• Title/Summary/Keyword: Collagen type IV

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Chondrogenic Differentiation of Porcine Skin-Derived Stem Cells with Different Characteristics of Spontaneous Adipocyte Formation

  • Bae, Hyo-Kyung;Jung, Bae-Dong;Lee, Seunghyung;Park, Choon-Keun;Yang, Boo-Keun;Cheong, Hee-Tae
    • Journal of Embryo Transfer
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    • v.32 no.3
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    • pp.193-200
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    • 2017
  • The purpose of this study is to confirm whether spontaneous adipocyte generation during chondrogenic induction culture affects the chondrogenic differentiation of porcine skin-derived stem cells (pSSCs). For this purpose, chondrogenic differentiation characteristics and specific marker gene expression were analyzed using cell lines showing different characteristics of spontaneous adipocyte formation. Of the four different lines of pSSCs, the pSSCs-IV line showed higher Oil red O (ORO) and glycosaminoglycan (GAG) extraction levels. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) analysis revealed that the levels of adipogenic markers peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma 2 ($PPAR{\gamma}2$) and adipocyte Protein 2 (aP2) mRNAs were significantly higher in pSSCs-IV than those of the other pSSC lines (P<0.05). Among three chondrogenic markers, collagen type II (Col II) and sex determining region Y-box (Sox9) mRNAs were strongly expressed in pSSCs-IV (P<0.05), but not in aggrecan (Agg), which was significantly higher in pSSCs-II (P<0.05). These results demonstrate that the spontaneous adipocyte generation during chondrogenic differentiation has a positive effect on the chondrogenesis of pSSCs. More research is needed on the correlation between adipocyte generation and cartilage formation.

Relationship Between Vascularity and Other Remodeling Parameters in Asthmatic Airway (기관지천식환자에서 기도내 혈관분포정도(vascularity) 및 다른 기도 재구성 소견과의 연관성)

  • Kim, Seung Joon;Lee, Sook Young;Kim, Myoung Sook;Lo, Dae Keun;Kwon, Soon Seog;Kim, Young Kyoon;Kim, Kwan Hyoung;Moon, Hwa Sik;Song, Jeong Sup;Park, Sung Hak
    • Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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    • v.54 no.2
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    • pp.191-198
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    • 2003
  • Background : The pathological features in asthmatic airway remodeling are diverse. The aim of this study was to examine the degree of airway vascularity in relation to the other remodeling parameters in asthmatics. Methods : Bronchial biopsies were done in 34 asthmatic patients, and 6 control subjects. The basement membrane thickness and the subepithelial thickness were measured in the hematoxylin-eosin stained tissue, and the degree of vascularity was measured using type IV collagen immunostaining. Results : 1) Compared to the control subjects, the asthmatics showed a significant increase in the basement membrane thickness ($6.92{\pm}2.01{\mu}m$ vs $9.67{\pm}2.84{\mu}m$, p<0.05) and the subepithelial thickness ($44.49{\pm}31.92{\mu}m$ vs $121.22{\pm}72.79{\mu}m$, p<0.05). 2) Compared to the control subjects, the asthmatics showed a significant increase in the vascular area per unit submucosal area ($4.51{\pm}2.13%$ vs $10.32{\pm}6.08%$, p<0.05). In addition, the number of vessels per unit submucosal area showed an increased tendency without statistical significance. 3) In the asthmatics, the number of vessels and the vascular area per unit submucosal area showed no correlation with the basement membrane thickness, the subepithelial thickness, the severity, the forced expiratory volume in 1 second($FEV_1$), and the methacholine provocative concentration 20($PC_{20}$). Conclusion : This study showed that vascularity was an important parameter in asthmatic airway remodeling but it was not related to the other remodeling parameters such as the basement membrane thickness and the subepithelial thickness. Each of these asthmatic remodeling parameters may have a different clinical significance. Therefore, further studies will be needed.

