• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.241-245
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• 1998

The plunging ranula or cervical ranula is amucous extravasation cyst of the sublingual gland. It is slightly common in females, shows no side preference, and is more prevalent in the second and third decades of life. It typically manifests as a painless, nonmobile swelling in the neck. The pathogenesis of plunging ranula is the discontinuities of the mylohyoid muscle in a position that would allow extravasation of sublingual gland mucin. The histologic appearance is characteristically of a cyst, devoid of epithelium or endothelium, with a vascular fibro-connective tissue wall containing some chronic inflammatory cells and macrophages stuffed with mucin. The correct diagnosis is essential for the most effective treatment, which is exicision of the sublingual gland. The plunging ranula must be differentiated clinically and histomorphologically from thyroglossal duct cyst, dermoid cyst, branchogenic cyst, lymphangioma, laryngocele, lipoma, hemangioma, cervial thymic cyst, cysts of the parathyroid or thyroid gland, lymphadenopathy, abscess, or tumor. We report a case and review the literatures, in our case, 23-year old man were diagnosis as plunging ranula after have been taken sialogam, MRI, etc. He underwent surgery via a cervical approach. The ranula reached the anterior neck by passing through a dehiscence in the mylohyoid muscle. A pseudocyst was extirpated. Although total sublingual gland excision was not performed, no recurrence was observed during 6 months follow-up periods.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.87-90
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• 2012

Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is the most common cancer in northeastern Thailand. At present, effective diagnosis of CCA either in humans or animals is not available. Monitoring the development and progression of CCA in animal models is essential for research and development of new promising chemotherapeutics. Ultrasonography has been widely used for screening of bile duct obstruction in CCA patients. In this study, we preliminarily investigated the applicability of ultrasonography to monitor the development and progression of CCA in Syrian golden hamsters (n=8) induced by Opisthorchis viverrini (OV)/dimethylnitrosamine (DMN) administration. Ultrasonography and histopathological examination of hamsters was performed at week 0, 20, 24 and 28 of OV infection or at the start of water/Tween-80 administration to controls. The ultrasonographic images of liver parenchyma and gallbladders of OV/DMN-induced CCA hamsters showed sediments in gallbladder, thickening of gallbladder wall, and hypoechogenicity of liver parenchyma cells. The ultrasonographic images of liver tissues were found to correlate well with histopathological examination. Although ultrasonography does not directly detect the occurrence of CCA, it reflects the thickening of bile ducts and abnormality of liver tissues. It may be applied as a reliable tool for monitoring the development and progression of CCA in animal models in research and development of new promising chemotherapeutics for CCA.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.166-169
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• 2016

Afferent loop obstruction following gastrectomy is a rare but fatal complication. Clinical features of afferent loop obstruction are mainly gastrointestinal symptoms. A 56-year-old female underwent radical total gastrectomy with Roux-en-Y esophagojejunostomy for treatment of advanced gastric cancer. After fourteen months postoperatively, she showed gradual development of edema of both legs. Computed tomography (CT) scan showed disease progression at the jejunojejunostomy site and consequent dilated afferent loop, which resulted in inferior vena cava (IVC) compression. A drainage catheter was placed percutaneously into the afferent loop through the intrahepatic duct and an IVC filter was placed at the suprarenal IVC, and self-expanding metal stents were inserted into bilateral common iliac veins. With these procedures, sympotms related with afferent loop obstruction and deep vein thrombosis were improved dramatically. The follow-up abdominal CT scan was taken 3 weeks later and revealed the completely decompressed afferent loop and improved IVC patency. Surgical treatment should be considered as the first choice for afferent loop obstruction; however, because it is more immediate and less invasive, non-surgical modalities, such as percutaneous catheter drainage or stent placement, can be effective alternatives for inoperable cases or risky patients who have severe medical comorbidities.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.52 no.9
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• pp.1035-1037
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• 2009

Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is a common congenital heart defect. All PDAs, regardless of size or degree of symptoms, require occlusion. Transcatheter PDA occlusion features fewer complications than trans-thoracic closure. It is also more cost-effective and has an excellent occlusion rate. Therefore, transcatheter PDA occlusion is accepted as the standard treatment option for PDA. However, tubular-type PDAs are difficult to close with ordinary detachable coils or the Amplatzer Duct Occluder; thus, these lesions remain a challenge for transcatheter closure. We attempted to occlude a tubular-type PDA by using an oversized Amplatzer Vascular Plug, which allowed intraluminal packing of the ductus. By using this treatment method, PDA occlusion was achieved safely with an excellent final outcome. We suggest that this approach may be a good option for transcatheter closure of a tubular-type PDA.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.407-413
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• 1997

The soft tissue injuries of Oral & Maxillofacial region include abrasion, contusion, simple laceration, laceration of skin with underlying tissue, soft tissue injuries combined with facial bone fracture and involving functional structures such as facial nerve and vessel, orbit, lacrimal duct and salivary gland and so on. The results obtained were as follows ; 1. The age range was 1 to 97, and the highest incidence occured in the 3rd decade(23.4%), followed by the 1st decade(20.2%), 4th decade(18.1%), 4th decade(18.1), and 5th decade(14.3%) 2. The sexual ration was 4 : 1(M : F). 3. The most common cause of facial laceration was a accident(54.5), followed by blow(17.8%), traffic accident(15.9%) and unknown(10.8%). 4. The most frequently occurred site of injury was a forehead(24), followed by oral cavity(16.9%), lip(15%), eyebrow(14.5%), cheek(14%), chin(11.8%), nose(2%), scalp(1.4%) and neck(0.9%). 5. Most of wound size was less than 3cm in length. 6. 28 patients suffered facial bone fracture, representing 7%. 7. The major complications following facial laceration were infection and facial paralysis caused by facial nerve injuries, representing 4.5% and 1.9%.

• Archives of Craniofacial Surgery
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.44-45
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• 2017

Eccrine poroma is a common benign cutaneous tumor that originates in an intraepidermal eccrine duct. This tumor exhibits acral distribution (sole, palm), and is rarely encountered in the head and neck area. In fact eccrine poroma in the postauricular area has only been rarely reported. A 55-year-old female visited our hospital with a main complaint of a mass that first developed in the left postauricular area about a year previously. The mass was painless, soft, protruding, domed, and dark red in color, and had slowly enlarged (at presentation it measured $1\times1cm$). Excisional biopsy was performed. Histological examination showed distinct features, and eccrine poroma was diagnosed. Follow-up at 6 months postoperatively showed no recurrence. The frequency of eccrine poroma is dependent on eccrine sweat glands density, and thus, usually occurs on the palms or soles. For eccrine poroma in the head and neck region, the differential diagnosis must rule out other masses, such as nevus, skin tag, pyogenic granuloma, cyst, basal cell carcinoma, and seborrheic keratosis. Importantly, 18% of poromas show malignant transformation, and can develop into porocarcinoma. For these reasons, an eccrine poroma in the facial area requires histological examination, complete excision, and follow-up.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.46 no.5
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• pp.718-722
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• 1999

Thymoma is the most common tumor in the compartment of anterior mediastinum. The malignant thymoma is classified into invasive thymoma(category I) and thymic carcinoma(category II). Recently, well-differentiated thymic carcinoma is a proposed category 1.5 used to describe a subset of thymic epithelial tumors, allowing for the existence of intermediate form based on the clinical features and the histological characteristics. Thymic cyst is a congenital or a acquired disorder. Congenital thymic cyst may develop due to failure of the thymopharyngeal duct to obliterate and acquired thymic cyst develops from inflammation(multilocular thymic cyst), or neoplasm(cystic thymoma). Cystic degeneration in thymoma is a relatively frequent but focal event. In rare cases, the process proceeds to the extent that most or all of the lesion becomes cystic. Until now, well-differentiated thymic carcinoma with extensive cystic degeneration has not been reported in our country. We experienced a case of 14 year-old female patient showing extensive cystic degeneration in well-differentiated thymic carcinoma. And so we report it with review of the articles related.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.1041-1048
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• 2009

