• 대한예방한의학회지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.40-68
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• 2001

In this study, grade of subjective symptom appealed by laborer of Jeollabuk-do was evaluated using questionary regarding factor made effect on musculoskeletal disease and in addition, studied relationship with health promotion life style of them. Based on the result, relationship of general characteristics of musculoskeletal subjective symptom and life-style of the subjects was concluded as below. 1. General characteristics of study subjects were as following. Ratio of male was higher as 57.7% of male and 42.2% female and age distribution was 5.1% of 20s, 34.99% of 30s, 36.3% of 40s and 23.7% of 50s and therefore, $30{\sim}40$ aged groups showed highest ratio. Most subjects (74.9%) was married status and in case of education level, high-school graduate and dropout (23.3%) and over-college graduate (46.8%) showed highest distribution. $1{\sim}2$ Mil. KRW (29.5%) and $2{\sim}2.99$ Mil. KRW (21.2%) is the main income distribution and however there was high ratio of non-reply (29.0%). In case of employment period, $10{\sim}14$ years (15.3%) and over 15 years (29.6%) showed highest ratio and there were many non-reply (39.4%) and in addition, 67.6% replied as own house and 14.3% as lease on deposit base in question of residence type. 2. Subjects showed high ratio of subjective symptom appeal of 62.79% and many cases (50.23%) appealed 1 or 2 symptoms. Symptom by body region was 29.8% (waist), 27% (shoulder), 21.2% (knee), 15.5% (neck), 9.5% (ankle), 8.1% (wrist) and 5.0% (elbow) in order. In case of relationship with general characteristics, female comparing with male, non-residence of own house, subjects with lower education level and employment period of $10{\sim}14$ years showed higher appeal rate and kind of symptoms than others. Therefore, it was concluded that rate of musculoskeletal symptom appeal have close relationship with gender, level of living, education level, age and employment period. 3. In case of severe pain of upper body except waist and ankle, it was appealed in both or right side and it means that upper body pain is originated from right side and right region pain is transited to both region pain. In addition, there was 39.41% of non-reply to existence of right-left region pain and therefore, it was evaluated that, in may cases, there was no awareness of their own symptom condition even on subjective symptom. 4. Degree of pain was, as pain over middle level, evaluated as 2.79 on full mark of 4.0 and in order of waist (2.97), ankle (2.83), knee (2.82), wrist (2.82), neck (2.79), shoulder (2.70) and elbow (2.62). In addition, 71.97% appealed $2{\sim}3$ cases for the latest 1 week. Owing to subjective symptom, 54.95% drop into hospital or pharmacy, 10.32% made temporary retirement or absence, 7.99% transferred into more comfortable duty and $39.4{\sim}54%$ experienced one or more managing mentioned above. 5. Fulfillment of health promotion life style of subjects was evaluated on full mark of 4.0 and total score was 2.63. Average mark of each area was personal relationship (3.05), self-realization (2.92), stress management (2.63), health control (2.48), physical exercise (2.19) and nutrition management (2.19) and personal relationship was highest and physical exercise and nutrition management were lowest. As general characteristics influencing health promotion life style, gender, residence style and employment period showed significant difference. Male showed higher mark than female and showed higher mark in order of own house, others, lease on deposit base, monthly rent. Subjects with longer employment period showed higher mark with significant difference. 6. Accounting of factor influencing each area of health promotion life style, self-realization showed significance in marriage status, income, residence style and education level and health control in age, residence style and employment period. Physical exercise showed significant difference in gender, age, residence style and employment period and nutrition in gender, age, residence style and employment period. Stress management showed significant difference in residence style and employment period and however not in personal relationship. 7. Health promotion life style relating with existence and kind of pain showed significant difference in all area except personal relationship area. In absence of pain, there was statistically significant high score in all area even in total health promotion life style and all area. Accounting of kind of pain, cases of $1{\sim}2$ kinds of pain and $5{\sim}6$ kinds of pain showed relatively high score and it was lower than mark of subject stated absence of pain. 8. Subjects appeal symptom were classified by symptom region and difference of total and each areas were evaluated. General area (p=0.002), self-realization (p=0.012), health management (p=0.023), physical exercise (p=0.028), nutrition management (p=0.028) and stress control (p=0.001) showed statistically significant difference and not in personal relationship area. Especially, elbow, shoulder and neck area marked high and group appealed pain of knee, arm and elbow, foot and ankle marked low. Based on those results, subjective symptom should be accounted seriously in diagnosis of occupational musculoskeletal disease of laborer and among subjective symptom, general characteristics of gender, age, condition of living, education level and employment period make effect. Generally subject appeal symptom marked lower than subject without symptom appeal and it means that life management of subject appealing musculoskeletal pain make important role in management and treatment of occupational musculoskeletal disease.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제42권12호
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• pp.906-918
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• 2019

