• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2002년도 추계학술대회 논문집 전기물성,응용부문
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• pp.137-140
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• 2002

The algorithm for calculating the base-collector breakdown voltage of NPN BJT(Bipolar Junction Transistor) for integrated circuits is proposed. The method for calculating the electric field using the solution of Poisson's equation is presented and the method for calculating the breakdown voltage using the integration of ionization coefficients is presented. The base-collector breakdown voltage of NPN BJT using 20V process obtained from the proposed method shows an averaged relative error of 8.0% compared with the measured data.

• 한국태양에너지학회 논문집
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.67-72
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• 2002

Solar Air Systems (SAS) have unique advantages for space heating and tempering ventilation air. Air, unlike water, needs no protection against freezing nor are leaks damaging to the building structure or its contents. In contrast to glazed collector, unglazed steel solar collector may have higher efficiencies over glazed flat collector due to the absence of the glass. Therefore, the monitoring of SAS is so important to evaluate actual performance of SAS for right applications. This study is to provide a testing method with a movable test cell developed in KIER to evaluate the thermal performance of SAS based on international standard method ASHRAE 93-86, "Method of Testing to Determine the Thermal Performance of Solar Collectors". The monitoring tool used advanced technique LabVIEW 6i with portable notebook computer. Sample results have been obtained to access the performance of a reference and a target SAS module. The process and tool introduced here could be used to provide a performance verification data for future implementation study applications.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제27권10호
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• pp.831-844
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• 2018

Riverbank Filtration (RBF) is a kind of indirect artificial recharge method and is useful in obtaining higher-quality source water than surface water when procuring municipal water. This study evaluated optimal riverbank filtered water and the productivity of the radial collector wells on Ttansum Island in the area downstream of the Nakdong River, where Gimhae City is constructing a municipal water plant for the purpose of acquiring high-quality water. The RBF wells are planned to provide water to the citizens of Gimhae City through municipal water works. Groundwater flow modeling was performed with the following four scenarios: (a) 9 radial collector wells, (b) 10 radial collector wells, (c) 10 radial collector wells and two additional vertical wells, and (d) 12 radial collector wells. This study can be useful in determineing the optimum production rate of bank filtrated water not only in this study area but also in other places in Korea.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.1-12
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• 2010

Well production by a riverbank filtration facility with multi-radial collector well systems in Jeungsan-ri, Changnyeong gun, Korea was evaluated. In this study, the drawdown at collector wells due to pumping and groundwater inflow rates along the horizontal arms of the collector wells were computed through numerical simulations. Sensitivities of the well production to hydraulic conductivity and well flow coefficient, which represents the resistance to the flow from the aquifer to the horizontal arms, were analyzed. Simulation results showed that, with given proposed pumping rate conditions, the drawdown in the caisson exceeded maximum drawdown constraints in the study site and the adjustment of the pumping rate at each well is needed. The drawdown is affected by the hydraulic conductivity of the main aquifer and the well flow coefficient, which means the profound field investigation of the study site is needed to accurately estimate the efficiency of riverbank filtration through radial collector wells.

• 대한설비공학회지:설비저널
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• 제17권6호
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• pp.696-707
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• 1988

This study simulates a typical solar system using the transient simulation program TRNSYS, and calculates the maximum cooling load of the model room of $50m^2$. In this study, energy rate control method is used in calculating a maximum cooling load. On the ground of the maximum cooling load of the model room, the variables that have an effect on the solar collection performance of the solar system are made a selection. Also in this study the trend of the solar collection performance is shown as the variables change. The results show that the variables which have an effect on the collection performance are collector area, collector mass flow rate, collector slope and the volume of storage tank, and the optimal value of Ac/Vt is not constant but varies as the collector area and the collector mass flow rate. Also the results show that for cooling system the optimal value of the collector slope is latitude minus $15^{\circ}$ during the seasonal operations, and twenty percent of the maximum cooling load is saved with the aid of the solar energy.

• 한국태양에너지학회 논문집
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• 제34권5호
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• pp.65-72
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• 2014

In this paper, the water-based Ag nanofluids are synthesized by the chemical reduction method and their extinction coefficients are measured by an in-house developed measurement device. The Ag nanofluids are manufactured by the chemical reduction method with the mixing of silver nitrate ($AgNO_3$) and sodium borohydride ($NaBH_4$) in an aqueous solution of polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP). The extinction coefficients of Ag nanofluids are measured by means of the in-house developed apparatus at a wavelength of 632.8nm according to the particle volume fractions. The results show that the extinction coefficient of water-based Ag nanofluids increases with the increase of nanoparticle concentrations. Finally, the temperature field and efficiency of direct absorption solar collector (DASC) are analytically estimated based on the measured extinction coefficient of water-based Ag nanofluids. The results indicate that the direct absorption solar collectors using nanofluids have the feasibility to improve the efficiency of conventional flat-plate solar collectors without using an absorber plate.

