• 한국가스학회지
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• 제11권2호통권35호
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• pp.10-14
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• 2007

인화점은 가연성 액체의 화재 위험성을 평가하기 위해 사용되는 중요한 특성치 중의 하나이다. 가연성 액체의 상대적인 화재 위험성을 나타낼 수 있는 특성치로서는 열방출속도(HRR), 최대열방출속도(PHRR), 발화지연시간(TTI),질량 감소율, CO및 $CO_2$발생량 등이 있다. 본 연구에서는 가연성 액체의 가연성 액체의 인화점과 화재 특성치와의 관계에 대해서 검토하였다. 이를 위하여 질량 감소율과 TTI를 측정하여 화재 특성치를 계산하였다. 그 결과, 가연성 액체의 인화점과 TTI와 관련된 화재 특성치가 상관성이 매우 높은 것으로 나타났다. 이 결과로부터 가연성 액체 화재의 상대적인 위험성을 평가할 수 있는 파라미터로 사용할 수 있었다.

• 청정기술
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.233-242
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• 2013

PVC 함유 가연성폐기물의 열분해시 Ca 계열 및 Fe 계열 산화물을 탈염 흡수제로 사용하여 생성물의 분포, 액상 생성물의 비점분포, 생성물의 염소 농도에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. Fe 계열 산화물 분말을 액상에서 흡수제로 사용시 오일의 수율이 뚜렷하게 감소하였다. 이러한 현상은 산화철이 열분해시 일부 열분해 촉매의 역할을 하였을 가능성을 나타낸다. 반면에 오일의 비점분포가 낮아지는 현상은 발견되지 않았으며 이러한 현상은 산화철의 촉매 반응성이 크지 않기 때문으로 보인다. Ca 계열 산화물 분말을 흡수제로 사용한 경우 오일 수율이 감소하는 현상은 발견되지 않았으며 비점분포도 큰 변화가 없었으나 탈염성능이 산화철 분말 흡수제 보다 더 우수하였다.

• International Journal of Safety
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.15-19
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• 2009

The flash point is the most widely used flammability property for the evaluation of the flammability hazard of combustible liquid mixtures. In this paper, the reported flash points for the the binary systems, ethylbenzene+n-butanol and ethylbenzene+n-hexanol were correlated by the optimization method. The optimization method based on the van Laar and Wilson equations were compared with the Raoult's law. The calculated values based on the optimization method were found to be better than those based on the Raoult's law.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.84-89
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• 2007

폭발하한계는 가연성물질의 화재 및 폭발 위험성을 결정하는데 사용되는 중요한 연소특성치의 하나이다. 본 연구에서 에스테르 화합물에 대한 폭발하한계는 액체 열역학이론을 근거로 표준끓는점과 인화점을 이용하여 예측하였다. 그 결과, 문헌값과 예측값의 A.A.P.E.(average absolute percent error)는 8.80vo1%이고, A.A.D.(average absolute deviation)는 0.18vo1% 그리고 상관계수는 0.965로써 문헌값과 예측값은 일치하였다. 제시된 방법론 사용에 의해 다른 가연성물질의 폭발하한계 예측이 가능하다.

• 한국산업융합학회 논문집
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.105-110
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• 2019

Most titanium alloy waste with cutting oil was discarded without recycling process so that it can be caused by metal and oil fires. However, there is no fire management system and studies on the titanium or titanium alloy waste in spite of high fire risk. The purpose of this experimental study is to identify the fire risk of the titanium alloy waste with cutting oil. We collected the 120g waste which was made in the biomedical titanium alloy cutting process. The waste was burned and conducted thermal image analysis with infrared camera. The experimental results which illustrated the process, characteristics, and trends of fire are presented. Firstly, the cutting oil was burned and partially the titanium alloy waste was burned. The maximum temperature of the fire was more than $650^{\circ}C$ in some specific spots. These results means when a lot of titanium alloy waste with cutting oil was ignited, this fire could connect the titanium fire. In other words, the fire has a flammable liquid fire and combustible metal fire at the same time. The experimental study could be used fire prevention, response, and investigation of the titanium alloy waste.

