• Journal of the Korean Statistical Society
• /
• 제36권4호
• /
• pp.501-522
• /
• 2007

We propose an estimation procedure that can be used for detecting structural changes in the seasonal cointegrated vector autoregressive model. The asymptotic properties of the estimates and the test statistics for the parameter change are provided. A simulation example is presented to illustrate this method and its concept.

• 신재생에너지
• /
• 제16권4호
• /
• pp.9-22
• /
• 2020

This study analyzed the short- and long-term effects of nuclear and renewable energy generation on CO2 emissions in Korea, Japan, and Germany from 1987 to 2016 by using the unit root test, Johansen cointegration test, and ARDL model. The unit root test was performed, and the Johansen cointegration test showed cointegration relationships among variables. In the long run, in Germany, the generation of both nuclear and renewable energy was found to affect CO2 emission reduction, while South Korea's renewable energy generation, including hydropower, increased the emissions. Japan only showed significance in fossil fuels. In the short run, in the three countries, the generation of nuclear and renewable energy, excluding hydropower, affected CO2 emission. However, in Korea and Germany, nuclear and renewable energy generation, respectively, affected CO2 emission reduction. Although the rest are significant, the results showed that they increased CO2 emissions.

• 수산해양교육연구
• /
• 제27권6호
• /
• pp.1745-1754
• /
• 2015

This study aimed to analyze the relationship between sea temperatures and anchovy catch of Anchovy drag net fishery using annual time series data from 1970 to 2013. In the analysis, time series data on variables (CPUE, sea surface temperature, and 10m temperature) were estimated to be non-stationary from unit root tests, but one long-term equilibrium relation among variables was found from a cointegration test. From an exclusion test, a 10m temperature would not have relations with CPUE and sea surface temperature. The result of regression analysis on sea surface temperature and anchovy catch indicated that the sea surface temperature would have positive impacts on the anchovy catch. It means that when the sea surface temperature would increase, all other things including the current level of fishing effort being equal, the catch of anchovy was predicted to increase. More specifically, the result showed that when 1% of sea surface temperature increases, CPUE would be increased by 2.81%.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
• /
• 제8권1호
• /
• pp.23-36
• /
• 2021

The study explores the nexus between foreign direct investment (FDI), financial innovation, and exchange rate volatility in selected South Asian countries for 1980 to 2017. The study applies the unit root test, Autoregressive Distributed Lagged, nonlinear ARDL, and causality test following Toda-Yamamoto. Unit root tests ascertain that variables are integrated in a mixed order; few variables are stationary at a level and few after the first difference. Empirical model estimation with ARDL, Long-run cointegration revealed with the tests of FPSS, WPSS, and tBDM by rejecting the null hypothesis of "no cointegration." This finding suggests that, in the long-run financial innovation, FDI inflows, and exchange rate volatility move together. Moreover, study findings established adverse effects running from FDI inflows and financial innovation to exchange rate volatility in the long run. These findings suggest that continual FDI inflows and innovativeness in the financial system assist in lessening the volatility in the foreign exchange market. Furthermore, nonlinear ARDL confirms the presence of asymmetric cointegration in the model. The standard Wald test established asymmetric effects running from FDI inflows and financial innovation to exchange rate volatility, both in the long and short run. Directional causality unveils feedback hypothesis holds for explaining causality between FDI, financial innovation, and exchange rate volatility.

• 정보처리학회논문지B
• /
• 제14B권7호
• /
• pp.531-540
• /
• 2007

본 논문에서는 주가예측의 정확도를 향상시키기 위하여 공적분 검정(Cointegration Tests)과 인공 신경망(Artificial Neural Networks)을 사용한 2단계 하이브리드 예측 모델을 제시한다. 기존의 연구에서는 예측을 시도하고자 하는 종목의 일자별 개별 레코드를 인공 신경망과 같은 방법으로 학습함으로써 주식 데이터가 가지는 시계열적 특성을 충분히 반영하지 못하였는데, 새로 제안한 모형에서는 주식자료의 과거시차들의 값들도 인공 신경망의 속성(feature)으로 사용하여 기존 연구의 한계를 보완하였다. 또한, 예측대상종목의 정보들 외에도 장기적으로 높은 시계열 유사성을 보유한 종목들을 선발한 후 속성으로 사용하여 모형의 예측성능을 향상 시켰다. 구체적으로 1단계는 Johansen의 공적분 검정을 통하여 예측대상종목과 장기적 관계(long-term relationship)에 있는 종목을 추출하고, 2단계는 이 선발된 종목들과 예측대상종목의 시계열 정보 특성을 속성으로 구축한 인공 신경망으로 학습하여 관심 종목을 예측한다. 제안된 모델의 성능을 확인하기 위하여 KOSPI 지수의 방향성을 예측하는 시스템을 구현하였으며, 시가총액 상위 종목군을 대상으로 지수와의 공적분 검정을 하였다. 성능을 살펴보기 위하여 본 연구에서는 시계열 정보가 속성으로 반영된 단순 인공 신경망 모델, 공적분 검정을 통과한 종목들의 시계열 속성이 포함된 모델, 그리고 그 모델과 속성의 개수를 동일하게 하기 위하여 임의로 종목을 선택하여 이들의 시계열 속성이 포함된 모델을 구축하였다. 실험 결과 공적분 검정을 통과한 종목군의 속성이 결합된 모델은 단순 인공 신경망만으로 학습된 기존 모델에 비하여 평균적으로는 11.29% (최대 29.98%) 정확도가 향상되었고, 임의로 선택된 종목군의 속성이 결합된 모델에 비해서는 평균적으로는 10.59% (최대 25.78%) 가 향상된 예측 정확도를 보여주었다.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
• /
• 제15권2호
• /
• pp.485-493
• /
• 2004

