• Journal of Korean Medical Ki-Gong Academy
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.134-145
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• 2004

Qi. in ancient east Asian Philosophy and medicine, was the quintessential concept symbolizing material orgin of the world. It was considered as the original matter of the world, and the genesis, development and extinction of everything in heaven and earth was explained through the movement of Qi. Despite its importance, the interpretation of Qi has brought about various bifurcations in the history of Oriental medicine. It is comprehended either as ideal concept, or as actual entity. Also, there exists synthetic idea of considering both sides of Qi. These ideas results from obscure understanding based on textual interpretation apart from actual experince. When experincing Qi through discipline, however, man can understand Qi concretly and actually and even grasp the explanation of the cosmos and life. One problem of Qi discipline was that it couldn't ascend the stage of subjective experience. Now, with the method of 'Hanalmomjit'. a developed form of zifadonggong(自發動功), I could reach coherent results to offer the foundation of objective understanding of Qi. The testees, disciples of Hanalmomjit, could express the characters of herbs in their Qigong actions, and the expression was meaningful and coherent to be considered as expressing the effects described in the classics of herbalogy. This result comes from the capacity of grasping external Qi-status, not only expressing the internal communication of jingluo(經絡) in Hanalmomjit.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Pharmacy
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.57-64
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• 2018

Background: Patients experience significant differences in aspects of mortality, quality of life, and costs between during the year of receiving liver transplant (LT) and the subsequent years (post-LT). This study aimed to estimate the medical utilization and cost of LT for patients compared to post-LT patients by using a recent National Patient Sample (NPS) data provided by the Korean Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service (HIRA). Methods: This study used a subset of the 2015 HIRA-NPS. Patient claims data that included Z944 (Korean Standard Classification of Diseases code for LT status) were selected. Within the selected data, LT patients were identified based on whether the national health insurance number code of Q80 (procedure code for LT surgery) was included, and they were compared to post-LT patients. Results: In the analysis, 330 patients were included. The average cost per patient was $90,066{\pm}36,959$ thousand KRW and $10,557{\pm}9,668$ thousand KRW for LT and post-LT patients, respectively. Especially, LT patients' costs for injection/procedure, surgery/treatment, and examination were higher than other costs, being $35,983{\pm}18,115$ thousand KRW, $28,246{\pm}9,408$ thousand KRW, and $12,131{\pm}6,604$ thousand KRW, respectively. For inpatients, the average number of hospitalized days was $63.5{\pm}66.0$ days for LT patients and $22.3{\pm}35.1$ days for post-LT patients. Conclusion: Compared to post-LT patients, LT patients had higher costs, especially for injection/procedure, surgery/treatment, and examination. Additionally, the LT group had longer hospitalization duration and higher costs for their hospital admission, whereas they did not show a significant difference in number of visits and medical costs for outpatient-care.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.728-741
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• 2015

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to explore and describe the experience of pursuing complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) in breast cancer patients. Methods: Ten women with breast cancer participated in the study. Data were collected through individual in-depth unstructured and individualized interviews with each participant from February to July, 2015. Theoretical sampling was used upto the point of theoretical saturation. Data were analyzed using Corbin & Strauss's grounded theory methodology. Results: Through open coding, 22 sub-categories, and 13 categories were identified. Analysis revealed that the core category was 'endless management of mind and body for healing', which consisted of four phases; exploring, applying, grasping, and integrating. Through this process, the participants utilized various action/interactional strategies such as 'dealing with information', 'trying out blindly', 'enduring volitionally', 'experiencing effects on mind and body,' and 'grasping one's own way.' The consequences of these strategies were integrating the habit of health remedy into one's life, becoming a main agent for change, and tolerating one's weak body. Conclusion: In-depth understanding of the CAM pursuing experiences of patients with breast cancer would guide clinical nurses and policy makers to develop effective interventions and policies for better supporting them with regard to the usage of CAM.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.30 no.11
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• pp.1105-1110
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• 1997

