• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.306-323
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to analyse the origin of the terms for well-known minerals and rocks in South Korean, North Korean, English, Chinese and Japanese. All of the terms for mineral and rock have been standardized in English and Chinese, Whereas not all of the terms are standardized yet in Japanese, North Korean and South Korean. Although many Korean researchers have recognized the fact and tried to standardize the terms, most of the terms for minerals and rocks have been used without any research conducted on them, which made it impossible. The terms for minerals were mainly made based on some of 28 geologic properties: chemical composition, color, shape and material. The terms for rocks were mainly originated from some of their 30 geologic properties: mineral composition, origin of rock, material and surface. 23 of the 124 English terms were named after the names of men or location, Whereas only 3 terms were originated from a name of place in the Eastern countries. In the Eastern countries, the terms for some minerals or rocks often consist of more complex geologic properties, compared with English terms for the same ones. For the minerals with complex geological properties, in the Eastern countries, there are 28 terms on average, which is much more than 2 in English. There are 9.25 terms in average for the rocks with complex geological properties in the Eastern while only 5 terms exist in English. Some of the Korean terms are very difficult for students to recognize what they are because the terms were originated from Japanese or English terms, which were translated into Korean without consideration of Korean contexts. Therefore the terms of rocks and minerals need to be discussed about their meaning and relevance.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.45 no.6
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• pp.586-593
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• 2012

To identify the food component characteristics of seven oysters(four cultured oysters and two wild oysters Crassostrea gigas and one dendely lamellated oyster Ostrea denselamellos Korean name beotgul) in Korea, the proximate, fatty/amino acid, mineral compositions, texture, color, chemical and taste compounds were investigated. The proximate compositions were not significantly different between cultured and wild oysters, whereas beotgul had lower levels of crude protein, ash and lipid content, and a higher carbohydrate content. The amino nitrogen contents of the three main types were 232.8-258.2, 160.5-213.9, and 218.5 mg/100 g, respectively, and the salinities were 1.5-1.7, 1.5-1.8, and 0.9%, respectively. Regarding the muscle texture, the shearing forces were 95-114, 105-132, and 170 g, respectively. Amounts of total amino acids of cultured, wild oysters and beotgul were 9,004-10,198, 8,165-8,942, and 7,767 mg/100 g, respectively. The major amino acids were aspartic acid (Asx), glutamic acid (Glx), proline, alanine, leucine, phenylalanine, lysine and arginine. Regarding inorganic ions, beotgul had much lower Fe and S contents than the cultured and wild oysters. The major fatty acids of cultured and wild oysters were 16:0, 18:0, 16:1n-9, 18:1n-9, 22:1n-9, 16:4n-3, 20:5n-3, and 22:6n-3, and there was little difference between the two. Beotgul had a higher polyenes ratio, i.e., 20:5n-3, and a lower monoenes ratio than the cultured and wild oysters. The free amino acid contents of cultured, wild oysters and beotgul extracts were 1,444-1,620, 1,017-1,277, and 1,144 mg/100 g, respectively, and the major free amino acids were taurine, glutamic acid, glycine, alanine, tryptophan, ornithine, and lysine. There was a little difference in the glycine, tryptophan, ornithine, and arginine contents.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.27-37
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• 1999

