• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.36-40
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• 2008

We analyzed the nucleotide sequences of about 500 bp of the mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase subunit 3 (ND3) gene to estimate the genetic variation of Korean masu salmon (Oncorhynchus masou) populations. DNA samples were collected from 104 river-only specimens and 52 anadromous specimens from three hatcheries and one river. There are no records of artificial release into the river. We amplified the ND3 gene by polymerase chain reaction, targeting areas that included parts of the cytochrome oxidase III gene and the NADH dehydrogenase subunit 4L gene, and defined 14 haplotypes based on 12 variable nucleotide sites in the examined region. Among the haplotypes, ten were specific to river-only specimens within hatchery populations. Haplotype diversity of river-only populations in hatcheries was higher than that of anadromous and wild populations. Pairwise population $F_{ST}$ estimates and neighbor-joining tree analyses inferred that anadromous and river-only populations were distinct. These results suggest that sequence polymorphism in the ND3 region may be a useful marker for analyzing the genetic variation and population structure of masu salmon.

• 한국재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국재료학회 2011년도 춘계학술발표대회
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• pp.7.1-7.1
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• 2011

Nanoporous templates have been widely used for the development of new functional nanostructured materials suitable for electronics, optics, magnetism, and energy storage materials. We have prepared nanoporous templates by using thin films of mixtures of polystyrene-block-poly (methyl methacrylate) (PS-b-PMMA) and PMMA homopolymers. These templates have cylindrical nanoholes spanning the entire thickness of the film. Some applications of nanoporous templates are introduced: a) anti-reflective coating, b) the preparation of conducting polymer nanowires of poly (pyrrole), poly (3,4-ethylenedioxy-thiopene) onto a glass coated with indium-tin-oxide, and c) the separation membranes for biomaterials. We found that when the pore fraction of nanoholes in the film was ~0.68, almost zero reflectance at a specific wavelength, which can be changed with film thickness, was achieved at visible wavelengths Furthermore, ultra high density array of conducting nanowires was successfully prepared onto various substrates including flexible polymer. Due to highly alignment of polymer chain along the nanowire direction, the conductivity was much increased. Furthermore, these nanoporous films were found to be very effective for the separation of human Rhinovirus type 14 (HRV 14), major pathogen of a common cold in humans, from the buffer solution. We also found that when the pore size was effectively controlled down to 6 nm, a single file diffusion was observed.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• 제46권3호
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• pp.604-609
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• 2008

본 연구에서는 세계보건기구의 기준을 만족시키기 위한 포장재 개발을 목적으로 백신 수송용 장방형 포장재 내부열 전달에 대한 모델링 및 시뮬레이션을 수행하고 이를 실험결과와 비교하였다. 장방형의 박스를 구형 박스로 전환하여 구상한 1차원 모델은 냉각공정의 경우에는 실험 결과와 비교적 잘 일치하는 결과를 보였으나, 가열공정에서는 실험결과와 상당한 차이를 보여주었다. 이는 가열공정을 계산할 때, 포장재 외부에서의 경계조건을 적절히 고려해주지 못한 결과로 사료된다. 그러나, 본 연구를 통하여 상전이 물질을 함유한 다층 벽을 통한 열 전달의 문제를 전산 모사할 수 있는 기본적인 알고리즘을 성공적으로 개발할 수 있었다.

• 한국응용약물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국응용약물학회 2003년도 Annual Meeting of KSAP : International Symposium on Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences on Obesity
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• pp.109-109
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• 2003

Taurine is present in a variety of tissue and exhibits many important physiological functions in many tissues. Although it is known that many tissues mediate taurine transport, its functions of taurine transport in bone have not been identified yet. In the present study, we investigated the expression of taurine transporter (TauT) and taurine uptake using mouse stromal ST2 cells and osteoblast-like MC3T3-El cells, which is bone related cells. Detection of TauT mRNA expression in these cells were performed by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The activity of TauT was assessed by measuring the uptake of ［$^3$H］taurine in the presence or absence of inhibitors. TauT mRNA was detected in these cells. ［$^3$H］Taurine uptake was dependent upon the presence of extracellular sodium, chloride and calcium ions, and inhibited by cold-taurine and ${\beta}$-alanine. These results suggest that taurine has biological functions in bone and some effect on the bone cells.

• 청정기술
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.325-330
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• 2017

This study presents the preparation of n-tetradecane-in-water emulsions with different weight ratios of n-tetradecane and water, and their potential application in packaging and shipping vaccines. The size and distribution of the n-tetradecane droplets are characterized using optical microscopy and light scattering methods, respectively. The thermal properties of the emulsions are determined using the T-history method. In the results, the emulsions, which are comprised of 17 ~ 30 wt% oil, 3 wt% surfactant, and 67 ~ 80 wt% water, are stable and have droplet sizes in the range of 100 to 800 nm. The thermal properties demonstrate that subcooling is prevented through increasing the droplet size. The results indicate that the n-tetradecane/water emulsions containing 25 ~ 35 wt% n-tetradecane, with a melting point of $2{\sim}8^{\circ}C$ and a latent heat of $227.0{\sim}250.8kJ\;kg^{-1}$, are good candidate materials for packaging and shipping vaccines.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.126-134
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• 2016

