• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.20-29
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• 2012

The study was intended to evaluate common spaces of office building in view point of universal design. The common spaces were access road, main entrance, parking lot, corridor, and restroom. Two office buildings in Centum city of Busan were evaluated by their workers, each 100 ones. The check list for evaluating them consisted of 36 universal design elements which related to five common spaces. First, there were many universal design elements which need to be improved. Second, among five common spaces, restroom has the most elements to be rated low. First of all, at least one restroom for wheelchair should be provided each floor. Third, even though both of two office buildings were recently built, there were significant difference between their users' evaluations. This implies that the concept of universal design is not applied to office buildings well. Fourth, there were significant difference among users' evaluations according to age, especially in case of design related elements. This means that users' age is an important factor to be considered.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.35-46
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• 2016

Purpose: This paper aims to analyse the composition system of architectural elements including shape, kinetic and material elements of kinetic facades and establish the design parameter system as a common conceptual and practical knowledge sharing platform with mechanical and electrical experts. Method: This research has been conducted in a three steps. At first, 120 cases of external shading devices are analyzed and their classification criteria have been established. Secondly geometric, kinetic and material elements are categorized in a common kinetic facade coordinates system considering environmental effects and operation method, and the applicability of combination of each element are tested. Lastly core design parameters for each element have been established in a common office building installation coordinate. Result: Geometry elements are categorized into seven geometric shapes and kinetic elements is categorized into basic linear and rotational motion and combinational folding and rolling motion. The combined set of parameters for three elements composes the whole design parameters for architectural elements of kinetic façade. Design parameters of shape elements are composed of shape, installation and arrangement parameters; design parameters for kinetic elements are composed of axis and range parameters; and design parameters of material elements are composed of thermal, lighting and color parameters.

• Journal for History of Mathematics
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.243-254
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• 2016

This research identifies the elements of the methodologies of Newton's discovery of his dynamics. These methodologies involve the transformation of preceding theoretical concepts and the discovery of common cause. This essay consists of two parts within historical case studies of Newton's works. The elements of the method of discovery consists of the transformation of preceding concepts and the identification of common cause in the formation of the research program's hard cores and protective belts. Newton transformed their predecessors' concepts to find out appropriate common causes in his dynamical theory. The transformed theoretical concepts are synthesized to be constructed as the elements of common cause which provide the foundations of Newtonian research programs.

• Journal of the Korean Society for information Management
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.21-47
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• 2000

Keeping the semantic interoperability between different formats is very important for reuseing and consistently processing metadata. This article is to design common schema and KORMARC schema based on RDF schema. For this, common elements are made by comparison of Dublin Core elements and KORMARC fields. The schema of these elements is designed for construction of semantic interoperability, basing RDF schema specification and syntax specification. Eventually, the semantic interoperability between a number of metadata formats can be constructed by matching the common elements to each attribute of format. KORMARC schema is designed by the application of common schema.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.161-171
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to examine the preferences about component elements of Public Space of apartment housing in Daegu. This study is based on the survey of thirty nine apartment complex in seventeen construction companies to create images and component elements types. Also, by using an questionnaire analysis derived from a precedent study, component elements in the porch and interior common space of apartment residents are comprehended. The survey analysis of the porch is researched and divided according to a form of porch, designs and lights of ceiling. Interior common space is analyzed by several elements; forms of core, designs and lights of ceiling, design of walls and floors, necessity of windows, and necessity of public facilities. The questionnaire is composed of 40 items and it was returned by one hundred sixty two respondents. As a result of the study, After the enforcement of price deregulation, the porch and interior common space of apartments has had improved quality. However, by questionnaire survey of respondents showed preferences of each element and necessary facilities. Thus, i hope that this study is an excellent source for apartment design.

• Journal of The Korean Digital Architecture Interior Association
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.35-42
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• 2007

Common residential environment is synthetic forms promote with organic organization of varied cultures and images. Users perceive and classify about these environments of feeling and atmosphere of each elements through their experiences and memories, not fixed point of view. In Korea, park designing of common residential room is in operation monotonously attach importance to economical efficiency without aesthetic structures, varied tries of materials, multiplicity, congruity of surrounding, and user-oriented plan. Recently, in policy of park designing has elements that obstruct to characteristic of environment because of applied to wrong guidelines which are end in investigation to model of an advanced countries'. In conclusion, this investigation shows improve on quality of park planning with the pivot of the matter is for users of common residential room. and park planning needs to multidimensional achieve.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.249-261
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to extract empathy factor in scientists' problem-solving process and to examine how the empathy factor influences scientists' problem-solving situation. In this study, we selected six common persons among the scientists mentioned by creativity researchers. And through their autobiographies and biographies, we extracted elements of empathy from their case of problem-solving and categorized them. We analyzed cases from 12 books and 50 papers using Davis' empathy scale as an analysis framework and extracted common factors. As a result, the scientific empathy elements were extracted from a total of 182 cases, and 33 common elements were found. The validity of this case was verified through the content validity test of the science education specialist group. As a result, the I-CVI average was .86 and the S-CVI average was .90. For the empathy elements that scientists used in problem-solving cases, in cognitive empathy, three elements (empathy through other disciplines, empathy from the perspective of the research object, accommodating others' opinions) were extracted in terms of perspective-taking, and three elements (imagination thought experiment based on observation, thought experiment, feeling like part of object) in fantasy. And in affective empathy, three elements (influenced by fellow researchers' motivation, touching from the subject, excitement studying more) were extracted in terms of empathic concern and two elements (heartache for others' failure in their research, sensitivity to problems) in personal depression. This could not be said to be a perfect match for Davis' empathy, but it would be possible to define the scientific empathy elements based on these common elements found in the scientists' cases.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.134-147
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to analyze fashion brands' contents and characteristics of the participation platform of users, to assess the types and strategies of mass customization(MC). Most fashion brands sell one professional content: Shoes brands were the most common, followed by bags, unisex wear, and menswear. In consumer's design selection elements, changes in color and materials were the most common. For the personalization service elements, monogram service was the most common. The results of MC types analysis were as follows, Customized Standardization was the most common, followed by Tailored Customization, Pure Customization, and Segmented Standardization. For the types according to changes in products and expression methods, Cosmetic was the most common. And the classification according to modulation, Modularizers were the most common. For Creativity, brands in the making stage were the most common. For Flexibility, although brands different methods, high flexibility by modularizing design elements of products and accomplishing various design through participation. The Ease of use for various expression was generally high, parallel to Flexibility. For Durability, because consumers could receive end products only when they participated in the assembly stage in the on-line purchase, their continuous participation was not possible, so they participated only once. The typical types and strategy of MC were analyzed. The Customized Standardization type was the most common in shoes, bag, and womenswear brands. It was the Cosmetic type which could change colors and materials, the Modularizers, and had high Flexibility and Ease of use and low Durability.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.17 no.10
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• pp.1239-1252
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• 2014

The OST (Original Sound Track) in the film plays a vital role in increasing consensus and concentration to the storyline. The selected 4 animations are classified into 17 Narrative Processes (NP) by using NP Classification Model [1]. For the NPs each having OSTs, the authors have investigated 6 kinds of objective musical elements of the OST such as sound (speech, music, effect), tonality, tempo, range, intensity, and instrumentation. It is found that there are 33.3% common musical elements among all of them for the NPs with OSTs commonly. Among them, it is also found that there are 71.9% of common properties of the musical element. This research is meaningful by firstly showing that there are common properties of objective musical elements in each NP and the corresponding OST.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Medical Physics Conference
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• 2006.08a
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• pp.26-26
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• 2006