• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
• /
• v.30 no.2
• /
• pp.242-254
• /
• 2011

The purpose of this study was to understand the teaching effects according to the cognitive levels after conducting inquiry activities using science notebooks in the open inquiry activities of the elementary science class. The results of this study were as follow. first, students having the open inquiry activities using science notebooks showed improvement in scientific inquiry abilities in both groups with the low and high cognitive level. Second, regarding the changes of scientific attitudes, both groups with the low and high cognitive level exhibited improvement. According to the result of analyzing interaction between the cognitive level and class treatment on the effects for scientific inquiry abilities and scientific attitudes, there was no difference by the cognitive level. And the use of science notebooks in open inquiry activities had effects on improving scientific inquiry abilities and scientific attitudes regardless of the cognitive level.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
• /
• v.29 no.3
• /
• pp.127-156
• /
• 2008

This study aimed to verify the mediating effects of cognitive function and social support and to establish a structural relationship between child maltreatment and resilience in school-age children (n=357) taken in by child protection service. In the first model (linear arrangement), each protective factor mediates independently between maltreatment and resilience; in the second model (arrangement in due order), cognitive function has mediating effects prior to social support. Analysis of data included descriptive statistics, Cronbach's a, confirmatory factor analysis, and structural equation modeling. Results of the first model showed indirect effects of cognitive function and social support. Results of the second model significantly affirmed that the mediators, cognitive function and social support, diminish negative effects of maltreatment by bolstering resilience.

• Therapeutic Science for Rehabilitation
• /
• v.6 no.2
• /
• pp.71-83
• /
• 2017

Objective: This study was to develop and verify the effects of the exercise-cognitive combined dual-task training program on cognitive function and depression of the elderly with mild cognitive impairment(MCI). Methods: The subjects were randomly assigned to the exercise-cognitive combined dual-task training group(n=32) or single-task training group(n=31). To identify the effects on cognitive function, general cognitive function, frontal lobe function, and attention/working memory were measured. Depression was evaluated using Korean version of Geriatric Depression Scale. The outcome measurements were performed before and after the 8 weeks of intervention(2 days per week). Results: After 8 weeks, general cognitive function, frontal cognitive function, attention/working memory function, depression of the dual-task training group were significantly increased than those of the single-task training group(p<0.05). Conclusion: The results indicated that an exercise-cognitive combined dual-task training for MCI was effective in improving general cognitive function, frontal /executive function, attention/working memory function and reducing depression.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
• /
• v.36 no.2
• /
• pp.240-252
• /
• 2022

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to draw practical implications applicable to the field by analyzing a double-mediator model of social participation and depression in relation to the utilization of Information Communication Technology (ICT) and cognitive function. Methods: The data from the Fifth Living Profiles of Older People Survey in Korea was used, and the sample included 3,925 people, 75 years of age or older. Descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and the PROCESS macro test were used for verification of the double mediator model. Results: The results were as follows: First, ICT utilization was rated at an average of 1.4 out of 10, social participation at an average of 1.1 out of 7, depression at an average of 3.72 out of 15, and cognitive function at an average of 22.42 out of 30. Second, ICT utilization has a significant effect on cognitive function. Third, the mediating effects of social participation between ICT utilization and cognitive function were significant. Fourth, the mediating effects of depression between ICT utilization and cognitive function were not significant. Fifth, the serial double mediator effects leading to ICT utilization, social participation, depression, and cognitive function were significant. Conclusion: The study discussed the implications of maintaining and protecting cognitive function in the vulnerable elderly through the utilization of ICT.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
• /
• v.20 no.2
• /
• pp.120-130
• /
• 2011

The purpose of this study is to propose cognitive ecological effects of fractal patterns in space design. This study investigated the perception and cognition problems regarding landscape patterns showing fractal properties from the cognitive perspective instead of the traditional speculative approach. In particular, the researcher has verified that fractal geometry theory and fractal pattern concept provide insight in space aesthetic values and cognitive effects. Research results are as follows. First, most environmentally-friendly fractal urban forms provide cognitive connectivity. In particular, this space provides a positive emotional response and preference to humans and displays self-organized complexity. This study found that such complexity of space form has characteristics corresponding to parallel cognitive structures of the human brain. Simultaneously, the researcher suggests that the fractal landscape pattern is an alternative for stiff and homogenized modern space. Second, fractal patterns provide hierarchical connectivity within the brain through continuous difference and repetition. In particular, self-similarities of fractal patterns administer significant visual grouping and coherence in human perception. It can be determined whether scaling coherence facilitates easier organization in cognitive organization. Third, fractal patterns in space design provide the basic method for achieving the connection between concept, construction, and urban factors. As a result, the researcher has suggested that scale distribution of geometrical factors, such as fractal patterns, an be a design method to connect various space typologies.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
• /
• v.42 no.6
• /
• pp.981-995
• /
• 2022

