• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.53-57
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• 2020

Streptococcus agalactiae or group B streptococcus (GBS) is associated with infections in neonates and pregnant women. Herein, we describe a rare case of GBS renal abscess with peritonitis and pleural effusion in a 17-year-old girl with type 1 diabetes mellitus. The girl was admitted due to fever and right flank pain. Laboratory findings included leukocytosis and increased C-reactive protein level and erythrocyte sedimentation rate. Her serum glucose level was 484 mg/dL. Urinalysis showed no pyuria. Renal sonography revealed parenchymal swelling in the right kidney. The patient was administered intravenous cefotaxime. Urine and blood cultures were negative. Fever seemed to improve, but the following day, she complained of abdominal pain and fever. Antibiotic was switched to imipenem, and abdominal and pelvic CT revealed a ruptured right renal abscess, peritonitis, and bilateral pleural effusion with atelectasis. Pigtail catheter drainage of the abscess was performed. Culture from the abscess was positive for GBS, and fever subsided 2 days after the drainage. She was discharged with oral cefixime. The clinical course of urinary tract infections (UTIs) can be atypical in patients with diabetes, and GBS can be a cause of UTIs. Prompt diagnosis and management are necessary to prevent complications in patients showing atypical courses.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.50 no.1
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• pp.63-71
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• 2020

Odontogenic keratocysts (OKCs) are one of the most aggressive cysts in the oral and maxillofacial area because of their high recurrence rate and infiltrative behavior. In growing patients with OKCs, a radical treatment approach might cause numerous complications, including the disturbance of jaw growth and loss of the involved tooth. This case report describes successful comprehensive orthodontic treatment combined with marsupialization of the cyst in a young girl who exhibited an OKC with impacted teeth. The 10-year-old girl presented with an OKC extending from the mandibular symphysis through the left mandibular body, with ectopic impaction of the mandibular left canine and first premolar, as well as congenitally missing bilateral mandibular second premolars. Interestingly, spontaneous improvement of the positions of the ectopic impacted teeth, along with a reduction in the size of the cyst, occurred during marsupialization. The sequential use of removable and fixed appliances enabled orthodontic traction of the impacted teeth. The treatment outcome was stable at 2.5 years after the end of the treatment. We speculate that comprehensive orthodontic treatment combined with marsupialization can be an effective treatment strategy for patients with OKCs, especially when they are encountered in young, growing patients with impacted teeth.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.227-231
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• 1999

Hemolytic uremic syndrome is a clinical syndrome with various etiology and pathogenesis. And pneumococcal neuraminidase has been known to play a pathogenetic role in some cases with this syndrome. We experienced two children with hemolytic uremic syndrome complicated by pneumococcal infection. One was 21-month-old girl with pneumococcal pneumonia, and the other was 7-month-old girl with pneumococcal meningitis and sepsis. Both of them showed typical clinical manifestations of hemolytic uremic syndrome with prolonged anuria during the course of pneumococcal infection. The renal functions of both cases did not recovered after resolution of acute hemolytic episode and chronic renal failure developed.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.49 no.2
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• pp.141-144
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• 2016

Atypical adenomatous hyperplasia is a premalignant lesion reflecting a focal proliferation of atypical cells. These lesions are usually observed as incidental findings in lungs that have been resected due to other conditions, such as lung cancer. We report the youngest case of atypical adenomatous hyperplasia on record in a 12-year-old girl. In this patient, the lesion was found in association with pneumothorax.

• Advances in pediatric surgery
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.17-23
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• 2006

A 3-year-old girl with a primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PNET) and a 6-yearold girl with acute lymphoid leukemia were referred to us because of problems with their implantable central venous ports (Port-A-Cath$^{(R)}$). On physical examination, the ports were upside-down, so a needle could notbe inserted through the membrane of the port. Right lateral side view of the chest radiogram confirmed port inversion in both cases. At operation, the ports were inverted and the transfixing sutures were totally absorbed. The ports were rotated 180 degrees and anchoring sutures placed.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.23-34
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• 1977

