• 한국인쇄학회지
• /
• 제15권1호
• /
• pp.31-40
• /
• 1997

The objectives of color reproduction in printing, photography, and digital hard-copy is an important problem. The Color is obsorved differently from illumination an obsorvation condition, and varied according to individual taste. Generally, the color reproduction system is designed with colorimetric color reproduction method. But the color gamut of the color reproduction system is different each other and the one device has nonlinear relationalship between the other. By these reason, to predict the reproduced color based on linear color transform method is difficult. Some methods of non-linear color transform by neural network was proposed. These method was theoretical useful and valid to transform from CIE color to device color. But more studies were needed to realize the non-linear color transform system. In this paper, we described a method to realize the non-linear color transform system by neural network. The optimum structure of the non-linear color transform system was found out. The structure of descrived system has four layer( input, output and two hidden layers.) Input and output layer have 3 units, and a hidden layer has 27 units. We trained 216 color-samples, and estimated the realized color transform system by 1115 color-samples. The average color difference between original color samples and transformed color samples was 2.54.

• Computers and Concrete
• /
• 제3권6호
• /
• pp.401-422
• /
• 2006

A multi-species model based on the Nernst-Planck equation has been developed by using a finite volume method. The model makes it possible to simulate transport due to an electrical field or by diffusion and to predict chloride penetration through water saturated concrete. The model is used in this paper to assess and analyse chloride diffusion coefficients and chloride binding isotherms. The experimental assessment of the effective chloride diffusion coefficient consists in measuring the chloride penetration depth by using a colorimetric method. The effective diffusion coefficient determined numerically allows to correctly reproduce the chloride penetration depth measured experimentally. Then, a new approach for the determination of chloride binding, based on non-steady state diffusion tests, is proposed. The binding isotherm is identified by a numerical inverse method from a single experimental total chloride concentration profile obtained at a given exposure time and from Freundlich's formula. In order to determine the initial pore solution composition (required as initial conditions for the model), the method of Taylor that describes the release of alkalis from cement and alkali sorption by the hydration products is used here. Finally, with these input data, prediction of total and water-soluble chloride concentration profiles has been performed. The method is validated by comparing the results of numerical simulations to experimental results obtained on various types of concretes and under different exposure conditions.

• 대한화학회지
• /
• 제26권3호
• /
• pp.160-164
• /
• 1982

단결정을 키우기에 적절한 용해도를 가진 $[U(PW_{11}O_{39})_2]^{10-}$의 구아니딘윰염을 합성하였다. 이 염 혹은 칼륨염을 사용하여 $[U(PW_{11}O_{39})_2]^{10-}$의 안정도를 용액의 pH의 함수로 조사하였으며, pH 3~7에서 안정함을 발견하였다. 이 영역에서 $PW_{11}O_{39}^{7-}$대 $U^{4+}$의 몰비가 2이상 되게 $PW_{11}O_{39}^{7-}$를 가하고 22.7kK band (${\varepsilon}$ 1030 M-1cm-1)띠의 세기를 측정함으로써 $U^{4+}$를 비색정량하는 방법을 개발하였다.$PW_{11}O_{39}^{7-}$ 를 사용하여 우라늄을 회수하는 방법을 개발하기 위해,$[U(PW_{11}O_{39})_2]^{10}$- 를 두 다른 방법으로 분해시켜 분리된$PW_{11}O_{39}^{7-}$ 를 정량하였다. $PW_{11}O_{39}^{7-}$의 회수율은 염기를 가해 분해시켰을 때 약 70%, $K_2S_2O_8$로 산화시켜 분해시켰을 때 약 80%이었다. 본 연구를 위해 $VOSO_4$를 이용한$PW_{11}O_{39}^{7-}$ 의 비색정량법도 개발하였다.

