• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.173-177
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• 2020

Background: Indoor air dampness microbiota (DM) is a big health hazard. Sufficient evidence exists that exposure to DM causes new asthma or exacerbation, dyspnea, infections of upper airways and allergic alveolitis. Less convincing evidence has yet been published for extrapulmonary manifestations of dampness and mold hypersensitivity syndrome). Methods: We investigated the prevalence of extrapulmonary in addition to respiratory symptoms with a questionnaire in a cohort of nurses and midwives (n = 90) exposed to DM in a Helsinki Obstetric Hospital. The corresponding prevalence was compared with an unexposed cohort (n = 45). Particular interest was put on neurological symptoms and multiple chemical sensitivity. Results: The results show that respiratory symptoms were more common among participants of the study vs. control cohort, that is, 80 vs 29%, respectively (risk ratio [RR]: 2.56, p < 0.001). Symptoms of the central or peripheral nervous system were also more common in study vs. control cohort: 81 vs 11% (RR: 6.63, p < 0.001). Fatigue was reported in 77 vs. 24%, (RR: 3.05, p < 0.001) and multiple chemical sensitivity in 40 vs. 9%, (RR: 3.44, p = 0.01), the so-called "brain fog", was prevalent in 62 vs 11% (RR: 4.94, p < 0.001), arrhythmias were reported in 57 vs. 2.4% (RR: 19.75, p < 0.001) and musculoskeletal pain in 51 vs 22% (RR: 2.02, p = 0.02) among participants of the study vs. control cohort, respectively. Conclusion: The results indicate that the exposure to DM is associated with a plethora of extrapulmonary symptoms. Presented data corroborate our recent reports on the health effects of moist and mold exposure in a workplace.

• 응용통계연구
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.13-24
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• 2017

국민건강보험공단에서 제공하는 표본코호트DB는 보건의료계뿐만 아니라 통계학 연구를 위한 중요한 자원이다. 일반적으로 이들 자료에서 연구에 필요한 정보를 얻기 위하여 관련 사례들을 추출하는 과정에는 많은 시간과 노력이 들게 된다. 본 논문에서는 표본코호트DB를 이용하고자 할 때 사례 추출과정에 도움을 주는 데이터베이스 시스템인 National Health Insurance Service Cohort DB Extract Tool(NICE Tool)을 소개한다. SAS의 DATA 명령문이나 SQL문에 익숙하지 않은 연구자들도 쉽게 마우스 클릭만으로 DB에서 필요한 변수들과 조건에 맞는 사례들을 추출할 수 있는 기능을 제공한다. 이 시스템을 활용하면 빠른 사례추출이 가능하여 표본코호트DB를 사용한 연구들이 더욱 활성화되리라 판단된다.

• Annals of Geriatric Medicine and Research
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.114-117
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• 2016

A research project, the "Construction of Frailty Cohort for Elderly and Intervention Study," funded by the Ministry of Health and Welfare, has been ongoing since December 2015. The Korean Frailty and Aging Cohort Study (KFACS) aims to identify risk factors for adverse outcomes associated with frailty in community-dwelling older adults, as well as means of prevention. KFACS is a multicenter, longitudinal study, with the baseline survey being conducted in 2016-2017. The sample (n=3,000) consists of those aged 70-84 years, stratified by age and gender, recruited from urban and rural regions nationwide. An in-person interview and health examination are performed every 2 years. This project is also conducting many intervention studies. Project interventions focus on nutrition and exercise. The nutritional intervention study compares the effects of 1.2 g/kg versus 1.5 g/kg daily protein intake on sarcopenia and frailty in older Koreans. The exercise trial examines the effectiveness of an information and communication technology-based program in preventing or reducing frailty.