Impact of Low Versus Conventional Doses of Chemotherapy During Transcatheter Arterial Chemo-embolization on Serum Fibrosis Indicators and Survival of Liver Cancer Patients

  • Kong, Wei-Dong;Cao, Jian-Ming;Xu, Jian;Chen, Bo;Yang, Tao;Xu, Tan-Tan;Lu, Guang-Ming;Li, Jun;Huang, Xin-En
    • Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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    • v.13 no.9
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    • pp.4757-4761
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    • 2012
  • Objectives: To explore the impact of low- vs conventional-dose chemotherapy via transcatheter arterial chemo-embolization (TACE) on serum fibrosis indicators and treatment efficacy of hepatocellular cancer patients (HCC). Materials and Methods: Patients fulfilling the eligibility criteria were assigned to TACE in Group A (with low-dose chemotherapy) or Group B (conventional-dose chemotherapy). Four serum fibrosis related indicators, hyaluronic acid(HA), human pro-collagen type-III (hPC-III), laminin (LN), and collagen type-IV(IV-C) before TACE were compared with the values 7 days after TACE. The response rate and survival time were also compared between the two groups. Results: Fifty patients with HCC were enrolled in this study, including 25 in Group A and 25 in Group B. No significant differences were detected between the two groups in the four indicators before TACE. After TACE, the value of the four serum indicators increased significantly in Group B. However, no significant differences regarding these four indicators were found in Group A after TACE. Significant differences were demonstrated between the two groups after TACE, but median survival time and 1 or 2 year overall survival rates did not differ (P>0.05). Conclusions: Low-, compared with conventional-dose chemotherapy exerts the same impact on the variation of fibrosis related indicators and has no influence on median survival time and survival rate after TACE in HCC patients.

The Effects of Rehmannia on Nephrectomy-induced Chronic Renal Failure Rats (생지황(生地黃)이 신절제술로 유도된 만성신부전 Rat에 미치는 영향(影響))

  • Choe, Jong-Bae;Kim, Young-Seong;Han, Yang-Hee
    • The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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    • v.29 no.4
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    • pp.1100-1114
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    • 2008
  • The aim of the study was to investigate recovery effects of Rehmannia, which has been used clinically for chronic renal failure therapy. Mice had 5/6 nephrectomy to induce chronic renal failure. The results were as follows: 1. The protein amount in urine per 24hrs of the Rehmannia-treated group was significantly reduced compared to the control. 2. The albumin amount in the blood of the Rehmannia-treated group significantly increased compared to the control. The creatinine. total-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol and triglyceride levels in serum of the Rehmannia-treated group as compared to the control were significantly inhibited. 3. The structural change in kidney of the Rehrnannia-treated group was significantly inhibited compared to the control. 4. The factor (macrophage/monocyte antigen (ED-1), type IV collagen and angiotensin II type 1 ($AT_1$) receptor) of the Rehmanala-treated group was significantly inhibited compared to the control, which induced the structural change in kidneys. The above results suggest that Rehmannia partially improved kidney function.

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Comparison of Bone Scan Findings with Collagenase Activities in Patients with Breast Cancer (유방암 환자에서 종양조직내 Collagenase 활성도와 골스캔과의 비교)

  • Kim, Hyun-Jeong;Kim, Chang-Guhn;Kim, Seon-Gu;Lim, Hyung-Guhn;Choi, See-Sung;Roh, Byung-Suk
    • The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
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    • v.30 no.3
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    • pp.332-337
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    • 1996
  • Purpose : It has been known that the activity of extracellular matrix degradative enzymes such as collagenase correlate well with the metastatic potential of various tumor cells in experimental study. This study was aimed at comparing the activities of type IV collagenase with bone scan findings in patients with breast cancer. Materials and Methods : We retrospectively correlated bone scan findings with the results of immunohistochemical staining for 92kDa, 72kDa type IV collagenase in 28, and 30 patients with metastatic breast cancer, respectively, as well as 23, and 27 patients with primary breast cancer, respectively. The immunohistochemical staining was performed with tissue specimens obtained from primary or metastatic breast tumor lesions. The amounts of the enzyme were graded from 0 to 4 and scored by multiplication with the percentage of tumor cells. The confidence of bone scan interpretation for metastasis was also scored from 1 to 5 with increasing probability. Results : There was a significant difference in enzyme scores between patients with and without metastasis. In patients with primary breast cancer group, the frequency of patients with enzyme score of less than 170 were 96%(26/27) and 100%(26/26) with 92kDa and 72kDa collagenase, respectively. In contrast, in patients with metastatic breast cancer group, the frequency of patients with enzyme score of more than 200 were 93%(28/30) and 87%(26/30) with 92kDa and 72kDa collagenase, respectively. All patients with each enzyme score of less than 170 show no active bony metastasis, however, there were variable bone scan findings in patients with each enzyme score of more than 200. Conclusion : Bone scan is useful to confirm, localize or follow up of bony metastasis in patients with each enzyme scores of more than 200. Acitve metastatic lesions were hardly seen on the bone scintigraphy in patients with collagenase scores of less than 170.