This paper considers the test of money and income causality. Jeong (1991, 2003) developed a nonparametric causality test based on the kernel estimation method. We apply the nonparametric test to USA data of money and income. We also compare the test results with ones of the conventional parametric test.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
• /
• 제8권12호
• /
• pp.31-38
• /
• 2021

This study contributes to the existing literature and tries to analyze the validity of the Fisher hypothesis in the Philippines. Using monthly data from January 1995 to December 2020, the empirical analysis used the Engle-Granger and Johansen cointegration testing technique. The correlation coefficient suggests a strong positive association. All things being equal, a rise in inflation leads to a rise in the nominal interest rate. The unit-root tests show that inflation and the nominal interest rate are both stationary. Based on both Engle-Granger and cointegrating regression Durbin-Watson tests, the nominal interest rate and inflation are cointegrated. Likewise, the results from Johansen cointegration indicate that there exists a long-run relationship between the variables. However, we rejected a one-to-one relationship between nominal interest rate and inflation. The error correction term coefficient (ECM) shows that it is statistically significant suggesting that the nominal interest rate adjusts to the inflation rate with a lag. The Pair-wise Granger Causality test reported a bi-directional causal relationship between nominal interest rate and inflation. Inflation targeting has been the monetary policy framework of choice for most central banks. In essence, the conclusions of this study are useful to central banks because they help them better comprehend the long-run equilibrium relationship between the nominal interest rate and inflation.

• 국제지역연구
• /
• 제14권3호
• /
• pp.363-387
• /
• 2010

본 연구는 중국을 여행하는 아시아를 비롯하여 6개 대륙별 국제관광객의 수($TOU_i$)와 서비스 산업 GDP(SGDP)간의 인과관계 및 효과를 파악하기 위함이며, 분석기간은 1980년부터 2008년까지의 2개 변수에 대한 연도별 자료를 사용하였다. 본 연구의 결과를 요약하면 첫째, 모형에 포함된 6개 대륙 2개 변수에 대해 단위근 검정을 실시한 결과 대부분의 수준변수는 단위근이 존재하는 것으로 나타난 반면 차분변수는 단위근이 존재하지 않아 안정적인 시계열로 입증되었다. 둘째,Granger 인과관계 검정결과 6개 대륙 모두 국제관광객 수는 서비스 산업에 영향을 미치지 않은 것으로 나타난 반면 라틴아메리카모형을 제외하고는 모든 모형에서 서비스 산업이 국제관광에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타나 서비스 산업 변수가 원인변수로 나타나고 있다. 이는 중국이 서비스 산업에 투자가 증가되면서 관광지의 접근체계와 각종 편익시설이 개선되면서 최근 국제관광객이 증가하고 있기 때문으로 판단된다. 셋째, 공적분 검정에서는 6개 대륙 모든 모형에서 변수간 관계에서 모두 공적분이 존재하는 것으로 나타나 VECM을 적용하여 그 영향도를 파악할 수 있다는 결과를 얻었다.

• 수산해양기술연구
• /
• 제50권4호
• /
• pp.502-510
• /
• 2014

This study aimed to analyze the relationship between catch amount and market price of sandfish for improvement of fishing revenues and effective fisheries management. By estimating the sandfish price function by fishery, the study tried to investigate changes of prices by catch amount as well as changes of fishing revenues by catch amount and price. Results showed that time series data on catch and price were estimated to be non-stationary from unit root tests, but long-term equilibrium relations between catch amount and price were found from a cointegration analysis. Results of regression analyses indicated that the catch amount would have negative impacts on prices of sandfish in both coastal gillnet and danish seine fisheries.

• Ocean and Polar Research
• /
• 제32권1호
• /
• pp.23-40
• /
• 2010

This study investigated the effects of imported fisheries products on WTO/DDA tariff negotiations. To calculate the results, the study estimated the demand functions of imported fisheries products by using unit root and cointegration approaches. These approaches allowed us to solve spurious regression problems with macro-economic variables. In addition, this study surmised the effects of change by individually imported fish products from a tariff negotiation model using price elasticities of estimated import demand function. In a process of the analysis for estimating import effects, this study found out that 39 out of 128 imported fish products had positive (+) price elasticities or did not exhibit cointegrations. To cure this problem, this study suggested that the effects of these 39 imported products be estimated with the average variation rate of import volume, rather than by the Ordinary Least Squares approach. In this study, a case-study of tariff formula with coefficient 8 based on a 'Swiss formula' for priority duty rate of 2001 and 2008 was used by to analyze the effect of change in the 128 imported fish products of both years, respectively.