The purpose of this study is to provide for the basic data useful to the effective production and marketing of the brassiere befitting adult women's body shapes and preferences, and thereby, help them improve their apparel life. For this purpose, 563 Korean adult women aged between 20-59 were sampled to survey their practices of purchasing the brassieres and positively identify the factors affecting the practices and thereupon, determine the correlations among them by age group. Data is processed by a computer(SAS) and analyzed by using frequency, percentage, $\chi^2$-test, ANOVA, Duncan-test. The main results of this study are as follows; 1. The adult women tend to use such mass media as TV, magazines, catalogues and DM to decide for themselves which brassiere befits them most, and to check the brand-name(78.8%) or the sizes(93.4%), but more than 90% of them purchase their brassieres without trying on them. 2. The places of purchasing on which adult women rely most for their brassiere are department stores(32.6%), agencies(26.1%) and discount or pension shops(25.4%), while more than 90% of the sample women often visit bargain sale shops. The average number of brassieres possessed by our adult women is 5.7, and an adult women buys 2.6 brassiere costing 10-30 thousand wons a year on average and consumes a brassiere for the period from 6 months to 2 years. 3. It had been disclosed that the brand favored most by adult women is Venus(56.2%), followed by Vivien (17.6%), Wacoal(6.8%), Amie(2.5%) and Body Guard(2.3%). The most influential factors for the popularity of brands are fitting condition(40.3%) and design(23.8%), which suggests that consumers appreciate functionality and aesthetics. The most important reference affecting our women's choice of brassiere is size(64.4%), followed by design and functionality. The brassiere style favored most by adult women is a wire-type 3/4 cup brassiere made of thin material with sewing lines, while the most favorite color is white. In all, it has been found through this study that adult women's practices of buying their brassieres differ by age group, which may well suggest that brassiere production need to take such age-wise practices into consideration in setting up their brassiere production and marketing strategies.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.11 no.5
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• pp.650-660
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• 2006

Recently, according to increase in production of pond snails resulting from the widespread organic farming, organic farmers are showing a lot of interests in the promotion of consumption and extending the market of pond snails. This study was performed to suggest the process of product development of the ready-to-eat pond-snail Mandu as a health food, to show the results of market test of the pilot product, and to investigate the change of the sensory characteristics during storage periods. For the market test of pond-snail Mandu, the survey was developed and delivered to consumers. The questionnaire consisted of 3 parts such as respondents demographic characteristics, customer's perception of pond-snail Mandu before tasting, and customer's perception of that after tasting. And the market test was carried out with university students, welfare institution residents and apartment residents in the Seoul and Gyeonggi areas. As a result of the test, the most important purchasing factors were determined in the order of taste (49.5%), hygienic quality (12.5%), nutritional value (10%) and price (9%). And only 4.2% of respondents selected brand name as an important purchasing factor. After tasting pond-snail Mandu, consumers had suggested the better taste (t=6.986, p<0.000) and price (t=2.082, p<0.05) than those of before tasting. In response to favorable impression of pond-snail Mandu, 54.5% of total respondents evaluated positively. The favorable impressions came from iron-rich Mandu (27.6%), high protein and nutritious Mandu (24.4%), calcium-rich Mandu (17.9%), diet Mandu (13.3%), and delicious Mandu (12.5%) respectively. Sensory characteristics of pond-snail Mandu were evaluated by professional panels in terms of the softness of Mandu skin, chewiness, moistness, toothpacking, color, aroma, saltiness, and degree of plain, taste, and aftertaste. The evaluation of sensory characteristics on a 7-point scale, showed that softness of mandu skin (4.44) and aftertaste (4.11) got a low scores. The statistical difference of the tastes (p>0.05) was not founded by storage period of 7, 14, 21 and 28 days. Based on the result, the improvement of these characteristics are desired in developing the pond-snail Mandu. Research method applied to this study can be useful for developing a new product.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.357-364
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• 2011

Proper light intensity, potting media, fertilization level, and shade tolerance were investigated to develop Orostachys (Korean name, Nungyu bawisol) as a potted ornamental plant. The best plant growth was shown at 52% shading. Although plant growth decreased at 82% shading, ornamental value maintained at that shading rate, which indicate that O. 'Nungyu bawisol' has high shading tolerance. At over 90% shading, some of the plants died and showed decolorization and standing erect in leaves, resulting in a big decrease in ornamental value. Potting medium of decomposed granite (DG) : fertilizer-amended media (FAM) : river sand (RS) (6 : 2 : 2, v/v/v) showed the best growth in potted O. 'Nungyu bawisol'. Fresh weight of shoot part was 16 g in DG : FAM : RS (6 : 2 : 2, v/v/v), which was over 2 folds of those at the other medium. Drenching of Hyponex solution diluted by 1,000~2,000 folds 1 time per week brought the highest results in fresh weight, plant width, and runner number. Particularly, fresh weight of shoot part was 13 g higher than that of control (16 g). Leaf color tended to be darkened as concentration of Hyponex solution increased.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.66-70
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• 2001