The development of skin metastasis is usually a morbid prognostic feature although they occur infrequently. Adenocarcinomas account for up to about 70% of all metastatic skin cancer. In general, adenocarcinomas are the most difficult metastatic tumor to accurately identify the primary site because they don't have distinctive histological features. For this reason, immunohistochemistry have been used to help identify the origin of metastatic adenocarcinomas. This study performed immunohistochemical staining with metastatic adenocarcinomas of the skin using a variety of antisera to find out characteristic immunohistochemical findings of them. This study was made upon the 29 cases of metastatic adenocarcinomas of the skin, which had been confirmed histopathologically in Chonbuk National University Hospital from January, 1986 to April, 2006, Paraffin blocks were colledted and homemade tissue arrays were made. We performed immunohistochemical staning using 12 antibodies (MUC1, 2, 5AC, 6, cytokeratin (CK) 7, 20, thyroid transcription factor-1 (TTF-1), estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), beta-catenin, cox-2, claudin-1). The mean age at the time of diagnosis was 60.7 years and the male to female ratio was 1.2:1.0. The most common primary site was lung, followed by stomach and colorectum. MUC1 was expressed by most colorectal, breast and lung adenocarcinoma. MUC2 was expressed infrequently. MUCSAC was expressed by most gastric and colorectal cancer MUC6 was not specific of any primary site in this series. CK7+/CK20+immunophenotype was observed in gastric, lung, colorectal adenocarcinoma. CK7+/CK20- immunophenotype was observed in breast, lung, endometrial, uterine cervical, bile duct adenocarcinoma, while CK7-/CK20+ immunophenotype was observed only in colorectal adenocarcinoma. This results show the utility of TTF-1 to confirm the pulmonary origin. On the other hand ER and PR were not useful markers to assess the origin of primary tumor in this series.

• Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.199-214
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• 2011

A crack is the main cause to affect the integrity of tunnel lining as well as leakage, spalling, exposed rebar, corrosion, carbonation and so on. Since the 1980, NATM has prevailed on excavation method and geotechnical philosophy in tunnel. Although the pattern of cracks has been reported by several engineers' effort, it was only focused on longitudinal cracks of lining. Eleven operational NATM tunnels have been conducted with the precise inspection for safety and diagnosis by KISTEC (Korea Infrastructure Safety and Technology Incorporation). With those results, the crack patterns by the spatial distribution and appearance for each tunnel have been analyzed and the cause of occurrence for seven common types of cracks in NATM tunnels was classified. Additionally, the longitudinal crack on lining above duct slab was figured out by numerical simulation and field inspection. Each crack has been analyzed by CCD (Charge-Coupled Device) scanner image with 3D configuration. Each type of cracks is also explained with output of experimental and condition of construction. Defined cracks on NATM tunnels will be good example for periodical inspection and precise inspection for safety and diagnosis.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.109-112
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• 2009

Purpose: Squamous cell carcinoma(SCC) of the lower lip is the most common malignant tumor comprising 90% of all lip SCC. The typical picture of SCC of the lower lip is of an ulcerated lesion with raised margins. Surgery is the treatment of choice for SCC of lower lip. Depending on the location and size of the tumor, different types of flaps are used. We used new method - 'both buccal mucosa transposition flap' for the reconstruction of the near total mucosal defect of the lower lip. Methods: This 67 - year - old men presented with the crusted $1cm{\times}1cm$ sized ulceration of the lower lip that was arised 30 years ago. There were no size and color change, except the bleeding and ulceration. At first, We diagnosed the SCC through the incisinal biopsy. Then We performed the wide excision of the tumor and reconstruction of the lower lip. After the excision of the whole tumor, the defect was measured at $8cm{\times}3.5cm$. We designed the buccal mucosa transposition flap taking care to avoid the parotid duct. The flap was made in a triangular shape for the reconstruction of defected lower lip. The donor site defect can be sutured primarily. Results: A patient in this study had no postoperative complications such as necrosis, dehiscence, infection of the flap or donor site. Reconstructed lower lip is relatively close to that of the natural lip; More satisfactory aesthetic and functional results can be obtained by using this technique rather than other techniques. Conclusion: 'Both buccal mucosa transposition flap' is reliable method for the reconstruction of the large lower lip mucosal defect. The operation is simple and performed in one stage, with no postoperative complications. This technique can offer consistently good functional and esthetic outcomes after reconstruction of lower lip mucosal defect.