To examine the possibility of using Musa sapientum L. (Banana) leaf extract as a cosmetic raw material, banana leaves grown in Jeju Island were extracted with 70% ethanol. Polysaccharides present in banana leaf extract were discarded by precipitation with cold ethanol. Polysaccharide-discarded banana leaf extract promoted procollagen and COL1A1 gene expression, but inhibited matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-1 and MMP-2 gene expression in human skin fibroblasts when examined by real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The active compound in banana leaves was identified by fractionation with various solvents. The chloroform fraction showed the highest anti-wrinkle efficacy and the active compound of chloroform fraction was identified as corosolic acid by NMR, FT-IR, EA, and HPLC-MS. In addition, banana leaf extract showed anti-oxidative efficacy with an IC50 value of 67.91 ppm, as determined by DPPH free radical scavenging assay. Finally, the anti-wrinkle efficacy of banana leaf extract-containing cream was confirmed by clinical tests. Based on these results, banana leaves could have an application as a cosmetic raw material with anti-wrinkle efficacy.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.61-75
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• 1996

Apple is most favorable fruit in Korea, and apple farmland has been increased before and after the agreements of Uruguay Round and apple is considered as one of strategic agricultural products. Especially expansion of apple farmland is concentrated in Kyungpook region because of the suitable climate and its market share is about 70 percents in 1992. The marketing channels of apples of Kyungpook region are widely classified by merchant, agricultural or horticultural co-op and large scale farmer's. Among them market share of merchant's occupy over 65 percent. In marketing margins, commercial profit is higher than cost in total marketing margins and, assembler and retailer's margin is not less than wholesaler's. The fluctuation of the price of apple is high in year. The marketing problems of apples are several, first, complex marketing channels, secondly, the high percentage of market share by growing district assembler, thirdly, low rate of package and quality standardization, finally, concentration of shipment of apple because of the shortage of apple processing, storage and marketing facilities, of newly produced apples. In conclusion, to increase apple grower's income with the stabilization of supply and quality upgrade, the improvement measures of marketing system are as follows, first, government level's support in marketing facilities and mechanism, secondly, the increment of supply by grower's cooperatives, thirdly, the establishment of a serious of marketing system to increase the efficiency, fourthly, the establishment of cold-chain system and quality standardization of apple, finally, production of various kinds of apple processing goods.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제34권6호
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• pp.757-762
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• 2014

The object of this study was to investigate the difference in physical and sensory properties of various premium ice creams. The physical properties of the various ice creams were compared by manufacturing brand. The water contents of the samples differed, with BR having the highest value at 60.5%, followed by NT and CS at 57.8% and 56.9%, respectively. The higher the water content, the lower Brix and milk fat contents in all samples. The density of the samples showed almost similar values in all samples (p>0.05). The viscosity of each ice cream had no effect on the water content in any of the brands. Before melting of the ice cream, the total color difference was dependent on the lightness, especially in the vanilla ice cream, owing to the reflection of light on the surface of the ice crystals. The CS product melted the fastest. In the sensory test, CS obtained a significantly higher sweetness intensity score but a lower score for color intensity, probably due to the smaller difference in total color, by which consumers might consider the color of CS as less intense. From this study, the cold chain system for ice cream distribution might be important to decide the physical properties although the concentration of milk fat is key factor in premium ice cream.

• International Journal of Oral Biology
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.135-140
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• 2006

Temperature signaling can be initiated by members of transient receptor potential (thermo-TRP) channels. Hot and cold substances applied to teeth usually elicit pain sensation. Since odontoblasts constitute a well-defined layer between the pulp and the mineralized dentin, being first to encounter thermal stimulation from oral cavity, they may be involved in sensory transduction process, in addition to their primary function as formation of dentin. We investigated whether thermo-TRP channels are expressed in a odontoblast cell line, MDPC-23. The expressions of thermo-TRP channels were examined using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), immunohistochemistry, fluorometric calcium imaging. Analysis of RT-PCR revealed mRNA expression of TRPV1, TRPV2, TRPV4 and TRPM8, but no TRPV3, TRPA1. Immunohistochemical approach failed to detect TRPV1 expression. Whereas the application of 4-phorbol-12,13-didecanoate($10\;{\mu}M$, a TRPV4 agonist), menthol(1 mM, a TRPM8 agonist) and icilin($10\;{\mu}M$, a TRPM8 agonist) produced the enhancement of intracellular calcium concentration, capsaicin($1\;{\mu}M$, a TRPV1 agonist) did not. Our results suggest that subfamily of thermo-TRP channels expressed in odontoblasts may serve as thermal or mechanical transducer in teeth.

• 전기전자학회논문지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.159-163
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• 2019

최근 생활수준의 향상으로 외식문화가 발전하고 있고 온라인과 오프라인으로도 냉동식품의 택배수요가 날로 증가하고 있다. 현재 이러한 식품유통의 대부분은 냉동차량에 의해서 이루어지고 있다. 냉동차량에서 가장 중요한 요소 중에 하나는 정확히 온도를 측정하는 것이다. 기존의 상용 온도 기록 시스템은 일반적으로 온도 센서 모듈을 기록계에 직접 연결하는 형태이다. 이러한 기존의 방법은 전선을 사용하여 기록계에 온도 데이터를 전송하기 때문에 케이블의 길이에 따라 저항 오차를 보상해야한다. 본 논문은 케이블 내의 저항으로 인해 발생하는 오차를 극복하기 위해서 디지털 처리와 CAN (Controller Area Network) 통신을 사용하는 것을 제안한다. 또한 온도 측정의 정확도를 높이기 위해서 백금 센서인 PT-1000을 사용한다.