• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈B:순수및응용수학
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.57-81
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• 2024

We introduce a new degree reduction method for homogeneous symmetric polynomials on binary variables that generalizes the conventional degree reduction methods on monomials introduced by Freedman and Ishikawa. We also design an degree reduction algorithm for general polynomials on binary variables, simulated on the graph coloring problem for random graphs, and compared the results with the conventional methods. The simulated results show that our new method produces reduced quadratic polynomials that contains less variables than the reduced quadratic polynomials produced by the conventional methods.

• 정보처리학회논문지B
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• 제11B권2호
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• pp.221-226
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• 2004

개미 집단 시스템(Ant Colony System ACS) 알고리즘은 조합 최적화 문제를 해결하기 위한 새로운 메타 휴리스틱 방법이다. 이것은 그리디 탐색뿐만 아니라 긍정적 피드백에 의한 탐색을 이용한 모집단에 근거한 접근법으로 조합 최적화 문제를 해결하기 위해 제안되었다. 최근까지 인접한 노드($v_i, v_j$)가 같은 색을 갖지 않도록 그래프 G의 노드 V에 색을 배정하는 문제인 그래프 착색 문제의 최적 해를 구하기 위하여 다양한 접근 방식들과 해법들이 제안되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 기존의 그래프 착색 문제의 해법으로 잘 알려진 그리디 알고리즘, 시뮬레이티드어넬링, 타부 탐색 등이 아닌 개미 집단 시스템 알고리즘으로 해법을 구하는 방법인 ANTCOL 알고리즘을 소개하고, ANTCOL을 해결하기 위해 제안된 기존의 생성 함수들(ANT_Random ANT_LF, ANT_SL, ANT_DSATUR, ANT_RLF)과, 본 논문에서 새롭게 제안된 방법으로 RLF에 무작위 기법을 적용한 XRLF를 생성 함수로 사용한 ANT_XRLF 방법과 ANT_XRLF에 재검색을 추가한 방법(ANT_XRLF_R)의 그래프 착색 결과 및 실행 시간을 비교, 분석하여 제안된 방법이 더 빠르게 수렴할 수 있음을 실험을 통해 알 수 있었다.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.27-37
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• 1957

High-fire stain is influenced by the conditions of glaze, firing atmosphere, etc. On the contrary, low fire stain is not influenced by those conditions but obtainable in arbitrary colors and it is indispensable for pottery decoration. It is difficult for us to study into the color in the sphere of result publication method and expression of color. Looking over the literature on this subject, I have been confronted with much difficulties, accordingly, I made a basic and systematic experiment as to six low-firing stains (blue, green, blue-green, brown black and yellow) and made it proper to be applied in these studies. On pigment, I confirmed the influence of the assistant coloring matter by mixing up the coloring matter and the assistant coloring matter in various proportions. On flux, I measured the melting point by making PbO-$SiO_2$ system and PbO-$B_2O_3-SiO_2$ system and decided the range of usage. Also I checked the coloring by making the pigment on laze with pigment and flux manufactured, and concluded the pigment and flux adaptation to it.

• 약학회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.48-50
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• 1957

The micro-assay methods of vanillin have been shown quite few, though several methods have been introduced for determination. A new sensitive micro-determination of vanillin, applying the yellow color reaction of vanillin and anillin, is shown in this paper. The absorption maximum of the yellow coloring matter, 4-Oxy-3-methoxy-henzal aniline, was 435 mu. The one dimensional ascending paper chromatographic method is applyed for isolation of vanillin from the mixed sample. The microdetection of vanillin is studied only in this paper. Vanillin was detected by the yellow spot on paper trip by the coloring reagent of aniline after several hours paper strip chromatographic at the following condition; paper strip ................ 2.5 X 35cm Whatman Filter Paper No.2 developing Solvent ......... petroleum-benzene-methanol n-butanol-water coloring agent ............. aniline. The Rf-value on petroleum benzene and methanol was 0.63 and that on n-butanol and water was 0.90. The minimum detectable amount of vanillin by this method was 10 micrograms. It is recommendable, if interference substances as aromatic aldehydes present, that the application of this aniline reaction and Foline Denis reaction on the same paper chromatogram is appreciable.

• 한국콘텐츠학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘텐츠학회 2005년도 추계 종합학술대회 논문집
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• pp.622-626
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• 2005

복셀 칼라링은 보정된 여러 장의 2차원 영상에서 3차원 형상을 복원하기 위한 널리 알려진 방법들 중 하나이다. 본 논문에서는 기존 복셀 칼라링 기법에서의 칼라 일치성 테스트의 문제점을 해결하기 위해 개선된 복셀 칼라링 기법을 제안한다. 제안하는 기법에서는 칼라 일치성 테스트에서 이중 문턱치와 가중치 요소를 이용하여 적응적인 문턱치를 주므로 향상된 복원 성능을 얻을 수 있게 하였다. 실제 영상을 이용한 복원 실험을 통해 제안하는 방법의 성능을 검증한다.

