• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.140-153
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• 2020

Purpose: This mixed-methods study was conducted to compare and analyze the perceptions of children and their parents regarding the meaning of the children's life. Methods: First, children's and parents' perceptions of the meaning of life were analyzed using a quantitative approach, and the cognitive differences between children and parents were then confirmed through a qualitative approach. We integrated the collected data comprehensively. Results: Ten significant differences (awareness of strong points, recognizing oneself as a precious being, relationships with friends, happy memories, liking people, experiencing difficulty, dreams and goals, experiencing love, appreciating life, helping people who are poorer than me) were identified between children and parents. The results of the content analysis of the qualitative data were divided into two variables: children's experiences of the meaning of life (78 significant statements, 32 sub-themes, and 10 themes) and parents' perceptions of the meaning of life of their children (89 significant statements, 36 sub-themes, and 10 themes). Conclusion: Based on these results, we propose developing meaning-centered intervention programs for children and parents and applying them for educational purposes. By doing so, we expect that meaning-centered education for elementary school students will become more active.

• Anxiety and mood
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.155-161
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• 2015

Objective : The purpose of this study was to verify the effect of a single-session, positive psychology-based, strength-enhancing workshop for psychiatrists. The program is composed of lecture about positive psychology and workshop activities for identifying and utilizing character strengths. Methods : A total of 42 psychiatrists participated in this study. The program consisted of a lecture about positive psychology and workshop activities for identifying and utilizing character strengths. Results of a positive resources test, given before and after the session, were used to assess changes in the personal positive resources of the participants as a result of the program. Results : We noted significant increases in participants' satisfaction with life, positive affect, gratitude, acceptance, positive and cognitive emotion regulation, orientation of life, growth, spirit, autonomy, social support, and care factors after completion of the program. On additional analysis, spirit and care scores of female participants's were significantly increased than male participants's. Conclusion : The findings are meaningful in verifying the efficacy of a short-term intervention to improve psychiatrists's positive resources.

• Journal of Home Health Care Nursing
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.136-154
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• 2005

Purpose : This study purposed to conduct a comprehensive survey of home care nursing clients' quality of life based on the PRECEDE model. Method : This study selected 74 home care nursing clients registered at a university hospital in Incheon and performed face-to-face interviews by structured questionnaire. The research period was two months from the $2^{nd}$ of February to the $30^{th}$ of March in 2004. Result : According to the result of assessment at each stage of the PRECEDE model, home care nursing clients' quality of life was 13.88 out of 25 points, health level 15.22 out of 21, abilities to perform activities of daily living 29.26 out of 100, cognitive abilities 16.00 out of 30, social support 13.68 out of 20, and satisfaction with home care nursing service 33.26 out of 40. According to the result of stepwise regression in order to identify factors influencing home care nursing clients' quality of life, social support and abilities of daily living were found to be significant variables among the characteristics of each assessment stage. Conclusion : It is necessary to develop nursing intervention strategies for strengthening social support and enhancing abilities to perform activities of daily living in order to improve home nursing clients' quality of life.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.85-92
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• 2021

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) leads to functional decline in academic performance, interpersonal relationships, and development in school-aged children. Early diagnosis and appropriate intervention can significantly reduce the functional decline caused by ADHD. Currently, there is no established biological marker for ADHD. Some studies have suggested that various indicators from the quantitative electroencephalogram (QEEG) may be useful biological markers for the diagnosis of ADHD. Until the 2010s, theta/beta ratio (TBR) was a biomarker candidate for ADHD that consistently showed high diagnostic value. However, limitations of TBR have recently been reported. Studies have demonstrated that phase-amplitude coupling, especially theta phase-gamma amplitude coupling, are related to cognitive dysfunction and may assist in the diagnosis of ADHD. As yet, the underlying mechanism is not clearly established, and the clinical efficacy of these biomarkers needs to be proven through well-controlled studies. Based on the heterogeneous characteristics of ADHD, subgrouping through QEEG plays a key role in diagnosis and treatment planning. Sophisticated, well-designed studies and meta-analyses are necessary to confirm these findings.

