), Severe Disability 4/32(12%) and Dead 2/32(6%), and 4 cases of interhemispheric approach resulted in GR 3/4(75%) and MD 1/4(25%). Relatively, pterional approach showed poorer result on high positioned anterior communicating artery aneurysm located more than 19mm above the anterior clinoid process with GR 5/13(39%), MD 3/13(23%), SD 3/13(23%) and Dead 2/13(15%). Conclusion : Interhemispheric approach is preferable to pterional approach for certain cases of high positioned anterior communicating artery aneurysm located more than 19 mm above the anterior clinoid process because it provides adequate orientation to the regional anatomy, less retraction of frontal lobe and preservation of the olfactory tract and gyrus rectus without any surgical complications.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.47 no.5
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• pp.392-394
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• 2010

Trochlear nerve palsy associated with spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is known to be a rare malady. We report here on a patient who suffered with left trochlear nerve palsy following rupture of a right posterior communicating artery aneurysm. A 56-year-woman visited our emergency department with stuporous mental change. Her Hunt-and-Hess grade was 3 and the Fisher grade was 4. Cerebral angiography revealed a ruptured aneurysm of the right posterior communicating artery. The aneurysm was clipped via a right pterional approach on the day of admission. The patient complained of diplopia when she gazed to the left side, and the ophthalmologist found limited left inferolateral side gazing due to left superior oblique muscle palsy on day 3. Elevated intracranial pressure, intraventricular hemorrhage or a dense clot in the basal cisterns might have caused this trochlear nerve palsy.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.93-105
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• 2017

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the trajectories of mobile phone use with reference to its purposes, and to examine the effects of gender and interpersonal factors on the same in early adolescents. Methods: Latent growth modeling was used with a sample of 2,378 early adolescents from Grade 4 to 8. Data from the Korean Children and Youth Panel Survey conducted by the National Youth Policy Institute were used. Results: In boys and girls, overtime, the level of mobile phone use for communicating with family decreased, while that for communicating with friends increased. Level of mobile phone use for entertainment increased across time in boys; however, in girls, it increased from Grade 4 to 6 and decreased thereafter, until Grade 8. Gender was associated with the changes of mobile phone use according to the purpose of the same. Positive parenting, negative parenting, relationships with peers, and relationships with teachers predicted changes in mobile phone use for communicating with friends. Conclusion: These findings suggest that the processes involved in the trajectories of mobile phone use in early adolescence operate differently based on the purposes of the same. Additionally, the present results show that interpersonal factors are highly associated with mobile phone use for communicating with friends.

• International Journal of Fuzzy Logic and Intelligent Systems
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.10-15
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• 2009

With the development of techniques, robots are getting smaller, and the number of robots needed for application is greater and greater. How to coordinate large number of autonomous robots through local interactions has becoming an important research issue in robot community. Swarm Robot Systems (SRS) is a system that independent autonomous robots in the restricted environments infer their status from pre-assigned conditions and operate their jobs through the cooperation with each other. In the SRS, a robot contains sensor part to percept the situation around them, communication part to exchange information, and actuator part to do a work. Especially, in order to cooperate with other robots, communicating with other robots is one of the essential elements. Because Bluetooth has many advantages such as low power consumption, small size module package, and various standard protocols, it is rated as one of the efficient communicating technologies which can apply to small-sized robot system. In this paper, we will develop Bluetooth communicating system for autonomous robots. And we will discuss how to construct and what kind of procedure to develop the communicating system for group behavior of the SRS under intelligent space.

• International Journal of Fuzzy Logic and Intelligent Systems
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.17-21
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• 2007

Multi-Agent Robotic System (MARS) is a system that independent autonomous robots in the restricted environments infer their status from pre-assigned conditions and operate their jobs through the cooperation with each other. In the MARS, a robot contains sensor part to percept the situation around themselves, communication part to exchange information, and actuator part to do given work. Especially, in order to cooperate with other robots, communicating with other robots is one of the essential elements. Because Bluetooth has many advantages such as low power consumption, small size module package, and various standard protocols, Bluetooth is rated as one of the efficient communicating technologies which can apply to small-sized robot system. In this paper, we will develop Bluetooth communicating system for autonomous robots. For the purpose, the communication system must have several features-separated module, flexible interface. We will discuss how to construct and what kind of procedure to develop the communicating system.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.65 no.1
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• pp.40-48
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• 2022

Objective : Placement of a single transverse stent via the nondominant A1 across the anterior communicating artery (AComA) into the contralateral A2 can provide sufficient neck coverage for wide-necked bifurcation AComA aneurysms. The authors described the feasibility, safety and long-term outcomes of this technique. Methods : Between January 2015 and February 2018, placement of a single transverse stent via the nondominant A1 was attempted in 17 wide-necked bifurcation AComA aneurysms. The authors reviewed the medical records and radiological studies. Results : The technical success rate was 94.1% (16/17). Periprocedural thromboembolic complications occurred in one patient (6.3%) without permanent neurological deficits. The mean clinical follow-up duration was 39.9±9.8 months. No deaths or delayed thromboembolic complications occurred. The mean angiographic follow-up duration was 38.9±9.8 months. The immediate and final follow-up complete occlusion rates were 87.4 and 93.7%, respectively. There was no recanalization during the follow-up period. Conclusion : Placement of a single transverse stent via the nondominant A1 across the AComA into the contralateral A2 is a feasible and relatively safe endovascular technique for the treatment of wide-necked bifurcation AComA aneurysms, with good long-term occlusion rates and a reasonable complication rate, if only the nondominant A1 is applicable.