MicroRNA-223-3p (miR-223-3p) is one of the potential microRNAs that have been shown to alleviate inflammatory responses in pre-clinical investigations and is highly encased in exosomes derived from bone mesenchymal stem cells (MSC-exosomes). MSC-exosomes are able to function as carriers to deliver microRNAs into cells. Autoimmune hepatitis is one of the challenging liver diseases with no effective treatment other than steroid hormones. Here, we examined whether MSC-exosomes can transfer miR-223-3p to treat autoimmune hepatitis in an experimental model. We found that MSC-exosomes were successfully incorporated with miR-223-3p and delivered miR-223-3p into macrophages. Moreover, there was no toxic effect of exosomes on the macrophages. Furthermore, treatments of either exosomes or exosomes with miR-223-3p successfully attenuated inflammatory responses in the liver of autoimmune hepatitis and inflammatory cytokine release in both the liver and macrophages. The mechanism may be related to the regulation of miR-223-3p level and STAT3 expression in the liver and macrophages. These results suggest that MSC-exosomes can be used to deliver miR-223-3p for the treatment of autoimmune hepatitis.

• 농촌의학ㆍ지역보건
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.157-168
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• 1995

This study was carried out, through analyzing the annual reports(year of 1973-1993) on health status of Su Dong-Myun, and specific survey data of 332 households(Su Dong-Myun 209, Byul Nae-Myun 123), located in Nam Yang Ju-Si, Kyung Gi-Do, from July 20 to July 31, 1995, to find out more effective means for primary medical care in a rural area. The results were as fellows : 1. Number of population in Su Dong-Myun was 5,419 in 1973, 4,591(the lowest) in 1987 and 5,707 in 1995. In the composition rate of population, "0-14" of age group showed markedly decreasing tendency from 43.1% in 1975, to 19.1% in 1995, however "65 and over" markedly in creasing tendency form 5.3% in 1975 to 9.8% in 1995. 2. Annual utilization rate per 1,000 inhabitants in Su Dong-Myun showed markedly increasing tendency from 1973 to 1977 such as 343 in 1973, 540 in 1975, 900 in 1977. However, since 1979, the rate showed rapidly decreasing tendency, such as 846 in 1979, 519 in 1985, 190 in 1991 and 1993. 3. The morbid household rate per year was 53.6% of respondents and the rate per 15 days was 48.2%. In disease classification rate of morbid household per year, Arthralgia & Neuralgia was the highest rate(33.9%) and gastro-intestinal disorder(19.3%), Cough(11,9%), Hypertension(7.8%), Accident(3.2%) in next order. 4. In the utilizing facilities for Primary Medical Care, Medical facilities was showed the highest rate(58.1% of respondents) and Pharmacy and Drug Shp(33.1%), Tradition Method(4.0%) in next order. In the Medical facilities, General private clinic was showed the highest rate(34.3%) and specific private Clinic(22.3%), Hospital(19.0%), Health (Sub)center(16.3%), Nurse practitioner (3.3%), Oriental hospital and clinic(2.7%) in next order. 5. Experience rate, utilizing health subcenter was 51.8% of the respondents, and it was 55.0% in Su Dong-Myun and 46.3% in Byul Nae-Myun. In utilization times of health subcenter, times-rate showed next orders such as 1-2 times/6months(31.6%), 1-2 times/year (22.1%), 1-2 times/months(19.2%), 1-2 times/3months(15.6%). 6. In objectives, visiting Health Subcenter, Medical Care was the highest rate(59.8% of the respondents) and health control(23.3%) was in next order. In Medical Care, Primary Care by general physician was higher rate(51.1%) almost all. In the Health control, Immunization too was high rate(18.0%) in health control activities. 7. The reasons rate, utilizing health subcenter showed next order, such as distance to Medical facilities(33.0% of the respondents), Medical Cost(28.1%), Simple process of consultation (10.8%), Effectiveness of cure(7.6%), Function of primary medical care(7.0%) and Attitude of physician(6.5%). 8. In the affecting factors to utilization of primary medical facilities, medical needs was showed the highest rate(29.5% of the respondents) and medical cost(15.4%), distance to medical facilities(14.2%), traffic vehicle(14.2%) and farm work(6.9%) in next order. 9. In the priority between 'daily farm work,' and 'primary medical care', only 46.4% of respondents answered that primary health care is more important than the daily farm work The 22.6% of respondents answered 'daily farm work', and the 12.3% answered 'the equal of the both'. 10. In the criterion of medical facilities choice, medical knowledge and technical quality was showed the highest rate(56.3%), distance or time to medical facilities(10.9%), sincerity and kindness of physician(9.4%), medical cost(8.7%) and traffic vehicle(6.5%) in next order 11. In the advise for improvement of health subcenter function, the 36.1% of respondents answered that 'enforcement of medical personnel and equipment' was required, and then 'improved medical technology'(25.5%), 'good attitude of physician'(14.9%), 'improved medical system'(13.3%), 'enforced drug'(6.7%) in next order. 12. The study on affecting factors to utilization of primary medical facilities was very difficult subject to systematize the analyzed results, due to a prejudice of protocol planner, surveyer and respondent, and variety and overlapping of subject matter.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.9-18
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• 1968