• Journal of East-West Nursing Research
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.172-178
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• 2010

Purpose: We examined the relationship between the health-related issues of elderly women and bone density and identified specific factors that affect the prevalence of osteoporosis to provide basic data for developing a health care program on osteoporosis prevention. Methods: This study is a secondary data analysis of 118,903 66-yr-old women who received a health examination conducted by the National Health Insurance Corporation in 2008. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors affecting the prevalence of osteoporosis. Results: The prevalence of osteoporosis was 46.8%, whereas the prevalence of osteopenia was 38.4% among elderly women in this study. Statistically significant differences were observed between the osteoporosis and non-osteoporosis group in terms of smoking (p<.001), exercise (p<.001), obesity (p<.001), waist circumference (p<.001), depression (p<.001), falling experience (p<.05), and the cognitive function risk (p<.05). Based on the multiple logistic regression results, the risk for osteoporosis was high in those who were under-weight, smoked, or were depressed. In contrast, moderate or high level obesity showed a negative relationship with osteoporosis. Conclusion: The prevalence of osteopenia and osteoporosis was 85.2%. Therefore, there is a need to develop health care programs pertaining to osteoporosis intervention and prevention for elderly women. Because smoking, non-exercise, and obesity are main osteoporosis risk factors, it is highly recommended that some sound practical life programs and psychological support programs be considered for this population.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.23-37
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• 2007

Background: Even though cervical cancer poses a significant global cancer burden, successful implementations for early detection offer an opportunity to prevent deaths and reduce the cancer burden. In Korea, cervical cancer is the most prevalent type of cancer among adult women, but it is one of the few cancers in which a consensus-approved screening test exists for early diagnosis, Pap test, that can be combined with highly efficacious treatment regimens for early-stage disease. Purpose: This study was carried out to identify the cognitive-behavioral factors associated with cervical cancer screening behavior among adult women, aged 40 to 59, and to develop tailored messages and to evaluate the effectiveness of stage-matched educational program. Method: A total of 283 women who aged 40 years or older was recruited in Seoul, from September, 1st to November, 14th, 2003. The intervention group (N=162) and the control group (N=121) were selected from five sub-districts in Seocho-gu, Seoul. Building on the TTM, a quasi-experimental study was conducted to test the effectiveness of stages-matched intervention addressed at the five stages of cervical cancer screening behavior. Women in the intervention group were randomly assigned to one of two conditions, internet or postal services. Results: In our results, 88.9% of participants had received a Pap test at least once in their life-time, and 65.4% had got it in the past two years. With regard to cognitive-behavioral factors, the stages-matched educational program increased attitude and process of change for cervical cancer screening. The percentage changed was the largest in maintenance stage. With regard to delivery methods for tailored messages, the print materials were more effective at increasing screening adherence than the e-mail. Whereas the postal service group showed remarkable the change of behavior stage, the internet service group did not. Also it was not shown any difference of the satisfaction with stages-matched educational program between internet and postal service groups. Conclusion: This study suggested that cervical cancer screening behavior could be changed by tailored messages which had developed with cognitive-behavioral factors. The stages-matched educational program was effective to promote the screening adherence for cervical cancer.

• Therapeutic Science for Rehabilitation
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.19-35
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• 2021

Objective : This study aimed to systematically examine studies on the life-space mobility in community-dwelling elderly and analyze and summarize the research trends. Methods : The Embase and PubMed databases were searched for articles on the life-space mobility of community-dwelling elderly published between January 2010 and January 2020. Based on the selection and exclusion criteria of the 335 articles, a total of 27 articles were finally selected and analyzed. Results : As a results, 11 (40.7%) cohort studies had evidence level II. This study showed that the participants in the studies were healthy elderly (81.5%), and the University of Alabama Life-Space Assessment (UAB-LSA) used the most participants (88.9%). Of the foci of the 27 finally selected studies, 8 (29.6%) were physical, 8 (29.6%) were psychosocial, 6 (22.2%) were cognitive, and 2 (7.4%) were social, and 3 (11.1%) were others. The life-space mobility of the elderly needs to be analyzed from a multidimensional point of view, and not based on a single factor such as the physical, cognitive, psychosocial, or social. Conclusion : The results of this study are expected to verify causality through the study of life-space mobility for the elderly staying in various communities and provide future directions for the study on the mobility of the elderly's and the development of community-based intervention programs.