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The Classification of Aging Lower Eyelid and Selection of the Operation Options in Asians (동양인에서의 노인성 하안검의 유형별 분류 및 수술법의 선택)

  • Kwon, Soon Geun;Park, Jun;Yang, Won Yong;You, Young Cheun;Kang, Sang Yun
    • Archives of Plastic Surgery
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    • v.35 no.5
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    • pp.581-588
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    • 2008
  • Purpose: It is generally accepted that anatomical structures of the soft tissue in Asian faces are quite different from those in Caucasian. It is presumed that these differences are due to collagen rich thick dermis and durable superficial musculo-apponeurotic system (SMAS) in Asian. We classified the aging lower eyelids and reviewed the operative procedures according to the types of aging lower eyelids in Asian. Methods: We compared preoperative and postoperative photos of 117 patients over 30 years of age, who underwent lower blepharoplasty at the Kyunghee Medical Center from January 2001 to April 2006. We classified the patients based on the degree of skin laxity, presence of nasojugal groove and malar bag, the extent of aging process. We also reviewed the operative procedures according to each type of classification. Results: We classified our patients into four types as following. Type I patients showed minimal skin-muscle excess confined to lower eyelids regardless of the facial line. For these patients, we performed only transcutaneous or transconjunctival blepharoplasty. In type II patients, nasojugal grooves were shown and skin- muscle laxity was limited to the medial side of imaginary vertical line at lateral margin of pupil. In these cases, we performed free fat graft or fat repositioning on nasojugal groove or fat removal and septal duplication confined to medial side. Type III patients displayed more advanced medial bulging and remarkable laxity over the lateral side, the same operation methods as those of type II were applied at the lateral side of the line. Type IV patients demonstrated extensive midfacial aging changes including malar bags and underwent superficial subciliary cheek lift. Conclusion: The lower eyelid aging of Asian is different from those of Caucasian. We think that our classification is useful in selection of appropriate operative procedure to address specific problems for Asian patients.

Effects of Conjugated Linoleic Acid (CLA) on Matrix Metalloproteinase (MMP) Activity and Cell Motility in Human Colon Cancer Cell Lines (Conjugated Linoleic Acid (CLA)가 인체 대장암 세포주에서 Matrix Metalloproteinase (MMP) 활성과 세포이동성에 미치는 영향)

  • 설소미;방명희;최옥숙;윤정한;김우경
    • Journal of Nutrition and Health
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    • v.36 no.3
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    • pp.280-286
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    • 2003
  • Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) consists of several geometric isomers of linoleic acid. CLA is found in foods derived from ruminants and exhibits strong anticarcinogenic effects in a variety of animal models. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) play a key role in cancer progression. Specifically, MMP-2 and -9, which hydrolyze the basal membrane type IV collagen, are involved in the initial breakdown of collagen and basement membrane components during tumor growth and invasion. However, the effects of CLA on cancer cell motility and MMP expression and activity are not currently well known. Therefore, the present study examined whether CLA reduces the activity of MMP and cell motility in SW480 and SW620 cells, the human colon cancer cell lines. Gelatin zymography and Western blot analysis revealed that phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) induced the activity and protein expression of Mr 92,000 MMP-9 in both cell lines. To examine whether CLA inhibits the MMP activity, cells were incubated with 100 ngfmL PMA in the presence of various concentrations of CLA. PMA-induced MMP-9 activity was decreased by 20 $\mu$ M CLA in SW480 cells, and by 10 $\mu$ M and 20 $\mu$ M CLA in SW620 cells. Results from the Hoyden chamber assay showed that cell motility was increased by PMA and that PMA-induced cell motility was significantly decreased by 20 $\mu$ M CLA in SW480 cells. These results indicate that CLA may reduce the motility and MMP activity in human colon cancer cells.