Dividing into six(6) experimental groups; Stock Diet(SD) Group, Rice Diet(RD) Group, Rice Diet supplemented with Barley(RD-BD) Group, Barley Diet(BD) Group, Rice Diet supplemented with Millet(RD-MD) Group, and Millet Diet(MD) Group, biochemical and nutritional effects of rice, barley, and millet on rats are studied. The grains used in this experiment are polished ones and purchased from market. Six(6) weaning male albino rats are housed into the individual cages in each group and fed with each experimental diet and water ad libitum for 21 weeks. The composition of the experimental diets are shown in Table 1. At the end of experiment, the appearences of rats are observed and the bloods are sampled by heart puncture method following ether anesthesia for determinations of serum protein and serum cholesterol. And the livers are sampled immediately right after heart after heart puncture for determinations of liver weight, liver nitrogen, liver fat, and liver glycogen. And also liver tissues are observed histologically. The result of growth experiment is shown in Table 2 and Figure 7. The results of blood analysis are shown in Table 3 and the results of liver analysis are shown in Table 4. And the histological observations of liver tissue are shown in Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6. According to the above results, it could be summarized as follows; 1) The normal appearences are observed at SD Group and BD Group. Alopecia is observed at RD, RD-­BD, RD-MD, and MD groups and the wet appearences of hair are observed at RD-MD and MD groups. The color of hair is changed to yellowish white at RD, RD-MD groups. The maximum growth inhibition, is observed at MD group and the growths of RD, RD-BD, BD, and RD-MD groups are significantly lower than that of SD group. The growth of RD group is lower than those of RD-BD and BD groups, though this difference is not significant. 2) At the blood analysis, the highest serum protein content is shown at SD group and the lowest serum protein is observed at MD group. The serum cholesterol contents are not significantly different among the six(6) experimental groups. 3) The highest liver weight is observed at SD group and the lowest weight is shown at MD group. However, oppositely the highest liver weight per 100 grams of body weight at MD group and the lowest liver weight per 100 grams of body weight at SD group are observed as shown in Table 6. 4) The differences of liver nitrogen contents of RD, RB-BD, BD, RD-MD, and MD Groups are not significant except SD group showing the highest content. 5) The significant highest content of liver fat is observed at RD group and the lowest content of liver fat is shown at SD group. And no significant differences in contents of liver glycogen are observed among the six(6) experimental groups. 6) No significant abnormal histological changes of liver tissue are observed at SD, RD-BD, and BD groups. However, the fat metamorphosis at peripheral zone of liver tissue is observed at RD Group and the some histological abnormal changes are observed at RD-MD and MD groups. According to the above summaries, the followings might be estimated and recommended; 1) The BD group shows histological normality of liver tissue, improvement of liver fat and liver nitrogen, normality of appearence, and better growth compared with RD Group. This could be indicated that barley is nutritionally and biochemically better than rice as the feeding diet on rat. And it might be considered that there might be the species speciality for nutritionary evaluation of food. 2) Recently, Marshall indicated that the high consumption of carbohydrate causes fatty liver and Kondo reported that the higher consumption of rice causes the more heart disease and the shorter life span. Considering these reports, the higher consumption of rice as a main dish in our country should be considered as an important national nutritional problem. And this might be improved by supplementing with barley or other grains to rice.