A study was carried out for the evaluation on family situation of 900 homemakers those who had received tubal sterilization operation (laparoscopic and minilaparotomy) at family planning clinic, Seoul Red Cross Hospital from October 1974 to September 1977. The results obtained are as follows: 1) In age distribution, predominant age group consisted of those $31{\sim}35$ years frequency of 43.2% and average age was 33.3 years. 2) Educational level showed that homemakers who finished primary school accounted for 37.3% of the total and those having middle school education comprised 28.7%, and 24.3% of them were high school graduates, 8.3% of them were college graduates. On the other hand, husband's education level showed that, 37.6% of them were high school graduates, 29.7% were college graduates and 19.9% were middle school graduates, therefor, educational level of husbands was one step higher than wives. 3) In the gravidity at the tubal sterilization, the highest incidence(18.4%) among 853cases was the group of gravida 5, and 16.2% gravida 4, and the gravidity ranged $1{\sim}23$. Average gravidity of clients was 6.0. 4) Among the total number of 900 clients, 778cases (91.3%) had no experience of spontanous abortion, history of 1 abortion in 5.9%, 2 abortions in 1.8%, and it showed the decresed incidence of spontanous abortion recently. Average was 0.15. As regarding induced abortion, in spite of only 142 homemakers (16.7%) had no history of induced abortion, 20.5% had experienced 1 induced abortion before sterilization, 17.7% had 2 induced abortions, 14.6% had 3 abortions, 10.3% had 4 abortions, and 0.2% (2cases) had over 20 abortions. Average was 2.7. 5) In regarding to the number of living children, the greatest number (45.0%) of clients had 3 children, and 26.5% 2 children, 19.7% 4 children. Average number of their living children was 3.03. 6) Sex ratio of living children, among 18 clients those had 1 child, 17 homemakers had 1 boy and no girl, 1 homemaker had no boy and 1 girl only. Sex ratio showed that woman who had 2 boys and no girl accounted for 46.3%, however, those having no boy and 2 girls ocmprised only 1. 8% among 229 clients who had 2 children. Among 389 clients who had 3 children, in spite of woman who had 3 boys and no girl comprised 16.5%, but no boy and 3 girls only 1.5%. Among 170 clients who had 4 children, homemakers with 4 boys and no girl accounted for 4.1%, however, no boy and 4 girls 1.8% of the total. Among 52 clients, who had 5 children, woman with 5 boys and no girl comprised 3.9%, no boy and 5 girls 0%. Among 7 cases who had 6 children, there were 3 cases who had 3 boys and 3 girls, but only 1 cases had 1 boy and 5 girls and so on. These results showed a strong trend of male preference in Korea and this could be one of the inhibit factors for family planning.

• Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.57-71
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• 1994

I investigated actual conditions of smoking of teenagers who were randomly chosen middle and high school students. 1. Juvenile smoking 1) Parents' opinions of juvenile smoking Most parents do not want their children to smoke after growth : 88.6% of fathers (middle school students: 88.9%, high school students: 88.4%) and 95.1% of mothers (middle school students: 93.4%, high school students :95.5%). 2) Teenagers' opinions of smoking after growth The rate of students who will smoke after growth is 10.8% (middle school students: 12.0%, high school students: 9.9%): students in agricultural areas show the higher rate than those in cities. 3) Parents' opinions of their children's smoking now 1.5% of fathers want their children to smoke now (middle school students: 1.3%, high school students: 1.6%) and 1.1% of mothers do (middle school students: 0.6%, high school students: 1.5%). This shows that most parents do not want their children to smoke now. 4) Students' opinions of their friends' smoking now Students who want their friends smoke now cover 7.8% (middle school students: 7.1%, high school students: 8.4%). This rates are higher than those of parents shown in (3). And more high school students and more girl students gave the positive reponse than middle school boy and girl students, respectively. 5) Students' views of smoking "Look like an adult" covers the rate of 4.0% (boy: 7.8%, girl:3.6%) 6.7% of middle school students have this view, while 3.7% of high school students have. 16.1% of students had an experience of smoking during the last one year (boy: 29.9%, girl: 8.6%): this shows that the rate of the boy students is more than 3 times greater than that of the girl students and high students who experienced smoking last year covers 20.2%, while middle school students shows 10.9%. 6) Actual conditions of students' smoking The present rate of students' smoking is 22.4% (boy:38.3%, girl:13.8%): the rate of boy students is greater than that of girl students. Students who smoke more than pack of cigarettes a day cover 8.2% (boy: 17.5%, girl: 3.2%): 5.2% of middle school students (boy:11.4%, girl: 2.1%) smoke more than one pack while 10.7% of high school students do (boy:21.5%, girl: 4.2%). This shows that the rate of boy students' smoking is greater than that of girl students' smoking. 7) The rate of smoking of students' parents 75.4% of fathers (city: 74.5%, agricultural area:75.9%) smoke: and more than a half (62.4%) smoke more than a pack cigarettes a day. On the other hand, the rate of smoking mothers is 5.2%(city: 4.3%, agricultural area: 7.3%): the rate is higher in agricultural areas. 8) Opinions of smoking population in the future 61.4% of students answered that smoking population will increase, while 27.0% have the opinion that smoking population will decrease. 2. Opinions of the effects of smoking on health 1) Have you heard that smokers are likely to suffer from tuberclosis? 78.3% of students said yes (boy: 80.8%, girl: 76.4%): it is shown that the rate of boys is greater than that of girls. 2) Have you heard that smokers are likely to get out of endurance? 76.6% of students (boy: 69.3%, girl: 49.7%) answered yes: it is shown that the rate of boys is greater than that of girls. 3) Have you heard that heart-beats get fast when one smokes? 32.5% of students (boy: 35.5%, girl: 30.9%) answered yes: 32.2% in cities(boy: 33.0%, girl: 31.8%) and 33.5% in agricultural areas(boy: 41.8%, girl: 28.8%): and 28.7% middle students and 35.5% of high school students answered yes. 4) Have you heard that smokers are likely to have heart-diseases? 35.1% of students (boy: 34.0%, girl: 34.1%) answered yes: 35.3% in cities (boy: 37.2%, girl: 34.2%) and 36.7% in agricultural areas (boy: 39.0%, girl: 33.9%): 34.8% of middle school students and 35.4% of high school students. 5) Have you heard that smokers are likely to have a lung cancer? 91.4% of students (boy: 93.2%, girl: 89.9%) answered yes: 90.35% in cities and 94.2% in agricultural areas. 6) Have you heard that the life of smokers gets shorter? 94.3% of students (boy:94.6%, girl: 92.2%) answered yes. 7) Have you heard that pregnant smokers will deliver a baby with low birth weight? 29.6% of students (boy: 29.8%, girl: 29.4%) answered yes: the rates of boys and girls almost the same. 8) Have you heard that one feels calm when one smokes? 80.1% of students (boy: 81.8%, girl: 79.2%) answered yes: boys and girls showed almost the same rate. 3. Preventive measures Smoking people continued to increase all over the world because smoking not only mitigated emotional uneasiness such as loneliness, nervousness and so on, but also could be very helpful from the social perspective. This was so because they did not consider harmful effects of smoking on health, and victims. However, because any -one can have physical disorders caused by smoking, people should always keep in mind the following preventive measures. 1) Doctors or teachers should set an example of giving up smoking. Informing patients or students of harmful effects of smoking to persuade their family and relatives not to smoke. 2) Through mass media like newspapers, periodicals or broadcasting, to make people know harmful effects of smoking and not smoke. 3) To prohibit selling teenagers cigarette by law. 4) To prohibit smoking in public places like work places, offices, lecture rooms, recreation rooms, buses, trains and so on. 5) To decrease the rate of life insurance for non-smokers as in foreign countries and to give a warming of the harmful effects on cigarette packets or ads.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.56 no.9
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• pp.411-415
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• 2013