• 한국산림과학회지
• /
• 제96권5호
• /
• pp.580-584
• /
• 2007

Actinidia arguta extracts obtained from three cultivars ('Sae-Han', 'Dae-Sung', and 'Chil-Bo') were assayed for their antioxidant properties and nutritional composition. Antioxidant activity of the extracts was evaluated using 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging method. Total phenolic contents of the extracts were determined by the Folin-Ciocalteu method. Vitamin C (L-ascorbic acid) content measured by a colorimetric method and reducing sugar content estimated by dinitrosalicylic acid (DNSA) method. Crude extracts from A. arguta 'Sea-Han' showed the most potent radical-scavenging activity showing 86.55% at 10 mg/ml. The DPPH radical scavenging activity of extracts and solvent fractions from Sea-Han cultivar was in decreasing order of EtOAc fraction>BuOH fraction>$CH_2Cl_2$ fraction>hexane fraction, among which EtOAc fraction showed the highest antioxidant activity (87.51 % at 5 mg/ml). Total phenolic contents in A. arguta 'Sae-Han', 'Dae-Sung' and 'Chil-Bo', were 32.93, 28.23, and 25.60 mg/g, respectively. Vitamin C contents of them were 840.57, 578.81 and 730.10 ug/g, respectively.

• 한국식품과학회지
• /
• 제4권4호
• /
• pp.235-238
• /
• 1972

Johnson등 (1971)이 발표한 뷰렛법을 다소 개변하여 현미 중의 질소 함량 측정에 적용하여 보았다. 또한 고단백 품종의 선발에 이용할 수 있는지의 여부를 알기 위하여 염색법과 비교 검토하였다. 본 실험에 사용한 시료의 질소 함량은 $1.20{\sim}2.0%$이었고 뷰렛 흡광도와 질소 함량과의 관계는 고도의 상관 관계를 보였으며 상관 계수는 $+0.841^{**}$이었다. 그러나 염색법과는 달리 질소 함량이 높아 갈수록 상관계수는 떨어지는 경향을 보였다. 그러나 뷰렛법은 질소 함량이 2.0% 이상인 경우에도 정상관을 보이므로 적당한 조건하에서는 염색법보다 더 좋은 결과가 기대된다. 염색법 사용시 여과액의 희석시 완충액 대신에 증류수 사용 가능성을 아울러 검토하였다.

• 대한전자공학회논문지SP
• /
• 제42권4호
• /
• pp.49-59
• /
• 2005

본 논문에서는 측색적인 오차와 낟알 무의 현상을 동시에 감소시키기 위해 추가적인 잉크와 정량적인 낟알 무의 측정자를 이용한 6색 분리 방법을 제안한다. 기존의 6색 분리 방법에서는 3색이나 4색 프린터에서 나타나는 도트의 가시성을 줄이기 위해 밝은 영역에서 사용되는 묽은 잉크(light magenta와 light cyan)를 진한 잉크(magenta와 cym)로 대체한다. 그러나 묽은 잉크와 진한 잉크의 색상의 차이로 인해서 밝은 영역에서 정확한 측색적인 색 재현이 어렵게 되었다. 이러한 측색적인 오차를 줄이기 위해 추가적인 잉크(additional colorants)인 yellow와 light magenta 잉크를 밝은 영역에서 사용한다. 따라서 밝은 영역에서 magenta 잉크는 light magenta와 yellow로 대체되고 cyan은 light cyan과 light magenta로 대체된다. 이러한 추가적인 잉크의 사용은 진한 잉크의 색상과 유사한 색을 만들 수 있기 때문에 측색적인 오차를 줄일 수 있게 된다. 또한 추가적인 잉크는 작은 도트의 가시성을 갖고 있기 때문에 부드러운 영상도 재현될 수 있다. 한편 중간 영역에서도 부드러운 영상을 획득하기 위해 magenta는 light magenta와 magenta로 대체되고 cyan은 light cyan과 cyan으로 대체된다 그러나 농도가 다른 두 잉크의 사용은 거친 도트 패턴을 생성하게 된다. 이러한 현상을 반영하기 위해 정량적인 낟알 무의 측정자가 사용된다. 어두운 영역에서는 묽은 잉크를 사용해도 더 이상 낟알 무늬가 감소되지 않기 때문에 magenta와 cyan 잉크만 사용한다.