• 대한약리학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.31-40
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• 1974

기니아-픽 및 백서정관(白鼠精管)에 대(對)한 $PGE_1$의 작용(作用)과 이들 조직(組織)에 있어서 교감신경효능제(交感神經效能劑)의 작용(作用)에 미치는 $PGE_1$의 효과(效果)를 보고 나아가서 계양막(鷄羊膜)에 대(對)한 $PGE_1$의 작용(作用)을 관찰(觀察)하였다. 1. 기니아-픽 적출정관표본(摘出精管標本)에서 $PGE_1$전처치(前處置)에 의(依)하여 phenylephrine이나 norepinephrine의 작용(作用)이 증강(增强)되었으며, 하복신경(下腹神經)-근표본(筋標本)에서 신경자극(神經刺戟)이나 trans-mural stimulation에 의(依)한 수축(收縮)에 미치는 phenylephrine, norepinephrine 및 tyratnine의 작용(作用)이 $PEG_1$ 전처치(前處置)에 의(依)하여 증강(增强)되었다. 특히 긴장상승(緊張上昇)이 현저(顯著)하였다. 2. 백서정관(白鼠精管)의 하복신경(下腹神經)-근표본(筋標本)에서는 기너아-픽 정관(精管)에서와는 달리 $PGE_1$을 처리(處理)함으로써 신경자극(神經刺戟) 및 transmural stimulation에 의(依)한 수축고(收縮高)가 서서(徐徐)히 감소(減少)되고, $PGE_1$을 전처치(前處置)한 후(後)에도 $10^{-6}g/ml$ phenylephrine 또는 norepinephrine에 의(依)한 긴장상승(緊張上昇)이나 수축고(收縮高)의 증가(增加)는 나타나지 아니 하였다. 3. 신경섬유(神經纖維)가 제거(除去)된 기니아-픽정관(精管)에 있어서는 $PGE_1$ 전처치(前處置)에 의(依)하여 phenylephrine 또는 norepinep. hrine의 작용(作用)이 증가(增加)되나 denervation 된 백서(白鼠)의 정관(精管)에 있어서는 $PGE_1$ 처리(處理)로서는 norepinephrine의 작용(作用)에 하등(何等)의 영향(影響)을 주지 아니 하였다. 4. 계양막평활근(鷄羊膜平滑筋)의 자발운동(自發運動)은 저농도(低濃度) $PGE_(10^{-8}g/ml)$에 의(依)하여 거의 변화(變化)를 받지 아니 하나, 농도(濃度)가 增加(增加)함으로서 자발운동(自發運動)은 불규칙(不規則)하나 대체(大體)로 억제적(抑制的)으로 나타났었고, $PGE_1$ 전처치후(前處置後) 고농도(高濃度) phenylephrine을 작용(作用)시켰으나 구등(?等)의 영향(影響)을 받지 아니 하였고 physostigmine의 작용(作用)은 길항(拮抗하였다. 이상(以上)의 결과(結果)로 보아 $PGE_1$은 동물(動物)의 정관(精管)에 대(對)한 작용(作用)에는 종(種)의 차이(差異)가 있으며 $PGE_1$은 교감신경효능제(交感神經效能劑)에 의(依)한 기니아-픽 정관수축작용(精管收縮作用)에 대(對)하여 supersensitivity를 야기(惹起)시켰으며, 이는 정관평활근(精管平滑筋)에 대(對)한 직접작용(直接作用)이 아닌 다른 작용기전(作用機轉)에 기인(基因)할 것으로 사료(思料)되는 바이다.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.710-718
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• 2002