Essential hyperhidrosis is a condition with excessive sweating, which may be localized in any part of the body Excessive sweating has a strong negative impact on the qual ty of life for many persons. From June 1992 to May 1996, 211 cases of thoracoscopic thoracic sympathectomy were performed in the Department of Thoracic Surgery, Yongdong Severance Hospital, Seoul, Korea. Among the 211 cases, 192 patients had palmar hyperhidrosis, and 19 cases had facial hyperhidrosis. There were 121 males and 90 (tamales, and the ages ranged from 10 to 67 years(average: 24.82 years old). The average operation time and the average postoperative hospital stay were 91.94 minutes and 4.31 days, respectively. Perioperative courses were uneventful, and all the patients had immediate and complete relief of symptoms with mild compensatory sweating on the chest wall and the back. Even though a thoracoscopy has the possibility of emergency conversion to a thoracotomy and technical difficulties still exist, especially in patients with facial hyperhidrosis, our experience indicates that video-assisted thoracoscopic thoracic sympathectomy is a very safe and useful procedure for h perhidrosis.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.8-8
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• 2000

1. Background and Purpose : ${\ulcorner}Dong\;Eui\;Sa\;Sang\;Sin\;Pyun{\lrcorner}$is the one of widely used medical books in the Sasang Constitucional Medicine Academy, but there was not enough study of the author. Through the research of the ${\ulcorner}Won\;Ji-Sang{\lrcorner}$, the Author, We highly intent to utilize the book ${\ulcorner}Dong\;Eui\;Sa\;Sang\;Sin\;Pyun{\lrcorner}$. 2. Methods : We arranged Won Ji-Sang's life style with investigation of the Won Yong-Sa(Won Ji-Sang's daughter), Survivors's verbal evidence and related books. 3. Results and Conclusion : 1) Won Ji-Sang's Childhood Name was "Ill Sang", Pseudonym was "Duck Pil", Pen Name was "Sung Am". He was born in "Bong Yang Myune, Je Chon Gune, Chung Buk" at 1885's June 1st of the lunar calendar and moved to "Yeo Ju Gune, Kyung Gi Do" at 1910's, and passed away in "Nae Sa Ree, Whung Chun Myune, Yeo Ju Gune, Kyung Gi Do" at 1962's June 2'nd of the lunar calender, when he was 78s. 2) The outline of philosophy of Won Ji-Sang's was based of "Wha Seo Doctrinal Faction's ideology", which was connected with Kim Pyong-Muk, Yu Jung-Kyo, Lee Gun-Won, Rue Rin-Suk. 3) ${\ulcorner}Dong\;Eui\;Sa\;Sang\;Sin\;Pyun{\lrcorner}$ was published in 1929's when Won Ji-Sang was 45s. However, we couldn't find out how Won Ji-Sang got to know Sasang Constitutional Medicine, and whether or not he had relation with Dong Mu Lee Je-Ma. 4) Won Ji-Sang's medical experience might be started before he was 45, and real medical treatment began when he was 66.

• The Journal of Korean Medical History
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.11-22
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• 2017

This paper is a study on the life and clinical reasoning of Kim Goo Young (1958-2014). Offering a new perspective through his interpretation of Donguibogam (東醫寶鑑), Kim introduced his unique theory of Korean medicine, 'The Theory of Byeongin (病因論)'. Kim recognized the confusing situation of communication between people studying Korean medicine and tried to make a new standard based on the principle that many people can share. 'The Theory of Byeongin' offers a newly constituted "Donguibogam" focusing on 'Byeongin' (病因, pathologic origin) which can be translated as the cause of a disease. In so doing Kim recognized 'Byeongin' as the most important factor in 'Byeonjeung' (辨證, classifying the origin), or the classification method of symptoms. In addition, Kim recognized how 'Byeongin' was considered to be a diseased lifestyle, and tried interpreting. The patient's lifestyle to treat diseases. As a result, 'The Theory of Byeongin' is a theory consisting of an intuitive structure, reducing notable elements like Yin Yang Five Movement theory. The theory's significant characteristic is its easy application in clinical settings due the established core principles which are based on Kim's insight and clinical experience. This study contributes to the understanding of the theoretical and clinical development of Korean medicine through deeper studies on 'The Theory of Byeongin' and Kim's medical theory.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.16 no.12
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• pp.61-69
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• 2018