• 한국분무공학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.97-104
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• 2023

A sprinkler is a fire suppression system that extinguishes combustible materials in the early stages of a fire, creating a spray. However, spray formation method of the sprinkler can result in an uneven distribution of water spray on the surface of combustible materials. It is necessary to ensure a consistent water flux density regardless of the spray direction and angle. In this study, the water flux distribution was analyzed for the various types of sprinkler head: circular, flush, pendent, and upright types. All sprinkler heads have a K-factor of 80 LPM/(0.1MPa)^0.5. In this study, water collection cubes were used to examine the water flux distribution. The upright type sprinkler head showed a low standard deviation in total sprayed area, indicating a high level of uniformity. The upright type head showed the lowest standard deviation in the radial direction, and also showed the lowest standard deviation in the azimuthal direction. Upright sprinkler head has no obstructing structure along the path of droplets after they are generated. For this reason, upright sprinkler head showed the most uniform water flux distribution on the floor.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.18-23
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• 2014

Foam extinguishing agent is widely used for extinguishing combustible liquid fires. Compared to other foam type extinguishing agents, protein foam has relatively low cost and low toxicity and produces stable foam blanket which is excellent in heat resistance and sealability, despite it has weak fluidity. Therefore the study investigated foaming characteristics followed by various factors affecting the fluidity of the protein foam extinguishing agent. The extinguishing characteristics differentiated by the changes in fluidity were also experimented. Foaming performance was compared by measuring the expansion ratio and the 25% drainage time. Moreover, the 25% drainage time and the extinguishing time was compared. The results showed that the 25% drainage time and the expansion ratio were increased as the pressure of nozzle and the concentration of hydrolyzed protein liquid enlarged. However the foaming and extinguishing performance were not improved when the condition exceeded certain level of pressure and concentration. The fastest fire extinguishing condition was the nozzle pressure 4bar with the 85wt.% of concentration of hydrolyzed protein liquid.

• 청정기술
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.119-126
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• 2018

This study introduced a treatment process that was developed to treat Indonesian low-rank coal with high-ash content, which has the same characteristics as residual coal from the biosolubilization process. The treatment process includes separation of ash, solid-liquid separation, pelletizing, and drying. To reduce the ash content, flotation was performed using 4-methyl-2-pentanol (MIBC) as frother, and kerosene, waste oil, and cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL) as collectors. The increasing amount of collector had an effect on combustible coal recovery and ash reduction. After flotation, a filter press, extruder, and an oven drier were used to make a dried coal pellet. Then another coal pellet was made using asphalt as a binder. The compressive strength and friability of the coal pellets were tested and compared.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제29권6호
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• pp.76-80
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• 2014

The flash point is one of the most important physical properties used to determine the fire hazard of flammable liquid mixture and defined as the lowest temperature at which a liquid produces sufficient vapor to form a combustible mixture with air. The main purpose of this paper is to measure and predict the flash point of binary flammable miscible mixtures. The flash points for n-hexanol+n-butyric acid and n-butanol+propionic acid, were measured by using Seta-flash closed cup method. The experimentally derived data were correlated with the binary interaction parameters of the van Laar and NRTL equations through the optimization method. The flash points estimated by these correlations were compared with those calculated by the method based on Raoult's law. The optimization method were found to be better than the method based on the Raoult's law.

• 한국연소학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국연소학회 2013년도 제46회 KOSCO SYMPOSIUM 초록집
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• pp.61-64
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• 2013

Biomass is well known for organic resources photosynthesized by carbon dioxide water in the air and thus it can be widely used in the form of energy and production for various kinds of materials. Through pyrolysis, biomass can be transformed into solid(biochar), liquid(bio-oil), and combustible gas on the different condition of temperature and heating rate. That's why biomass can be practically used to preprocess and produce a variety of elements. This work is to analyze the characteristics of slow pyrolysis of three different kinds of biomass extracted from Indonesia. They showed similar moisture content and combinations of combustible matters and had quite a large discrepancy in the ash among them like 2.1 & of Bagasse, 91% of PKS, and 20.9% of Paddy Straw, respectively. yield of biochar, solid form of the biomass, steadily decreased when the temperature went up and that of bio-oil the highest at the temperature of 500 degrees Celsius. At the same temperature range, PKS bio-oil showed 51.4 % of yield and Bagasse had 55.1% while it turned out that Paddy straw showed the lowest yield of 37.2%. The apparent density was also measured to figure out the density of each product from the pyrolysis experiments at the temperature of 500 degrees Celsius. The result was like these; the density of biochar was 0.17, the lowest, and that of Tree stem was 1.3 when mixed by an equal amount of biochar and bio-oil.