'Mansoo' is a late-season pear cultivar with extra large and high quality fruit of long storability, which was released by National Horticultural Research Institute in 1995. The cultivar originated from the cross between 'Danbae' and 'Okusankichi' at Suwon in 1978, had been under regional adaptability test at nine areas in the name of 'Wonkyo Na-15' for 4 years since 1992. It was vigorous in tree growth and upright in tree shape. Its flower bud is easily maintained, resulting in higher productivity than 'Danbae' and 'Okusankichi'. It bloomed a day later than 'Niitaka', and showed cross-compatibility with 'Niitaka', 'Chojuro' and some other varieties. Harvesting time of 'Mansoo' is late October in Suwon. The fruit shape is oblate and skin color is light yellowish brown. The fruit weighed 600-700 g and has 12-13% soluble solids content. The flesh is soft, juicy, and has negligible grit. It is resistant to black leaf rot (Alternaria kikuchiana Tanaka).

• Journal of the Korea Society for Simulation
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.197-206
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• 2009

The medical information system is an effective medical diagnosis assistance system which offers an environment in which medial images and diagnosis information can be shared. However, this system can only stored and transmitted information without other functions. To resolve this problem and to enhance the efficiency of diagnostic activities, a medical image classification and retrieval system is necessary. The medical image classification and retrieval system can improve efficiency in a medical diagnosis by providing disease-related images and can be useful in various medical practices by checking diverse cases. However, it is difficult to understand the meanings contained in images because the existing image classification and retrieval system has handled superficial information only. Therefore, a medical image classification system which can classify medical images by analyzing the relation among the elements of the image as well as the superficial information has been required. In this paper, we propose the method for learning and classification of brain MRI, in which the superficial information as well as the spatial information extracted from images are used. The superficial information of images, which is color, shape, etc., is called low-level image information and the logical information of the image is called high-level image information. In extracting both low-level and high-level image information in this paper, the anatomical names and structure of the brain have been used. The low-level information is used to give an anatomical name in brain images and the high-level image information is extracted by analyzing the relation among the anatomical parts. Each information is used in learning and classification. In an experiment, the MRI of the brain including disease have been used.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.23-29
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• 2018

'Dakyeong' (Avena sativa L.), a winter oats for forage use, was developed by the breeding team at National Institute of Crop Science, RDA in 2016. It was derived from a cross between 'CI7505'(IT133304) and 'Swan'(IT197920). Subsequent generations followed by the cross were handled in bulk and pedigree selection programs at Iksan and Jeonju, respectively. After preliminary and advanced yield test for 2 years, 'SO2004009-B-B-10-8-3-9', designated as a line name of 'Gwiri91', were subsequently evaluated for earliness and forage yield during 3 years in four parts such as Jeju (upland), Yesan (upland), Iksan (upland), and Jeonju (paddy), from 2014 to 2016, and finally named as 'Dakyeong'. Cultivar 'Dakyong' has leaves of dark green color, thick diameter culm and long grain of brown color. Over 3 years, the heading date of 'Dakyeong' was about 5 days earlier than that of check cultivar 'Samhan' (April 30 and May 5, respectively), and their average forage dry matter yield harvested at milk-ripe stage was higher 12% ($15.7tone\;ha^{-1}$) than $14.0tone\;ha^{-1}$ of check cultivar. Cultivar 'Dakyeong' was lower than the check cultivar 'Samhan' in terms of the protein content (6.1% and 7.0%, respectively) and total digestible nutrients (62.1%, and 62.5%, respectively), while the TDN yield was more than the check ($7.79tone\;ha^{-1}$ and $7.64tone\;ha^{-1}$, respectively). Fall sowing cropping of 'Dakyeong' is recommended only in areas where average daily minimum mean temperatures in January are higher than $-6^{\circ}C$, and it should not be cultivated in mountain areas, where frost damage is likely to occur.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.16-22
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• 2018