• 의학교육논단
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.132-138
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• 2023

Cohorts are established and operated at medical schools as part of efforts to improve the quality of education. Chosun University College of Medicine clarified the purpose of establishing three cohorts in light of its core values and developed criteria and indicators for each purpose. An organization focusing on cohort construction and operation was established as the Cohort Committee under the Quality Improvement Committee, and guidelines were proposed. In addition, a database and system were developed to handle primary data efficiently, and tools for measuring psychological variables were created. The data collected by establishing a cohort, regions, and admission types of graduates were first analyzed for the following projects: (1) an analysis of the educational process and quality improvement to educate medical professionals who contribute to the community after graduation, and (2) an analysis of the educational process and quality improvement to secure excellence in the medical field (e.g., knowledge and clinical reasoning), using information on the academic achievements of students and graduates as primary data. Chosun University College of Medicine is conducting cohorts and longitudinal studies gradually, starting with a simple, practically feasible system to solve the difficulties faced in cohort establishment and operation. Medical educators hope that future data collection and analysis will improve the quality of medical school education and have practical implications.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.43-51
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• 1981

The objective of the study is to measure the changes in measles infection and measles vaccination rates for the past 10 years in a rural area, Kang Wha. The study population were the entire children who were born between 1971 and 1950 in three townships (Sunwon, Naegae, Buleun) in Kangwha County. Two interview surveys were carried out during the 10 years of period, one in 1977 and the other in 1981. The data were collected by Family Health Workers through interview with structured questionnaires. The diagnosis of measles was mainly based on histories, symptoms and sighs of the disease. If a mother had reported measles history of her child, a public physician reviewed and decided the final diagnosis of the reported case. A retrospective cohort observation was done in order to see the trends of measles infections and measles vaccinations. The major findings were as follows; 1. The 5 year prevalence rate of measles vaccinations was 51.3% between 1971 and 1975 and 71.9% between 1976 and 1980 respectively. The difference between two periods was statistically significant (P<0.05). The secular trend of measles vaccinations showed increasing tendency from 1971 to 1978 and since then kept maintained. 2. In the birth cohort analysis of measles vaccinations, the vaccination rates, in general, were higher in the later cohort groups than that of earlier cohort groups. 9. The 5-year experience rates for measles infections were 24.3% between 1971 and 1975 and 17.2% between 1976 and 1980 respectively. This difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). The secular trend of experience rates for measles infections showed decreasing tendency from 1971 to 1980 except an outbreak in 1976. 4. The birth cohort analysis of experience rates for measles infections showed that the rate was higher in the later cohort groups than that of the earlier cohort groups. This decreasing tendency was prominent between $1973{\sim}1974$ and $1976{\sim}1977$. 5. The distribution of age specific incidence rates for measles infections showed unimodal curve with the peak at the age of 12 to 18 months. This findings were same in both two surveys. 6. Seasonal variations of the measles infections showed two peaks, one major peak in March through May and the another minor peak in September through December. 7. The 5-year reduction rate for measles infections among those vaccinated was 90.4% between 1971 and 1975 and 88% between 1976 and 1980.

• 대한예방의학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한예방의학회 2005년도 제57차 추계 학술대회 연제집
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• pp.415-415
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• 2005

• Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.197-197
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• 2018

• 응용통계연구
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.427-446
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• 2018

UN의 고령화사회(ageing society) 정의와 통계청의 장래인구추계 (2016)에 따르면 우리나라는 만 30여년 만에 초고령사회(super-aged society)를 맞이하게 되며, 세계 어느 나라와도 비교할 수 없는 빠른 고령화 속도를 보인다. 이러한 유례없는 고령화 속도에 비해서 장기 시계열의 사망관련 데이터 확보와 연금과 복지정책을 고민하는 인식은 뒤처져 있다. 본 연구는 과거 및 미래 예측을 통해 우리나라 1955-2200년까지 245여 연간의 사망률 자료를 추정 예측하여 가상코호트와 실제코호트의 기대수명을 비교함으로써 그 차이가 어느 정도인지를 가늠해 보았다. 더불어 우리나라 고령화수준을 파악하기 위해 국제비교도 하였다. 역 추계(back-projection) 기간의 추정치는 선행연구와 Lee-Carte (LC) 모형으로 비교 분석해 정확성과 객관성을 높였으며, 2016년 이후의 예측치는 LC method extended with rotation (LC-ER) 모형을 활용해 우리나라의 사망률 개선의 교대현상을 반영하였다. 분석결과 60년 동안(1955-2015년) 약 30년에 가까운 기대수명의 증가가 이루어졌고, 2세기(1955-2155)동안 실제코호트의 기대수명이 가상코호트보다 높게 도출되었다. 실제코호트의 기대수명 비교우위는 비교 국가들 모두 공통적인 경향임을 확인하였다. 그리고 일본과 우리나라가 기대수명의 상위를 점하고 있고, 모든 국가들이 85-90세를 기점으로 가상과 실제코호트의 기대수명에 대한 증가속도가 이전보다 높지 않음을 보였다.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제41권4호
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• pp.158-164
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• 2014