콩과 식물인 갈근에는 genistein과 daidzein이 함유된 것으로 알려졌으므로 본 연구는 갈근(PR), 갈화(PF) 및 어린순인 갈용(PL)에 함유된 phytoestrogen의 함량을 HPLC법으로 정량 분석하였다. 동시에 phytoestrogen의 골다공증 치료제에 대한 효능 검색의 일환으로 조골세포의 증식작용(MTT법 및 ALP분석)과 피골세포의 활성(TRAP법)을 측정하였고 난소절제 흰쥐에 PR 1 g/kg/day(PR-1) 및 PR 5 g/kg/day(PR-5)을 9주 동안 투여한 후 혈액분석, 혈장 Alkaline phospatase(ALP), 칼슘, 무기성 인산염, 총콜레스테롤, LDL- 및 HDL-콜레스테롤을 측정하였고 적출된 경골 및 요추골의 소주골면적을 측정하였다. PR과 PF의 총 daidzein의 함량은 $10436{\pm}2144\;mg/kg$와 $1003{\pm}206\;mg/kg$이었고 genistein과 formononetin은 PR에만 존재하고 PF 및 PL에는 함유되어 있지 않았다. 인간 유사 조골 세포주인 Saos-2에 PR은 대조군의 158% 정도(5 mg/mL)의 세포증식효과와 ALP 활성을 증가시켰으나 전처리한 PR, PF 및 PL의 세포증식효과는 없었고 PL만이 ALP 활성을 증가시켰다. 파골세포의 증식억제실험에서 genistein의 $IC_{50}$는 $1.57{\times}10^{-4}\;mg/mL$ $(5.81{\times}10^{-7}\;M)$이었고, daidzein과 PR은 효과가 없었다. 난소절제 흰쥐에 대한 in vivo 실험에서 대조군이 sham군보다 난소적출 1주 후부터 체중의 증가가 급격하게 나타났으나 PR의 투여로 둔화되었다. PR 투약에 의한 자궁의 무게는 PR-5군은 대조군에 비해 증가되었고(p<0.05), PR-1군은 대조군과 유의성이 없었다. 혈장 ALP의 활성은 주령의 증가에 EK라 감소하는 경향을 보였고, HDL-콜레스테롤의 농도는 모든 군에서 주령에 따라 감소되었으나(p<0.01), PR-5군의 LDL-콜레스테롤의 농도는 대조군에 비해 감소되었다(p<0.01). 대조군에 비해 sham군의 경골 및 요추골의 면적은 증가되었고(p<0.01), PR 투여군(PR-1 및 PR-5)도 sham보다 적으나 대조군에 비해 소주골 면적이 증가되었다(각 p<0.01). 특히 고용량의 PR 투여는 PR의 골다공증 치료효과가 우수함을 증명하였으며(p<0.01), PL과 PF는 효능이 미비하나 PR은 골다공증의 예방 및 치료제로는 상당히 우수한 한약재임이 확인되었다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제35권10호
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• pp.1356-1362
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• 2006

본 연구는 함초의 효소적 가수분해물이 고콜레스테롤 식이 흰쥐의 항산화계와 지질과산화에 미치는 영향을 관찰하였다. 실험 동물은 체중 $150{\pm}10g$ 내외의 Sprague-Dawley 종 수컷 흰쥐를 사용하였으며, 정상식이 대조군(N), 정상식이에 함초 열수추출물 2% 공급군(NW-2), 고콜레스테롤식이 대조군(C) 및 고콜레스테롤식이에 함초 열수추출물을 각각 1%(CW-1), 2%(CW-2) 및 4%(CW-4) 공급한 군으로 하여 총 6군으로 나누었다. 식이 및 식수는 자유섭취하게 하였으며 3주간 사육한 후 희생시켰다. 체중증가량은 N군에 비해 C군에서 유의적으로 증가하였으며, 함초추출물 공급군들은 C군에 비해 다소 감소하였으나 유의적인 수준은 아니었다. 간조직 손상의 지표를 나타내는 GOT및 GPT 효소활성 변화를 측정한 결과 GOT는 각 군간에 유의성이 없었으나 GPT는 고콜레스테롤 식이 대조군에 비해 함초추출물 1% 및 2% 공급군에서 유의적으로 감소하여 함초의 효소적 가수분해물은 간독성에 영향을 미치지 않음을 알 수 있었다. 간조직 중의 항산화 방어계의 효소 활성을 측정한 결과 SOD 활성은 C군에 비해 함초추출물 공급군에서 다소 증가하였으며, 특히 함초추출물 2%를 공급한 CW-2군에서 유의적으로 증가하였다. GSHpx 활성은 함초추출물 공급군에서 증가하는 경향이었으며 특히 함초추출물 4% 공급군에서 유의적으로 증가하였다. Catalase 활성은 함초추출물 공급군에서 다소 증가하였으나 각 군간에 유의적인 차이가 없었다. 한편, 조직의 과산화적 손상의 지표가 되는 간조직의 TBARS 함량은 C군에서 N군에 비해 30% 증가되었으나 함초추출물 2%와 4% 공급군에서 C군에 비해 각각 23%와 26%씩 감소되었다. 또한, 간조직의 mitochondria에서 carbonyl 함량을 측정한 결과 N군에 비해 C군에서 29% 증가하였으나 함초추출물을 각각 1%, 2% 및 4% 공급한 군들에서 각각 31%, 30%및 26%씩 감소하여 정상군 수준이었다. 그러나 간조직의 microsome에서는 실험군 간의 유의적인 차이는 없었다. 이러한 결과로부터 함초의 효소적 가수분해물은 고콜레스테롤 식이 흰쥐 간조직의 항산화계를 강화시켜 조직의 산화적 손상을 감소시키는 항산화 효과가 있음이 규명되었다.

