• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2018.11a
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• pp.179-180
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• 2018

Color concrete is produced by adding white portland cement and coloring agent. In Korea, colorant added to color concrete is expensive, durability evaluation in external environment is not verified and there is a tendency to avoid color concrete pouring. Red mud with a water content of 50% was prepared in liquid form using appropriate mixing water and additives for recycling as a coloring agent, the liquefied red mud manufactured was intended to show the possibility of using color concrete. In this paper, the application of red mud as an industrial by - product as a coloring agent for color concrete was investigated for the practical use of liquefied red mud by liquefying red mud and producing retaining wall block. As a result, it was found that all of the specifications stipulated in SPS-KCIC0001-0703 are satisfied.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.2300-2305
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• 2010

This study was performed about color-contained mud to provide fun and diversity for the event of mud self massage as a core program of Boryeong Mud Festival which has become one of representative festivals in Korea. Adjusting its own lower brightness of mud and based on the primary study performed about the expressivity of yellowish colors, inorganic colors (oxidized steel in red, ultra marine pink, ultra marine blue, chrome oxide green) were added for the development of colored mud in diverse colors on the basis of Korean traditional colors. It had been judged about each expressivity of color by methods of colormeter, naked eyes inspection and feeling of usage, etc. For the color decided, it had been examined about the coloring when it got wet with the cleaning condition so that it can be used for the event of mud self massage as a program of Boryeong Mud Festival to increase diversity of the Festival and also attempted to develope colored mud to show Korean traditional colors.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.16 no.8
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• pp.929-939
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• 2007

Red mud is a waste generated by the aluminium industry, and its disposal is a major problem for this industry. Red mud has a reddish-brown color and superfine particle characteristics. So, it can be a promising pigment admixture for concrete industry. An experimental study was conducted to investigate the potential use of red mud in color concrete. The micro structures of red mud and iron oxide pigment such as porosity, pore size distribution, diameter of particle were analyzed with the aid of SEM, X-ray diffraction(XRD), and the infrared absorbance. Tests on physical properties of color concrete, such as strength, slump, early shrinkage crack patterns, and color characteristics were carried out and the results were reported in this paper.

• Journal of the Korean Recycled Construction Resources Institute
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.146-152
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• 2018

In the construction sector, new demands for aesthetics are increasing due to structural stability and improvement of living standard and consciousness level. On the other hand, Red Mud sludge is generated from aluminum hydroxide extraction process from Bauxite. Red mud sludge contains about 20% of $Fe_2O_3$ and represents a natural reddish brown. It is highly applicable to the construction industry. In this paper, red mud sludge with a water content of 50%, which is a by - product of the industry, was prepared as a liquid phase. The liquefied red mud was added to cement mortar and the strength and color difference of cement mortar were investigated according to the addition amount of liquefied red mud. As a result, the compressive strength decreased with increasing amount of liquefied red mud. The color of cement mortar containing liquefied red mud was found to be distributed in the range of YR series in all samples. As the amount of liquefied red mud increased, the color became darker.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2009.11a
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• pp.19-22
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• 2009

The Study has analyzed the overall material properties, the measurement of forming colors and applicability of color concrete through making color concrete using red mud heated at 800℃mixed with existing pigment and applying it to the actual field. As the results, the slump flow and aeration meet the target value and the compressed strength of the concrete mixed with red mud and pigment is higher than that of the plain. In addition, the measurement of forming colors turn out to be satisfactory and the color forming is excellent. In the field application, the color concrete panel is proved to make sure the beauty of store exits through its various design available.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.48 no.3
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• pp.543-562
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• 2024

This study used persimmon juice, shuliang, and mud to develop the color of hanji fabrics. Persimmon juice and shuliang were used to perform single and mixing dyeing with heat treatment using the pad-dry-cure (PDC) method. Next, mud dyeing was performed, and the hanji fabrics dyed with persimmon juice and shuliang were developed into Yellow Red (YR) Munsell colors with very low values and chroma. Through scanning electron microscopy, the persimmon juice and shuliang were observed to be evenly treated on the hanji fabrics using the PDC method. Furthermore, the presence of iron ions in the dyed fabrics was confirmed using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry analysis. The stiffness of the fabrics dyed with persimmon juice was the greatest, while it gradually decreased for the fabrics treated with mixing and mud dyeing. With mixing dyeing, the colorfastness to washing improved to grade 4, whereas with mud dyeing, the colorfastness to alkaline sweat greatly improved to grade 4~4-5. Based on these findings, this study confirmed that it is possible to develop hanji fabrics with differentiated textures and colors while ensuring practical colorfastness through mixing and mud dyeing.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.27-30
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• 2008

This study investigated the application of red muds, which were industrial wastes fired at 800℃, with a coloring agents. The results were summarized as following. The slumpflow, air content and unit weight volume were satisfied with each target values. The setting time was shortened on the case that 3 % of the red coloring agent and fired red mud were simultaneously replaced about 1 hour compared with the previous study which was 6 % of the red coloring agent was individually used. For the length change ratio caused by drying shrinkage and depth of neutralization on hardened concrete, they were declined when 3 % of the red coloring agent and fired red mud were simultaneously replaced compared with the previous study. On the measurement of forming colors, the case that 3 % of the red coloring agent and fired red mud were simultaneously replaced was similar to the previous study.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2017.05a
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• pp.107-108
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• 2017

In this search, by evaluating the field applicability of soil mixed pavement of Red mud is mixed into the soil mixed pavement field applicability, and tries to present the basic data about the site application of recycling of red mud and low carbon construction material to. As a result, the conventional soil concrete organization standards (SPS-KSCICO-001: 2003) meets the criteria for parking lot, making use of red mud, natural color as well as the natural loess is expressed.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.39-46
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• 2001

To examine the effect of copy number-dependent transgenic genotype on the expression of foreign gene, stable hemizygous and homozygous transgenic breeding line was established using artificial parthenogenesis. For this purpose, induced diploid gynogenetic transgenesis was optimized in mud loach (Misgurnus mizolepis) using UV-irradiated cyprinid loach (M. anguillicaudatus) sperm and thermal shocks. Optimum UV range for inactivation of cyprinid loach sperm was between 3,150 to $4,050\;ergs/mm^2$ The UV-irradiated sperm were inseminated into eggs from recessive color strain (yellow) or heterozygous transgenic mud loach containing CAT gene. Cold shock at $2^{\circ}C$ for 60 min, 5 min post fertilization successfully restored the diploidy of eggs inseminated with UV-irradiated sperm. Restoration to diploidy was confirmed by flow cytometry and gynogenetic status was verified by examining maternal exclusive inheritance of multi-locus DNA fingerprints, body color and transgenic marker. Putative isogenic transgenic fish clearly showed homozygous status at trans gene locus based on Southern blot hybridization and progeny testing. Further, such homozygous gynogenetic diploids revealed the increased levels of transgene expression, when compared to those of heterozygous (hemizygous) transgenic fish.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2015.05a
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• pp.96-97
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• 2015

In this search, by evaluating the field applicability of soil mixed pavement of Red mud is mixed into the soil mixed pavement field applicability, and tries to present the basic data about the site application of recycling of red mud and low carbon construction material to. As a result, the conventional soil concrete organization standards (SPS-KSCICO-001: 2003) meets the criteria for a bicycle road, making use of red mud, natural color as well as the natural loess is expressed.