• (The)Korea Educational Review
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.231-260
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• 2017

The Fourth Industrial Revolution foreshadows radical changes in our lives. In the era of the fourth industrial revolution called the digital revolution, individualized learning based on ubiquitous learning is emphasized. The contents of learning will be centered on procedural knowledge rather than narrative knowledge, and fusion education in which boundaries between learning domains are broken down will be achieved. First of all, learners in the fourth industrial revolution era should have critical thinking and problem solving abilities. Metacognition based on self-control and cognitive flexibility is important for effective self-directed and active learning. Creativity-based collaborative activities, social vision skills, and social and emotional skills are also important competencies. Therefore, in order to provide individualized learning contents to learners in the fourth industrial revolution era, they should be transformed into learning paradigm based on personal characteristics such as learners' self-efficacy, interest, curiosity and creativity. In addition to this, evaluation forms should be diversified according to changing teaching and learning methods. In order to cultivate teachers to lead such educational innovation, it is necessary to reconsider the teaching capacity. Teachers should be able to construct creative lessons by skillfully exploiting technology in future learning environments. In addition to this, it should also have the ability to collaborate and cognitive flexibility to converge with other academic disciplines. Along with these discussions, we proposed the need for policy intervention along with changes in education.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.143-152
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• 2019

PURPOSE: This examined the effects of a sling exercise based on music on the cognition, physical performance of patients with dementia. METHODS: Thirty subjects with dementia volunteered to participate in this study. All subjects were allocated randomly to either the experimental group or control group, with 15 subjects in each group. All subjects underwent the exercise program for an average of 60 minutes per day for 16 weeks. The experimental group performed sling exercise based on music, and the control group performed the general exercise program. Assessments were made using the Korean version of mini-mental state examination (MMSE-K), 10 m walk test (10MWT), Tinetti mobility test (TMT), and Katz's Index of Independence in activity daily living (KIIADL) to detect changes in the cognitive level and physical performance before and after the 16-week training period. A paired t-test was conducted to compare the within-group change before and after the intervention. An independent t-test was performed to compare the between-group difference. The statistical significance level was set to α=.05 for all variables. RESULTS: The experimental group showed significant within-group changes in the MMSE-K, 10MWT, TMT, and KIIADL (p<.05). The control group showed a significant change in only the KIIADL (p<.05). A significant difference was observed between the experimental group and the control group regarding the change in MMSE-K and KIIADL after the interventions (p<.05). CONCLUSION: A music-based sling exercise program effectively improves cognition, physical performance, and ADL in patients with dementia. Further studies with a wider range of subjects and scientific equipment will be needed to strengthen the results of this study.

• Journal of Korean geriatric psychiatry
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.35-40
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• 2017

Objective : This study aimed to investigate the effect of community-based Goal-Achieving program in geriatric depressive symptoms preliminarily. Methods : We obtained data from elderly Korean subjects with major depressive disorder (n=51) aged 60 years or older at baseline, taking case management from community mental health center. Subjects were randomly assigned to intervention group (n=24) and control group (n=27). We investigated depressive symptoms through Short Form Geriatric Depression Scale-Korean version (SGDS-K) at baseline and every month for 3 months to all subjects. We tested interaction between group and time in SGDS-K score to evaluate the effect of program. And post hoc test examined between group differences of SGDS-K at each time points. Results : In quadratic linear mixed effects model analysis, interaction between group and time was statistically significant (Total SGDS-K score : coefficient=0.29, p<0.001 ; SGDS-K dysphoria subscale : 0.18, p<0.001 ; SGDS-K hopelessness subscale : 0.05, p=0.089 ; SGDS-K cognitive impairment subscale : 0.06, p=0.003). And significant between group difference was shown in post hoc test at time points of third month (SGDS-K score of control group : SGDS-K score of intervention group=$10.74{\pm}3.482$ : $7.25{\pm}4.475$, p=0.0184). Conclusion : These results may suggest that 'Community-based the Goal-Achieving program' has efficacy in reducing geriatric depressive symptoms.