• 한국물환경학회지
• /
• 제30권3호
• /
• pp.304-310
• /
• 2014

The conventional methods for total residual chlorine such as iodometry and DPD colorimetric can cause secondary pollution due to additional agents, also have a wide error range. As for alternative, electrochemical method can measure TRC(Total residual chlorine), and is not required as additional agents, also very suitable for using the fields of ballast water because test time is relatively fast. Therefore, this study was investigated for changing charge by agitation, salt concentration, and temperature change. Charge showed differences based on changes of reduction peak with or without agitation. In contrast, TRC and charge were well correlated in constant agitation speed. As TRC and charge were analyzed with high correlations in constant salinity and temperature of ocean, thereby conductivity was firstly measured, and charge had high correlation for TRC in spite of changing salinity and temperature Pt electrode revealed high reliability ($r^2=0.960$) because it was rarely effected by TRC, On the other hand, Au electrode appeared inadequate ($r^2=0.767$) to use sensor in less than 1.0 ppm of TRC. For high accuracy and detection of TRC, Pt and Au electrodes for test time were, respectively, 14 and 22 seconds. As a result, Pt electrode was more valuable than Au electrode in terms of response time.

• 한국식품저장유통학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국식품저장유통학회 2003년도 제23차 추계총회 및 국제학술심포지움
• /
• pp.26-32
• /
• 2003

Rice is one of the most important cereals in the world. Japanese people use about 9 million tons of rice per you. We use rice for cooked rice as staple foods and for processing, such as rice wine (sake), rice crackers and miso fermentation, etc. Palatability, eating quality, of rice is evaluated by the sensory test and various kinds of physicochemical measurements. Japanese National Food Agency started the storage of 1.5 million tones of rice in 1996. We carried out the storage test using high quality rices since 1995 until 1996. As indices for the quality deteriorations of rice grains during the storage, germination ratio, enzyme activities, fat acidity, physical properties of cooked rice were clarified to be useful. We applied colorimetric method for the measurements of fat acidities in the place of titration method. Processing suitabilities of rice differ depending on the products. Low amylose rice is more suitable for soft rice crackers and high amylose rice is preferred more for rice noodle. Pre-cooked rice products, such as frozen cooked rice, retort-pouched rice and aseptic rice, are increasing recently in Japan. In addition to above-mentioned physico-chemical tests, NIR spectroscopy,“Midometer”and“Taste sensor”are novel and useful to evaluate eating quality and processing suitabolities. Recently, rice wholesalers and retailers have been obligated to display the name of cultivar, location of cultivation and the year of production of rice grains which they sell by the Japanese Agricultural Standard Law (JAS). In order to detect the dishonest labeling of rice cultivars, we developed new cultivar identification method based on DNA polymorphism.

• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한전자공학회 2000년도 추계종합학술대회 논문집(4)
• /
• pp.239-242
• /
• 2000

The color television signal and color receivers should be balanced for the same value of reference white to achieve colorimetric fidelity and to minimize interference. The NTSC signal is balanced for white at 6774 K and most existing receivers are balanced between 6500 K and 10000 K for many reasons. In this paper, we analyze beam current ratio, lightness, and channel gain ratio according to the color temperature for the three-tube projection HDTV. We also propose the brighter reference white for the three-tube projection HDTV based on the Helmholtz-Kohlrausch effect and the optical resolution of the image. In computer simulation we confirmed the most suitable reference white using the proposed analysis method.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• 제30권9호
• /
• pp.2032-2038
• /
• 2009

The amount of phenol and NaOH for the colorimetric determination of ammonia in Korean standard methods (KSM) is found to be highly excessive compared to the standard methods of several other countries. The absorbance of indophenol formed by the Berthelot reaction for ammonia analysis was measured under the various reaction conditions classified in experiment groups 1, 2, 3, 4 and KSM and American standards methods (ASM), and the relationships between the absorbance of indophenol and concentration of ammonia were compared. The amount of phenol can be reduced to 10 g (current 25 g in KSM) and NaOH can be reduced to 1.76 g (current 11 g in KSM) for the preparation of 200 mL phenate solution, and the absorbance sensitivity increased. The concentration of the phenol and NaOH correlatively affect the pH of the solution, which is a critical variable in achieving the maximum sensitivity and rapid and stable color development.