Oats (Avena sativa L.), which are known as one of the forage crops of Korea, have good livestock palatability and are popular to cattle farmers because of their high dry matter. However, the cultivation of double cropping in the rice field was reluctant due to the late maturing for farmers to plant rice continuously. 'Hi-early', a winter oats for forage use, was developed by the breeding team at National Institute of Crop Science, RDA in 2016. It was derived from a cross between '517A2-121'(IT133383) and 'CI7604' (IT133379). Subsequent generations followed by the cross were handled in bulk and pedigree selection programs at Suwon, Iksan and Jeonju, respectively. After preliminary and advance yield test for 2 years, 'SO2004015-B-B-23-1-3-7', designated as a line name of 'Gwiri92', were subsequently evaluated for earliness and forage yield during 3 years in four parts such as Jeju (upland), Yesan (upland), Iksan (upland), and Jeonju (paddy), from 2014 to 2016, and finally named as 'Hi-early'. Cultivar 'Hi-early' has the characteristics of medium leaves of green color, thick diameter culm, and medium grain of brown color. Over 3 years, the heading date of 'Hi-early' was about 9 days earlier than that of check cultivar 'Samhan' (April 26 and May 5, respectively). Average forage fresh yield of 'Hi-early' harvested at milk-ripe stage was similar to check cultivar ($40.2tone\;ha^{-1}$ and 40.0 tone ha-1, respectively), and dry matter yield also was similar to check cultivar (14.2 tone ha-1 and $14.0tone\;ha^{-1}$, respectively). Cultivar 'Hi-early' was lower than the check cultivar 'Samhan' in terms of the protein content (6.2% and 7.0%, respectively) and total digestible nutrients (61.0%, and 62.5%, respectively), while the TDN yield was more than the check ($7.91tone\;ha^{-1}$ and $7.64tone\;ha^{-1}$, respectively). Fall sowing cropping of 'Hi-early' is recommended only in areas where average daily minimum mean temperatures in January are higher than $-6^{\circ}C$, and it should not be cultivated in mountain areas, where frost damage is likely to occur.

• Korean Journal of Ichthyology
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.132-159
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• 1994

The taxonomic revision of the family Congridae was made based on the specimens collected from the south-western coasts of the Korea from June 1988 to Oct. 1993. The family Congridae was classified into 8 species belonging to 6 genera. based on the external and internal morphological characters : Anago anago, Ariosoma anagodies, Ariosoma shiroanago shiroanago, Conger myriaster, Conger japonicus, Gnathophis nystromi nystromi, Rhechias retrotincta and Uroconger lepturus. Among the species reported as the congrid eels from Korea until now, four species were transferred into different generic or specific name Conger flavirostris into Ariosoma anagoides ; Astroconger myriaster into Conger myriaster ; Congrina retrotincta into Rhechias retrotincta and Rhynchocymba nystromi into Gnathophis nystromi nystromi. A Korean congrid eel, Ariosoma shiroanago shiroanago, was reported for first time in Korea. Intergeneric characters of the family Congridae were the form of the lateralline scales, the state of the tip of tail, the segmented state of the dorsal and anal fin rays, the existance of the supraoccipital bone and of lateral ethmoid process of the skull, the origin of dorsal fin and the forms of upper labial flange. The interspecific classification was made according to the characters such as the numbers of sensory pores of head part and in front of vent, teeth rows and numbers of upper and lower jaw, the numbers of vertebrae, the body color, the shapes of the head part, the color of intestine, the size of eye, the structure of air bladder and the number of branchiostegal rays. A new key on the taxonomical characteristics to the genera and species of the family Congridae has been estabilished and their distribution in Korea is described.