• 한국병원경영학회지
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.24-56
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to analyze the characteristics of socio-demographic, organizational culture, organizational conflict and organizational commitment, and to examine the interrelation of influential factors in the organizational commitment. The data for this study were collected through a self-administrated survey with a structured questionnaire to 1,027 subjects from several medical doctor staff members, nursing staff members, administration staff members, pharmacist, and technical expert of eleven hospitals. The data were collected by self-reporting questionnaire from July 29 to September 7, 2002. In this analysis frequency test, t-test, ANOVA, multiple regression were used. The main results of this research is as following; 1. According to socio-demographic characteristics the respondents' level of the organizational commitment was higher in a administration staff members than others, for males than females, and for employees aged more than forty, as working for longer time, and as higher level of the working position. 2. According to the organizational culture characteristics the progressive culture, affiliative culture, and task-focused culture among many types of organizational culture were moderately and positively correlated with the level of the organizational commitment while the hierarchical culture was negatively correlated. 3. According to the organizational conflict characteristics as the respondents who got less conflict experience in the organization, their level of the organizational commitment was higher. And, technical conflict experiences were expressed greater than hierarchical conflict experiences. 4. According to the job satisfaction characteristics as his or her satisfaction that is about the promotion, working itself, salary, and fellowship in the organizational was higher, the level of the organizational commitment was higher. The most important factor of the satisfactions was the fellowship among the respondents while the level of job satisfaction for the promotion and salary was average. 5. Overall, according to the result of Multiple Regression as older age and longer working hours, the level of the organizational commitment was higher and as a higher level of the satisfaction for the promotion, working itself, salary, and fellowship in the organization, it caused more effective factors for the organizational commitment. 6. According to the result of Multiple Regression for the doctor staff members in special hospitals rather than general hospitals the hierarchical culture and task focused culture was positively correlated with the satisfaction of working itself while hierarchical conflict factors in the organizational conflict characteristics was negatively correlated with the organizational commitment. For the nursing staff members the affiliative culture and the job satisfaction for the promotion, working itself, salary, and fellowship were positively correlated with the organizational commitment. For the administration staff members as the job satisfaction for the fellowship was positively correlated with the organizational commitment. For medical and pharmacy staff members as more working experience, correlation with the organizational commitment was positive. Besides, as he or she has a high perception of the affiliative culture, it caused statistically more effective factors for the organizational commitment. For the skill and technicians, male worker expressed greater organizational commitment in the organization than female worker. And also older age along with higher education also showed higher organizational commitment. Moreover, the job satisfaction for the fellowship was positively correlated with the organizational commitment. This study identified the major effective factors of the organizational commitment and analyzed the differences among the job category. In that respect, it is significant for the study to be able to provide a reference for managing hospital of industrial accident and organizational development. However, this study has a problem, which is not to identify a valuable model for examining the relationship between organizational factors such as organizational culture, conflict, satisfaction, and commitment. Therefore, further study is needed and strengthened in the field of organizational commitment for hospital for industrial accident.