Cognitive dysfunction is a common symptom of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and Huntington's disease, and is known to be caused by the structural and functional loss of neurons. Many natural agents that can improve cognitive function have been developed and assessed for efficacy using various cognitive deficit animal models. As the gut environment is known to be closely connected to brain function, probiotics are attracting attention as an effective treatment target that can prevent and mitigate cognitive deficits as a result of neurodegenerative diseases. Thus, the objective of this review is to provide useful information about the types and characteristics of cognitive deficit animal models, which can be used to evaluate the anti-cognitive effects of probiotics. In addition, this work reviewed recent studies describing the effects and treatment conditions of probiotics on cognitive deficit animal models. Collectively, this review shows the potential of probiotics as edible natural agents that can mitigate cognitive impairment. It also provides useful information for the design of probiotic treatments for cognitive deficit patients in future clinical studies.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
• /
• v.18 no.12
• /
• pp.343-351
• /
• 2020

The present study investigated the related variables of cognitive function, subjective cognitive decline and cognitive training effects. The cognitive training was composed of mete-cognitive education and cognitive task performing. Twenty older adults attended for 14 weeks and were tested before and after the training. Results show that their cognitive level was related with age, self-esteem and personality traits. And subjective cognitive decline was related depression, anxiety, personality traits, self-efficacy, self-esteem and subjective age, but it does not reflect objective cognitive impairments. Their cognitive test scores were enhanced after training in MMSE, memory and executive function, and enhanced scores were related with age, subjective cognitive decline, anxiety, self-efficacy, self-esteem, subjective age and personality traits. Findings suggest one's personality and psychological state need to be considered for the effects of cognitive training.

• Journal of International Academy of Physical Therapy Research
• /
• v.5 no.2
• /
• pp.730-737
• /
• 2014

The aim of this study is to examine the effects of virtual reality cognitive rehabilitation program on cognitive function, physical function and depression of long-term care insurance nongrading elderly dementia using Daytime protection service. For achieve this purpose, 30 dementia elderly were randomly assigned in to the experimental group(n=15)and control group(n=15). All subjects performed a general therapeutic exercise and 20- 30minutes takes virtual reality cognitive rehabilitation program were conducted with experimental group 2 times a week for 8 weeks. The intervention effects were measured by using cognitive function is mini-mental states examination-Korean version(MMSE-K), visual perception is MVPT(Motor-Free Visual Perception Test), Berg's balance scales(BBS), depression test GDS-K and lower limb strength. The results of study represented that the training group showed significant improvement in MMSEK( p<.05), visual perception(p<.05), balance(p<.05), lower limb strength(p<.05) and depression (p<.05). In conclusion, the virtual reality cognitive rehabilitation training using improves visual perception included cognitive function, physical function included balance, and lower limb strength and depression. These results suggest that virtual reality training using virtual reality cognitive rehabilitation program is feasible and suitable for mild dementia.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
• /
• v.35 no.1
• /
• pp.61-76
• /
• 2014

This study examined the effects of perfectionism and cognitive-emotion regulation strategies on the test anxiety. The participants in this study were 423(227 boys, 196 girls) 6th graders recruited from four elementary schools in Seoul, Korea. The participants completed the Test Anxiety Inventory-Korea(Kim, 1991), the Child and Adolescent Perfectionism Scale(CAPS; Flett at al, 2000), and the Cognitive-Emotion Regulation Questionnaire(CERQ; Garnefski, 2001). The results of this study were as follows. First, self-oriented perfectionism and socially prescribed perfectionism were both positively associated with test anxiety. Additionally, the children who used more adaptive cognitive-emotion regulation strategies reported lower test anxiety, whereas the children who used more maladaptive cognitive-emotion regulation strategies reported higher test anxiety. Secondly, there was an interactional effect between self-oriented perfectionism and maladaptive cognitive-emotion regulation strategies on test anxiety. Lastly, socially prescribed perfectionism and cognitive-emotion regulation strategies had a significant effect on children's test anxiety. However, there were no interactional effects observed between socially prescribed perfectionism and cognitive-emotion regulation strategies on test anxiety.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
• /
• v.55 no.5
• /
• pp.159-163
• /
• 2012

Most children with epilepsy are of normal intelligence. However, a significant subset will have temporary or permanent cognitive impairment. Factors that affect cognitive function are myriad and include the underlying neuropathology of the epilepsy, seizures, epileptiform discharges, psychosocial problems, age at seizure onset, duration of epilepsy, and side effects associated with antiepileptic drugs. This review article discusses cognitive function in children with idiopathic epilepsy and the effects of antiepileptic drugs on cognitive function in children.