• 패션비즈니스
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.116-134
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• 2003

The beauty industry of today tends to gradually develope as one of the important marketing strategies along with the total fashion sector. Hair color, being one of the factors of hair style, especially builds his or her own image and even becomes the nonverbal communication method which let others know him/herself. Therefore, women's needs and expectations of hair coloring are varied. To meet these need, it is urgent to figure out, most of all, the status of customers' awareness about hair coloring. Thus, in this study, research and analysis on hair coloring were made, focusing on the women utilizing 20 beauty shops in Changwon city. And the goal that this study set is to use as the study material for the hair coloring consulting in the beauty industry and the basic data for marketing in the industry job-sites. The conclusion by the three factors(age, job, monthly income) were as follows: 1. Dandyism was on the 1st order in the reason for coloring hair regardless of age, job, and monthly income. This seems to be speaking for the change of women's awareness of coloring hair. 2. The subject of making decision upon whether she was going to color her hair or not was herself regardless of age, job, and monthly income. Among the people belong to these three factors, brown was the color in overall preference. 3. More than half of those who belong to the three factors were not aware of the hair color, but their senses and interest in the color in vogue were high. 4. In terms of the hair coloring periodic time, many people had $2{\sim}3$months, but it was possible to know that they were interested in improving their images, considering the fact that most of the salaried people had their hair dyed within a month and the people in service job over a month. 5. The acquaintance around me had the strongest effect in collecting information from the people in those three factors and mass media was the next. The results of this study, in my opinion, would help the customers have beautiful and healthy hair and make images of their own by making the hair designers develope professional knowledges and skills on the hair coloring and improve the quality of beauty services.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국신재생에너지학회 2007년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.297-300
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• 2007

In this study, we have attempted a new method to enhance the coloring of dye on the $TiO_2$ surface in the dye sensitized solar cell. In the conventional coloring process in a dye sensitized solar cells, dye is absorbed by the covalent bond between TiO2 and dye molecule while the photo-electrode coated with $TiO_2$ layer is soaked in dye solution for about 12-24 hours. But this process takes long time, so we have researched more effective and faster way than the conventional process by applying electric field. Three kinds of electric power such as direct voltage, alternating voltage and pulse voltage were applied to the transparent conducting oxide during the coloring process. As a result, we achieved improved power, fill factor and efficiency of dye-sensitized solar cell in case of applying direct voltage and pulse voltage. In contrast, alternating voltage tend to reduce the dye adsorption on the $TiO_2$ surface and hence the efficiency. We measured the absorption spectra of dye by UV-VIS spectrophotometer before and after soaking the $TiO_2$ in the dye and found no characteristic change in the dye was observed. In this study, we researched on shortening time of coloring process which spent much time in the whole process.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 2005년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.749-752
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• 2005

In the industry, three-dimensional coloring has been needed for realistic prototype from rapid prototyping. Z-corporation developed a 3D printer which provides three-dimensional colored prototype. However, the existing process cannot be adopted to models from other rapid prototyping process. In addition, time and cost for manufacturing colored prototype still remain to be improved. In this study, a new coloring process using ink-jet head is proposed for color printing on three-dimensional prototype surface. Process parameters such as the angle and the distance between ink-jet nozzle and the three-dimensional surface should be investigated from experiments. The correction matrix according to sloped angle to minimize the distortion of 2D image was proposed by analysis of printing error. Therefore, approximated method for angle and discrete length according to the radius of curvature for printing on the curved surface was proposed. By printing image on the doubly curved surface, the method was verified. As a practical example, helmet was chosen for printing images on the curved surface. The character images were applied with approximated method for angle and discrete length and was printed on the helmet surface.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제46권3호
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• pp.253-259
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• 2018

ACQ 처리 목재에서 약제의 침투깊이를 확인하기 위하여 지금까지는 Cu 성분만을 대상으로 침윤도를 측정해 왔다. 본 연구에서는 Cu 이외에 ACQ의 유효성분 중에 하나인 DDAC의 침투깊이를 조사할 수 있는 DDAC 발색처리 방법을 개발하고 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. DDAC 성분은 2',7'-dichlorofluorescein 발색 지시약과 반응하여 진한 주황색으로 발색한다. 이와 같은 발색 반응은 DDAC 용액에서 뿐만 아니라 ACQ 처리 목재에서도 진행되어 DDAC가 침투되어 있는 목재 조직에서는 동일하게 주황색으로 발색한다. 본 연구를 통하여 개발된 DDAC 발색기술에 의하여 방부제 난주입성 수종인 가문비나무에서 Cu에 비하여 DDAC의 목재 침투성이 우수한 사실을 육안으로 확인할 수 있었으며, 다른 난주입성 수종에 대해서도 Cu와 DDAC의 침투성 차이를 조사할 필요가 있다.

• 대한치과기공학회지
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.185-192
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• 2013

Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare with color reproducibility of the coating method and dipping method using a colour liquid. Methods: Two groups of square-shaped specimens ($10mm{\times}10mm$ in diameter, 1.5mm thickness) were prepared for analysis(n=15/group). The CM(Coating Method) group was fabricated as full zirconia specimens with the coating coloring method and Group DM(Dipping Method) was prepared as specimens of 0.7 mm-thick zirconia plate using the dipping coloring method and veneered with 0.8mm-thick porcelain. Color parameters were measured with ShadeEye $NCC^{(R)}$ spectrophotometer and color differences were calculated using the equation ${\Delta}E^*= \{({\Delta}L^*)^2+({\Delta}a^*)^2+({\Delta}b^*)^2\}^{1/2}$. Non-parametric statistical methods, the Mann-Whitney test, and the Kruskal-Wallis test were used to analyze the data. Type one error rate was set at 0.05. Results: Color difference values larger than 7 were observed between specimens with the coating method and the dipping method, which were detectable difference in a clinical setting. Conclusion: Cautious application of the coating coloring method in a clinical setting and further researches to standardize the coating method are needed.