Effects of Kangwhal-Sokdantang Extract on Osteoblast Function (강활속단탕(羌活續斷湯)이 골세포(骨細胞) 기능(機能)에 미치는 영향(影響))

  • Lee Taek-Jun;Hong Ji-Woo;Choi Hyun-Ju;Gil In-Ho;Jeong Sun-Chung;Hwang Gui-Seo;Lee Ki-Nam
    • Journal of Society of Preventive Korean Medicine
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    • v.8 no.2
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    • pp.13-30
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    • 2004
  • This study was performed to evaluate the effect of Kangwhal-Sokdan tang(KS) on osteoblast function and gene expression. The osteoblast separated from the murine calvariae and MG-63 cell were cultivated to evaluate the cell function and gene expression. The results were summarized as followes. 1) KS increased cell proliferation of murine calvarial cell. 2) KS increased protein synthesis, collagen synthesis and ALP activity of murine calvarial cell. 3) KS increased the survival rate of murine calvarial cell. 4) KS increased the expression of calcitonin receptor and PTH receptor. 5) KS increased the expression of PKA and PKC. 6) KS decreased the expression of $PLA_2$, COX, $PGE_2$ synthase, but increased prostacyclin synthase. 7) KS increased the expression of collagen(type IV) gene. It is concluded that KS might improve the osteoporosis resulted from augumentation of osteoblast proliferation and gene expression.

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Bone Regeneration Using Block-type Deproteinized Porcine Bone Mineral with Collagen Membrane Using 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylalanine as Bone Adhesive

  • Kang, Joo Hyun;Pae, Hyoung-Chul;Cha, Jae-Kook;Lee, Jung-Seok;Paik, Jeong-Won;Jung, Ui-Won;Choi, Seong-Ho
    • Journal of Korean Dental Science
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    • v.11 no.2
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    • pp.43-56
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    • 2018
  • Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess the adhesiveness and cytotoxicity of 3, 4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA), and to evaluate the role of collagen membrane with DOPA in the guided bone regeneration. Materials and Methods: Peel resistance and cell cytotoxicity test were performed. Four defect types in nine rabbit calvaria were randomly allocated: i) control, ii) membrane, iii) deproteinized porcine bone mineral (DPBM) covered by membrane with DOPA, and iv) DPBM covered by membrane with cyanoacrylate. Animals were sacrificed at 2 (n=4) and 8 weeks (n=5) for microcomputed tomography and histomorphometric analysis. DOPA showed low peel resistance but high cell viability. Result: Cyanoacrylate and DOPA groups showed significantly higher mineralized tissue volume (MTV) compared to control and membrane groups at 2 weeks (P<0.05). At 8 weeks, DOPA group showed the highest MTV. Significantly higher new bone area was found in DOPA group at 8 weeks (P<0.05). Bone formation increased from 2 to 8 weeks in DOPA group (P<0.05). Conclusion: DOPA showed high cell viability and in vivo study revealed predictable performance in bone regeneration.

Effect of Extracellular Matrix on the Growth Behavior of Corneal Endothelial Cells to Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) Film (각막 내피세포 성장 거동에 대한 락타이드 글리콜라이드 공중합체 필름과 세포외 기질의 효과)

  • Kim, Eun Young;Kim, Hye Min;Song, Jeong Eun;Lee, Hyun Soo;Joo, Choun-Ki;Khang, Gilson
    • Polymer(Korea)
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    • v.38 no.6
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    • pp.702-707
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    • 2014
  • Corneal endothelium is mono-inner cell layer of cornea and lay on Descmet's membrane which comprised of various proteins called extracellular matrix such as fibronectin, collagen, laminin, and proteoglycan, etc. In this study, we fabricated transparent poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) film because PLGA is widely used for tissue engineering based on their properties. We investigated the behaviors of rabbit corneal endothelial cells (rCEnCs) on PLGA film surfaces coated with various cell-adhesive molecules like fibronectin, laminin, collagen type I and IV and FNC coating mix. The morphologic images, proliferation and adhesion assay, immunofluorescence for ZO-1 and $Na^+/K^+-ATPase$ and RT-PCR for expression of specific markers were conducted. These results showed that PLGA film plays a role as CEnC carriers in vitro and the cell-adhesive molecules give positive effects on the behaviors of rCEnC.