This study aims to understand and to infer the implications from the career preparation experiences of low-income university students in the context of high youth unemployment rate and the polarization of the social classes. For this purpose, we selected 13 university students who received scholarship from the S scholarship foundation and conducted analysis using text mining techniques based on the six-time interviews. According to the results, university students seem to be influenced by home environment and income level when recalling previous academic experience or designing career during the interview process. Also, these differences were found to have different characteristics according to gender and major. This study is meaningful in that the qualitative research data is analyzed by applying the text mining technique in a convergent way. As a result, the college life and career preparation of low-income university students were explored through the frequency and relation of words.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.145-153
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• 2022

Purpose : This study aimed to investigate the effects of blended learning on learning satisfaction in nursing students. Methods : This study was conducted with 160 current nursing students in the department of nursing at K university located in city B. All students included in the study understood the purpose of the study and provided informed consent to participate. Data were collected between May 3 and July 9, 2021 and analyzed using SPSS/WIN 22.0. The frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation were created, and t-test, ANOVA, and Scheffé test for post hoc analysis were performed. Correlations were analyzed using Pearson's correlation coefficient. The factors influencing learning satisfaction were analyzed using multiple regression. Results : Significant differences were observed for academic stress according to the online classes environmental satisfaction (F=4.10, p=.001), online classes experience (t=4.11, p=.001) and self-directed learning ability according to the grade (F=4.10, p=.001), online classes environmental satisfaction (t=4.11, p=.001). The academic stress of nursing students who experienced blended learning was significantly negatively correlated with self-directed learning ability (r=-.480, p<.001), and learning satisfaction (r=-.236, p<.001). self-directed learning ability showed a significant positive correlation with learning satisfaction (r=.524, p<.001). The regression model for the factors affecting the learning satisfaction of the subjects was statistically significant (F= 3.027, p<.001). The major influential factors of learning satisfaction were grade (𝛽=.154, p=.013), satisfaction with school life (𝛽=.168, p=.032), and satisfaction with non-contact learning environment (𝛽=-.141, p=.028). The explanatory power was 28 %. Conclusion : These results indicate that it is necessary to reduce academic stress and increase self-directed learning ability to enhance learning satisfaction in nursing students through blended learning. In addition, the development and operation of a tailored intervention program is required to help improve learning satisfaction.

• Journal of Industrial Convergence
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.43-51
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is to provide basic information necessary for the establishment of mobile service marketing strategies, educational service development, and engineering education for Generation Z by analyzing the utilitization of various applications by Gen Z. To this end, 177 essays on mobile service usage experience were collected, major topics were analyzed using topic modeling, and these were visualized through word cloud analysis. As a result of the study, the main topics were related to 'transportation' such as movement and public transportation, 'personal management' such as schedule management, financial management, food management, 'transaction' such as checkout, meeting, purchase, 'leisure' such as eating out, travel, study, culture. Additionally, words such as time, thought, people, life, bus, information, confirmation, payment, KakaoTalk, and so on were found to have a high of frequency of use. Also, there was found to be a difference between topics by college. This study is meaningful in that it collected essays, which are unstructured data, and analyzed them through topic modeling.

• Journal of Practical Agriculture & Fisheries Research
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.63-77
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• 2009

The decrease in the farming rates of agricultural produce importing countries has led to concerns over stable food supply and food safety and this situation demands a change in awareness on agricultural problems arising from the depletion of natural resources and environmental destruction. To preserve agriculture, importing countries are emphasizing the various roles of agriculture in order to revive its multi-functional aspects. It is obvious that differentiated strategies are needed to create values from agricultural production, and a liberal arts education can play an important role in making these strategies. However, training programs for future agricultural CEOs of the Korea National Agricultural College(KNAC) attaches too much importance on production skill and management rather than focusing on a liberal arts education. On the other hand, Poolmoo Ecological Agriculture Course carried out by Poolmoo Agriculture Technical High School located in Hongseong-Gun, Chungnam Province (which puts a high value on ecological fanning) gives more weight on a liberal arts education, taking up more than 50% of the curriculum. Also, the National Farmers Academy in Japan which reformed its whole system in 2008, has started various liberal arts educational programs. The Academy fosters creative agricultural management, attractive rural development enhancing a comfortable rural life and educates on the future of Japanese food and international environment. It is expected that the ecological and cultural roles of farming will grow in the future. So, what the KNAC needs is to increase its liberal arts educational programs and various cultural experiences in its educational curriculum to promote agricultural marketing with cultural knowledge and sensitivity.