• 정보처리학회논문지A
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• 제9A권4호
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• pp.441-450
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• 2002

내장형 시스템 소프트웨어의 규모가 커지고 복잡해짐에 따라 동적 메모리 사용이많아지고, 자동화된 동적 메모리 관리를 수행할 수 있는 쓰레기 수집기의 사용이 보편화 되어가고 있다. 그러나, 쓰레기수집기의 실행 시 오버헤드로 인하여 발생되는 시스템의 성능저하 문제는 피할 수 없게된다. 본 논문에서는 쓰레기 수집기 사용하는 자바기반의 내장형 시스템에서 실행시간에 쓰레기수집기로 인한 오버헤드를 줄이기 위한 방안으로 프로그래머가 명시적으로 동적 메모리를 자유화할 수 있는 기법을 소개한다. 제안된 기법은 최상의 경우쓰레기수집기가 한 번도 수행되지 않은 채 어플리케이션의 수행이 가능하므로 기존의 쓰레기수집기로 인한 오버헤드가 전혀 발생되지 않을 수 있다. 반면, 최악의 경우 어떤 쓰레기 객체가 명시적으로 수거되지 않더라도 그것은 추후 쓰레기 수집기에 의해 수거될 수 있기 때문에 쓰레기 수집기를 사용하는 경우와 동일한 오버헤드를 가진다. 제안된 기법은 기존의 모든 쓰레기 수집 알고리즘에 사용될 수 있지만 성능평가 결과 마크-수거 알고리즘에 잘 적용됨을 보여 주었다.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국신재생에너지학회 2010년도 추계학술대회 초록집
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• pp.65.1-65.1
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• 2010

Thermal performance tests of solar thermal collectors include determination of coefficient parameters in an efficiency equation. The parameters can be estimated using regression method to minimize an objective function as sum of differences between measured efficiency data and regressed efficiency equation. However, this conventional approach doesn't consider measurement uncertainties. In this presentation, a method to determine regression parameters in the efficiency equation and uncertainties of the parameters is described with mainly mathematical expressions based on literature reviews. In the method, parameters in the equation for collector efficiency can be determined using regression analysis with a weighting factor in the objective function. The weighting factor can be uncertainties of the differences between measured and fitted efficiencies. To evaluate the approach, performance estimation of a solar collector using the efficiency equation with uncertainties is compared to the result using the conventional efficiency equation by a simulated way for a case in one of previous studies.

• 전자공학회논문지D
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• 제36D권3호
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• pp.66-74
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• 1999

HMC(Hybrid Monte Carlo)시뮬레이션을 이용하여 InAlGaAs/InGaAs HBT의 비평형 고속전송을 해석하였고, 전송시간 및 차단주파수를 향상시키기 위하여 에미터-베이터 이종접합과 콜렉터 구조를 최적 설계 하였다. 시뮬레이션 결과, 에미터 조성경사영역에서 Al 몰비를 xf=1.0에서 xf=0.5로 변화시킬 경우 베이스 전송시간이τb=0.21ps로 가장 짧았다. 콜렉터 전송시간을 단축시킬 목적으로 콜렉터와 베이스 사이에 n\sup +\형 (콜렉터-Ⅰ), I형(콜렉터-Ⅱ), p형(콜렉터-Ⅲ), 콜렉터를 삽입하여 베이스-콜렉터 공간전하영역의 전계분포를 전자의 비평형고속전송을 유지하도록 설계하였다. 콜렉터-Ⅲ 구조에서는 전자의 음이온화된 억셉터가 콜렉터의 전계를 감소시킴으로써 전자가 Γ 밸리에서 먼 거리까지 전송을 가능하게 하여 가장 짧은 콜렉터 전송시간을 나타내었다. 결론적으로 가장 짧은 전송시간 τec는 Al 몰비가 xf=0.5인 에미터 구조와 콜렉터-Ⅲ에서 0.87psec이었고, 차단주파수 ft=183GHz를 나타내었다.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.111-118
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• 1982

밀폐식(密閉式)물 교환태양(交換太陽) 열집열건조장치(熱集熱乾燥裝置)를 이용(利用)하여 홍삼(紅蔘)을 건조(乾燥)할때의 집열효율(集熱?率), 건조효율(乾燥?率). 건조특성(乾燥特性) 및 제품(製品)의 품질(品質)을 각각(各各) 조사(調査)하였다. 건조기간(乾燥期間)은 태양열집열장치(太陽熱集熱裝置)를 이용(利用)한 것이 관행법(慣行法)보다 3분(分)의 1정도(程度)를 더 단축(短縮)할 수 있었다. 건조기간중집열기(乾燥期間中集熱機)의 최대효율(最大?率)은 14.42% 최저효율(最低?率)은 4.73%였고 건조효율(乾燥?率)은 집열장치(集熱裝置)를 이용(利用)한 것이 28.34%, 대조구(對照區)가 13.45%로서 순수건조효율(純粹乾燥?率)은 14.89%이었다. 홍삼(紅蔘)의 건조율곡석(乾燥率曲線)은 감율건조기(減率乾燥期)만을 나타내었으며, 이때의 식(式)은 $Y=50.7023t^{-0.4138}$이었다. 건조홍삼(乾燥紅蔘)의 색도(色度)는 관행법(慣行法)과 비교(比較)하여 더 높았으며, diphenyl picryl hydrazyl 환원능(還元能)도 같은 경향(傾向)을 보였다.