• Clinical Endoscopy
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• 제55권1호
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• pp.22-32
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• 2022

Radiotherapy (RT) is a treatment modality that uses high-energy rays or radioactive agents to generate ionizing radiation against rapidly dividing cells. The main objective of using radiation in cancer therapy is to impair or halt the division of the tumor cells. Over the past few decades, advancements in technology, the introduction of newer methods of RT, and a better understanding of the pathophysiology of cancers have enabled physicians to deliver doses of radiation that match the exact dimensions of the tumor for greater efficacy, with minimal exposure of the surrounding tissues. However, RT has numerous complications, the most common being radiation proctitis (RP). It is characterized by damage to the rectal epithelium by secondary ionizing radiation. Based on the onset of signs and symptoms, post-radiotherapy RP can be classified as acute or chronic, each with varying levels of severity and complication rates. The treatment options available for RP are limited, with most of the data on treatment available from case reports or small studies. Here, we describe the types of RT used in modern-day medicine and radiation-mediated tissue injury. We have primarily focused on the classification, epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical features, treatment strategies, complications, and prognosis of RP.

• Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging
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• 제43권5호
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• pp.429-435
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• 2009

목적: 본 연구의 목적은 대장직장암 간전이 환자에서 수술 전 FDG-PET의 예후인자로서의 중요성을 평가하는 것이다. 대상 및 방법: 진단시부터 간전이를 동반한 대장직장암 환자로서, 수술 전 FDG-PET을 실시하고, 원발병변과 간전이병변에 대한 근치적 수술이 가능했던 24명의 환자 (남자: 여자=14:10; 나이 $63{\pm}10$세)가 연구에 포함되었다. 간전이병변은 13예는 간절제, 7예는 고주파절제술, 그리고 4예는 간절제와 고주파절제술을 함께 시행하였다. 잠재적 예후인자로 원발병변의 최대표준화섭취계수(이하 maxSUV), 간전이병변의 maxSUV, 원발병변/간전이병변의 maxSUV비(M/P ratio), 조직학적인 분화도, 수술 전 CEA, 혈관/림프계/신경 침범여부, T-병기, N-병기, 간전이 병변의 개수, 림프절 전이 개수, 간전이 치료방법을 연구에 포함시켰다. 결과: 24명의 환자 중 14명의 환자가 추적관찰기간 중 재발을 일으켰으며, 이들의 중앙 추적관찰기간은 244일이었다. 추적관찰기간 중 재발을 일으키지 않은 10명 환자의 중앙 추적관찰기간은 504일이었다. 분석에 포함한 잠재적 예후인자 중 M/P ratio만이 재발군($0.72{\pm}0.14$)과 비재발군($0.54{\pm}0.23$)에서 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보였다(p=0.038). Cox 비례위험 모형을 이용한 생존분석에서 M/P ratio만이 유일하게 통계적으로 유의하게 재발을 예측하는 예후인자였다(상대위험도 37.7, 95% 신뢰구간 2.01-706.1, p=0.016). M/P ratio 0.61을 기준으로 이분하였을 때, 낮은군(<0.61) 11명의 무병생존률은 높은 군(${\geq}0.61$) 13명의 무병생존률에 비해 유의하게 높았다(p=0.026). 결론: 간전이병변/원발병변의 maxSUV 비(M/P ratio)는 간전이를 동반한 대장직장암 환자에서 술 후 재발을 예측하는 예후인자로서 유용하다. 간전이병변의 FDG섭취가 원발병변에 비해 상대적으로 높은 상태는 4병기의 대장직장암 중에서도 더욱 진행된 병기를 나타내는 것으로 보인다.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제72권3호
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• pp.318-322
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• 2012

Sarcoidosis is an inflammatory disease involving multiple-organs with an unknown cause. The new onset of sarcoidosis associated with therapeutic agents has been observed in 3 clinical settings; tumor necrosis factor antagonists in autoimmune rheumatologic diseases, interferon alpha with or without ribavirin in patients with chronic hepatitis C or melanoma, and antineoplastic agent-associated sarcoidosis in patients with hematologic malignancies. Here, we report a female patient who developed sarcoidosis after capecitabine treatment as an adjuvant chemotherapy for sigmoid colon cancer. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a capecitabine-induced sarcoidosis.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.2379-2381
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• 2014

It is becoming progressively more understandable that phytochemicals derived from edible plants have shown potential in modelling their interactions with their target proteins. Rapidly accumulating in-vitro and in- vivo evidence indicates that anthocyanins have anticancer activity in rodent models of cancer. More intriguingly, evaluation of bilberry anthocyanins as chemopreventive agents in twenty-five colorectal cancer patients has opened new window of opportunity in translating the findings from laboratory to clinic. Confluence of information suggests that anthocyanins treated cancer cells reveal up-regulation of tumor suppressor genes. There is a successive increase in the research-work in nutrigenomics and evidence has started to shed light on intracellular-signaling cascades as common molecular targets for anthocyanins. In this review we bring to l imelight how anthocyanins induced apoptosis in cancer cells via activation of extrinsic and intrinsic pathways.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.1719-1722
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• 2012

The Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome Protein family Verprolin - homologous proteins (WAVEs), encoded by a metastasis promoter gene, play considerable roles in adhesion of immune cells, cell proliferation, migration and destruction of foreign agents by reactive oxygen species. These diverse functions have lead to the hypothesis that WAVE proteins have multi-functional roles in regulating cancer invasiveness, metastasis, development of tumor vasculature and angiogenesis. Differentials in expression of WAVE proteins are associated with a number of neoplasms include colorectal cancer, hepatocellular cancer, lung squamous cell carcinoma, human breast adenocarcinoma and prostate cancer. In this review we attempt to unify our knowledge regarding WAVE proteins, focusing on their potentials as diagnostic markers and molecular targets for cancer therapy.