Infectious diseases precede a significant proportion of acute ischemic strokes in children. Here, we report a case of acute ischemic stroke in a 3-year-old girl with a Mycoplasma pneumonia-associated respiratory tract infection. She developed an acquired prothrombotic state of protein S deficiency and had increased fibrinogen and fibrinogen degradation product levels and increased titer of antinuclear antibodies. However, these conditions were completely alleviated at the 1-month follow-up examination. Infection with M. pneumoniae may cause a transient prothrombotic state that can potentially cause a thrombus.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.410-424
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• 1998

The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between social support and health behavior in girl high school students in all girl schools. The subjects were 190 girls in 2 Kunsan schools. The instruments used for this study were the social support scale developed by Park(1985) and the health behavior scale developed by Walker etc(1987). As modified by Lee & Han(1996). The data were analysed by correlation coefficient, regression coefficient using an SAS program. The results of this study were as follows: 1. The mean score of social support was 3.96 and the mean score of health behavior was 3.33. 2. 1) General characteristics were related to the degree of social support: personality, spending money, friend number, exercise(p<0.05). 2) General characteristics were related to the degree of health behavior: personality, spending money, friend number, exercise, stress(p<0.05). 3. The hypothesis of this study, 'The higher the degree of social support perceived by the student, the higher the degree of health behavior' was supported(r=0.5730, p=0.0001). For these subjects, there was a significant relationship between social support and the degree of health behavior. Nurses should plan interventions in promotion health behavior with social support as a significant factor in adolescents. If so, their coping ability and well- being may be promoted.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.873-879
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• 2013

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to investigate the factors related to the dental fear based on the general characteristics, major and personality type of the 400 girl students in university in Ulsan. Methods : Subjects were 400 girl students in university in Ulsan from November 2012 to March 2013. Data were collected by questionnaire and dental checkup and analyzed using SPSS 20.0 version. Results : Neuroticism was closely related to dental clinic visit. Those who did not visit dental clinics tended to have low score of neuroticism. Conclusions : To reduce dental fear in girl students, it is necessary to make them visit dental clinics frequently and promote the preventive dental care effectively.