Objective: To assess whether an early GnRH antagonist start leads to better follicular synchronization and an improved clinical pregnancy rate (CPR). Methods: A retrospective cohort study. A total of 218 infertile women who underwent IVF between January 2011 and February 2013. The initial cohort (Cohort I) that underwent IVF between January 2011 and March 2012 included a total of 68 attempted IVF cycles. Thirty-four cycles were treated with the conventional GnRH antagonist protocol, and 34 cycles with an early GnRH antagonist start protocol. The second cohort (Cohort II) that underwent IVF between June 2012 and February 2013 included a total of 150 embryo-transfer (ET) cycles. Forty-three cycles were treated with the conventional GnRH antagonist protocol, 34 cycles with the modified early GnRH antagonist start protocol using highly purified human menopause gonadotropin and an addition of GnRH agonist to the luteal phase support, and 73 cycles with the GnRH agonist long protocol. Results: The analysis of Cohort I showed that the number of mature oocytes retrieved was significantly higher in the early GnRH antagonist start cycles than in the conventional antagonist cycles (11.9 vs. 8.2, p=0.04). The analysis of Cohort II revealed higher but non-significant CPR/ET in the modified early GnRH antagonist start cycles (41.2%) than in the conventional antagonist cycles (30.2%), which was comparable to that of the GnRH agonist long protocol cycles (39.7%). Conclusion: The modified early antagonist start protocol may improve the mature oocyte yield, possibly via enhanced follicular synchronization, while resulting in superior CPR as compared to the conventional antagonist protocol, which needs to be studied further in prospective randomized controlled trials.

• 한국인구학
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.75-97
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• 2008

최근 우리나라는 고령화가 급속도로 진전되면서 향후 생산가능인구의 감소와 더불어 인구구조, 특히 연령구조(age structure) 또한 급격한 변화를 겪을 것으로 예상되고 있다. 이에 본 연구는 이러한 인구구조의 변화가 임금구조에 미치는 영향을 파악하기 위해 연령별 세대규모(cohort size)에 초점을 맞추어 세대규모효과로 인해 연령-임금 프로파일이 어떻게 변모하였는지를 분석하였다. 실증분석은 Wright(1991)의 모형을 기초로 노동부의 '임금구조기본통계조사' 원자료($1990년{\sim}2006$년)의 남성 근로자 데이터를 활용한 Weighted OLS 회귀분석으로 이루어졌다. 추정결과에서는 고졸 근로자 및 대졸이상 고학력 근로자에게서 세대규모효과가 발견되었는데, 고졸 근로자의 경우 기존 Welch(1979)나 Wright(1991)의 연구와 유사한 결과가 나타났지만, 대졸이상 근로자의 경우 반대로 정(+)의 신규진입효과와 부(-)의 지속효과가 나타났다. 따라서 고졸 근로자는 임금수준에서 세대규모로 인한 불이익을 받는 반면, 고학력 취업자의 경우 최근 청년실업 및 취업난의 상황에도 불구하고 상대적으로 작은 세대규모로 인해 임금수준에서 이득을 보고 있다는 것을 보여주고 있다. 이는 기존의 연구가 주로 노동수요 측면에 치우쳐 있다는 점에서 노동공급측면에서 인구 고령화에 따른 인구구조의 변화에 관심을 둔 연구가 필요하다는 것을 시사한다.