• Clinical Endoscopy
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• 제55권1호
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• pp.15-21
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• 2022

Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is the standard treatment method for esophageal, gastric, and colorectal cancers. However, it has not been standardized for duodenal lesions because of its high complication rates. Recently, minimally invasive and simple methods such as cold snare polypectomy and underwater endoscopic mucosal resection have been utilized more for superficial nonampullary duodenal epithelial tumors (SNADETs). Although the rate of complications associated with duodenal ESD has been gradually decreasing because of technical advancements, performing ESD for all SNADETs is unnecessary. As such, the appropriate treatment plan for SNADETs should be chosen according to the lesion type, patient condition, and endoscopist's skill.

• 한국간담췌외과학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.113-117
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• 2022

Gallbladder cancer has a poor prognosis, especially in peritoneal carcinomatosis related to perforation of the gallbladder followed by bile spillage. Previously, curative-intent treatment was not considered in carcinomatosis from cancer of the biliary tract. A 72-year-old male was referred to the hospital with a perforated gallbladder cancer. Intraoperatively, the tumor was confined to the gallbladder and liver. We presented a case of intention-to-curative resection of perforated gallbladder cancer followed by intraoperative hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy.

• 생약학회지
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• 제39권4호
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• pp.347-351
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• 2008

The methanol (MeOH) extract of the rhizome of Alpinia officinarum Hance (Zingiberaceae) demonstrated a potent inhibition on the proliferation of cultured human tumor cell lines such as MES-SA (human uterine carcinoma cell line), MESSA/DX5 (multidrug resistant subline of MES-SA), HCT-15 (human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line), HCT15/CL02 (multidrug resistant subline of HCT15). The MeOH extract was fractionated into four portions by serial solvent partition, ie., methylene chloride (CH2Cl2) soluble part, ethylacetate (EtOAc) soluble part, n-butanol (BuOH) soluble part and remaining water layer. Among them, the $CH_2Cl_2$ soluble part of the extract exhibited a most potent inhibition on the proliferation of tested tumor cell lines. Bioassay-guided fractionation of the $CH_2Cl_2$ soluble part led to the isolation of five diarylheptanoid and two flavonoid constituents, i. e., galangin (1), 7-(4"-hydroxy-3"-methoxyphenyl)-1-phenylhept-4-en-3-one (2), 1,7-diphenyl-5-hydroxy-3-heptanone (3), trans,trans-1-(3'-methoxy-4'-hydroxyphenyl)-7-phenyl-5-ol-4,6-dien-3-heptanone (4), 5-methoxy-7-(4"-hydroxy-3"-methoxyphenyl)-1-phenyl-3-heptanone (5), kaempferide (6), 5-hydroxy-7-(4"-hydroxy-3"-methoxyphenyl)-1-phenyl-3-heptanone (7). Structures of the isolated active components (1 - 7) were established by chemical and spectroscopic means.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.33-39
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• 1986

1983년부터 1986년까지 약 3년간 영남대학병원에서 검사한 대장 직장암에 대해 조사한 결과 는 다음과 같다. 1. 호발연령은 60대이고 남녀비는 1.6:1이었다. 2. 발생부위별로 보면 직장이 65%를 차지하였다. 3. 주된 증상은 우측 결장경우 통증, 종물촉지, 배변습성의 변화의 순서로 많았고 좌측 결장 경우 통증, 배변습성의 변화, 혈변의 순서로 많았고 직장은 혈변, 배변습성의 변화, 통증의 순서였다. 4. 유병기간은 1~3개월이 가장 많았다. 5. 가장 흔한 조직학적 유형은 선암이었고 분화도는 고도의 분화도를 가진 경우와 중등도의 분화도를 가진 경우가 비슷하게 많았다. 6. 종양의 단체별 분류에서 Duke C가 가장 많았다. 7. 수술방법은 Mile씨 수술이 가장 많았다. 8. 합병된 대장 직장의 병변으로는 용종이 많았다. 9. 수술 합병증은 창상감염이 많았다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권11호
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• pp.4497-4502
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• 2015

Background: Due to the increase in morbidity and mortality rate, cancer has become an alarming threat to the human population worldwide. Since cancer is a progressive disorder, timely diagnosis would be helpful to prevent/stop cancer from progressing to severe stage. In Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan, most of the time, tumors are diagnosed with endoscopy and biopsy; therefore rare studies exist regarding the diagnosis of gastrointestinal (GIT) carcinomas based on tumor markers, especially CEA. Objectives: This study made a comparative analysis of CEA in admitted hospitalized stomach and colon cancer patients diagnosed as GIT with biopsy. Materials and Methods: In this study, a total of 66 cases were included. The level of CEA was determined in the blood of these patients using ELISA technique. Results: Out of 66 patients, the level of CEA was high in 59.1% of the total, 60.7% in colon cancer patients and 57.9 % in stomach cancer patients. Moreover, the incidence of colorectal and stomach cancer was greater in males as compared to females. Patients were more of the age group of 40-60 and the level of CEA was comparatively higher in patients (51.5%) with histology which was moderately differentiated, than patients with well differentiated and poorly differentiated tumor histology. Conclusions: CEA level was high in more than 50% of the total patients. Moreover, CEA exhibited higher sensitivity for colon than stomach cancer.