• 치위생과학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.158-166
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• 2014

본 연구는 남자 고등학생들의 스트레스와 구강건강의 중요성 및 주관적 구강건강상태 인식, 칫솔질 횟수에 따른 스트레스와 구강건강관련 삶의 질에 대한 연관성을 파악하여 고등학생들에 대한 실질적인 구강보건교육 필요성을 강조하며 청소년기의 구강위생관리가 올바르게 이루어져 성인 및 노인기까지 구강건강이 유지 증진되어 전반적인 삶의 질이 향상될 수 있는 기초자료를 제공하고자 한다. 2013년 5월부터 7월까지 충남에 위치한 2개 고등학교 1, 2학년을 대상으로 편의표본추출법에 의한 자기기입식으로 설문조사를 실시하였다. PASW Statistics 18.0과 AMOS 5.0 프로그램을 이용하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 잠재변수 스트레스가 하위 5가지 영역의 스트레스와 구강건강관련 삶의 질과의 관련성을 분석결과 모두 유의한 것으로(p<0.001)로 나타났으며, 스트레스가 구강건강관련 삶의 질에 주는 영향력은 구강건강의 중요성 인식에 따라 구강건강이 중요하지 않다고 인식할 때보다(-0.38, p<0.001), 중요하다고 인식할 때(-0.32, p<0.001) 구강건강관련 삶의 질이 높은 것으로 나타나 스트레스의 영향이 낮은 것을 알 수 있으며, 주관적 구강건강 인식에서 또한 스스로 구강건강이 좋다고 인식할 때 스트레스의 영향력이-0.14 (p<0.05)로 낮게 나타나 구강건강관련 삶의 질이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 구강건강관리 행태와의 관련성에서는 하루 칫솔질 횟수가 1회로 낮을 때 스트레스가 구강건강의 삶의 질에 주는 영향력이 -0.69 (p<0.001)로 매우 높아 구강건강관련 삶의 질에도 매우 부정적인 영향을 주었다. 이상의 결과를 바탕으로 모델의 적합도 검정결과 GFI, AGFI, CFI, NFI에서 모두 0.9 이상을 보였으며, RMR과 RMSEA 값이 모두 0.1보다 작은 값이 추정되어 양호한 모형이다. 본 연구결과 스트레스와 구강건강관련 삶의 질은 연관성이 있다고 볼 수 있다. 또한 학생들의 구강건강 중요성 인식과 주관적 구강건강 인식도는 구강건강관련 삶의 질과 연관성이 있음을 확인되었고, 구강위생 관리 행태 중 칫솔질 횟수와도 연관성이 나타났다. 그러므로 본인의 구강건강을 스스로 책임져야 할 시기인 고등학생들이 구강건강을 위하여 바람직한 인식과 습관 형성을 위한 실질적이고 체계적인 구강보건교육이 시행되야 할 것이다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제38권12호
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• pp.1753-1759
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• 2009

본 연구는 산초 잎의 에탄올 추출물과 초피 과피에서 얻은 정유를 과메기 제조 시 처리하였을 때 산패 억제와 품질 향상 효과를 조사하였다. 산초의 에탄올 추출물(ZS)은 1% 에탄올에, 초피 정유(ZP)는 20% 에탄올에 용해시켜 길이로 2등분하여 탈수시킨 꽁치 1 kg 당 산초 추출물은 0, 0.125, 0.25, 1 ppm 되게, 초피 정유는 0, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2 ppm 되게 분무하여 과메기를 자연 건조하여 제조하고 다층 필름포장제로 진공 포장하였다. 포장된 과메기를 실험 시까지 -20${^{\circ}C}$에 보관하였다가 개봉한 후 4${^{\circ}C}$ 냉장고에서 1, 3, 7일 보관하며 산패 정도와 아민류의 변화, 관능검사를 실시하였다. 과메기의 산가, 과산화물가 및 TBA값은 개봉 후 보관기간이 길어질수록 증가하였으며 산초 추출물 0.125 ppm 이상, 초피 정유 0.25 ppm에서 효과가 나타났으며 이 효과는 농도 의존적이며 보관기간이 길어질수록 더 뚜렷하였다. 산초 추출물과 초피 정유 처리에 의하여 과메기 내의 dimethylamine과 trimethylamine(TMA)의 증가도 억제하였으며 trimethylamine oxide의 함량은 높게 유지되었고 3일 보관한 과메기에서 TMA<4.5 mg/100 g을 유지시킬 수 있는 산초 추출물의 농도는 0.25 ppm, 초피 정유는 0.5 ppm이었다. 3일 보관된 과메기에 대한 관능검사 결과 초피정유를 0.5-1ppm 처리한 시료에서 가장 좋은 점수를 나타내었다. 결론적으로 소량의 산초추출물과 초피 정유는 과메기의 산패를 억제하여 품질을 개선시키는 효과가 있다고 사료된다.