• Korean Medical Education Review
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.67-76
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• 2020

The structures and processes of medical education have changed little since the publication of Flexner's report, which stressed the scientific orientation of medical education and the curricular structure of 2 years of formal knowledge education and 2 years of clinical experience. However, the previous perspectives on medical education are facing challenges, and these call for new pedagogy and theories on which to base medical education practice. Considering that social dimensions of learning have been emphasized in practice, perspectives that integrate these aspects are needed. Among the various learning theories, social cognitive theory refers to the theoretical framework which contends that learning occurs within interactions with others and environments. From a social cognitive standpoint, learning through observation is a critical component in human functioning. Indeed, observational learning has particular significance in medical education in that it provides the context for which the importance and meaning of role models can be understood. In addition, as theoretical constructs such as self-efficacy and outcome expectations allow us to establish an effective learning environment, exploring the concepts of the theory could be beneficial to medical education practice. In this context, the present review article aims to provide a glimpse of the fundamental assumptions and theoretical concepts of social cognitive theory and discusses the implications the theory has on teaching and learning. Further, a review of previous studies could help explain how the theory has informed medical education practice. Finally, the author will conclude with the implications and limitations of applying social cognitive theory in medical education.

• Journal of Information Technology Services
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.129-143
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• 2015

This study has two goals. The first goal is to investigate whether worked examples are effective in the ill-defined domain with on-line learning and the second goal is to find out which components (conceptual or procedural knowledge) of worked examples are effective factor at the given learning environment. We carried out three experiments in which Korean undergraduate or graduate students were working in three or four conditions of worked examples (CWE, PWE, CPWE, or the control group). While experiment 1 conducted in on-line learning environment did not find any effect and difference among groups and also any logical reason for those results, experiment 2 conducted in completely controlled laboratory setting with less knowledgeable students showed the clear difference among groups by the order CPWE, PWE, and CWE. Experiment 3 in which highly knowledgeable and motivated students were presented the same materials in more controlled on-line learning environment indicated the difference among groups by the order CWE, CPWE, and PWE. The results were discussed within the framework of cognitive load theory.

• The Journal of Korean Association of Computer Education
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.47-56
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of learner's characteristics on the student's achievement in Information Communication Technology (ICT) teaching-learning environment. The subjects of this study were a total of 140 8th students in middle school in Taejeon province. The methods of teaching were the ICT teaching-learning, Academic achievement test. the learning style inventory. self-concept test and cognitive style test were used as the instruments to determine the effect. Such statistical analyses as the pearson co-relation, multi regression and t-test through SPSS WIN version 11.0 were used to determine the relationship between learner's characteristics and student's achievement. The results of this study were as follows: first, learner's emotional and social factor of learning style influenced positively the student's academic achievement in ICT teaching-learning environment. Second. learner's academic factor of self-concept had an positive influence on the student's academic achievement in ICT teaching-learning environment. Third, there were differences of student's academic achievements according to the student's cognitive style in ICT teaching-learning environment.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.13-34
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• 1996

The purpose of this study is to develop appropriate science teaching models which can be applied effectively to relevant situations. Five science teaching models; cognitive conflict teaching models, generative teaching model, learning cycle teaching model, hypothesis verification teaching model and discovery teaching model, were identified from the existing models. The teaching models were modified and in primary and secondary students using a nonequivalent pretest-posttest control group design. Major findings of this study were as follows: 1. For teaching science concepts, three teaching models were found more effective; cognitive conflict teaching model, generative teaching model and discovery teaching model. 2. For teaching inquiry skills, two teaching models were found more effective; learning cycle teaching model and hypothesis verification teaching model. 3. For teaching scientific attitudes, two teaching models were found more effective; learning cycle teaching models and discovery teaching model. Each teaching model requires specific learning environment. It is strongly suggested that teachers should select a suitable teaching model carefully after evaluating the learning environment including teacher and student variables, learning objectives and curricular materials.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.39-46
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• 2021

This study aims to investigate the relationship among the learning flow, perceived effectiveness of online learning and learning burnout in college online classes. A total of 149 college students participated in the study and completed the survey including learning flow, learning burnout and demographic information. The results showed that participants with higher learning flow showed less learning burnout. In addition, the perceived effectiveness of online learning partially mediated the relationship between cognitive learning flow and learning burnout, but did not mediate the relationship between defined learning flow and learning burnout. Since learners with higher cognitive learning flow perceived online learning as more effective, it is necessary to find out how to build learners' cognitive learning flow to decrease learning burnout. The results imply that universities should provide students with administrative support and an appropriate online learning environment.

• Korean Architects
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• s.661
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• pp.54-58
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• 2024

• International Journal of Contents
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.1-8
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• 2014

This paper discusses designing an interdisciplinary learning environment to promote learning of the liberal arts for advanced music students in order to expand the boundaries of their education experience beyond the technical mastery of their musical instruments. The paper discusses the utilization of salient features of information, communications, and technology and the use of instructional theory to promote the understanding of how individual pieces of music can be connected to knowledge of the context in which they were created to support the understanding of the relationship between experience in the world and musical composition.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.57-77
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• 2005

This review is aimed at the understanding of learning in field-trips relating to education in outdoor activities. The review specifically concerns what studies have been undertaken by seeking evidence from research published between 1950 and 2004. The review indicates three common arguments on learning during field-trips. First, the learning in an informal learning environment based on first-hand experiences is most significant when it has meaning for the learner from field-trips. Second, learning aims and strategies in field-trips have evolved along with world-wide concerns towards the environment. Third, the experiences from field-trips can impact significantly on students' cognitive and affective learning. However, the research of field-trip experiences from outdoor activities has focused on learning outcomes far more than on the learning characteristics which facilitate students' learning. Therefore, further study is required, which can provide clear evidence on how such learning characteristics through field-trips can help studentsto successfully attain educational goals.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.11 no.12
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• pp.986-997
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to verify the cognitive theory of Multimedia learning in a Smart Pad environment. Specifically, the viability of the multimedia principle and individual difference principle was tested for this study. To accomplish this, participants were divided into two groups based on their prior knowledge level (high/low), and members of each group were given one of two Smart Pad based programs, one text-based and the other text and image based. Results indicate that the use of images and the interaction between image use and prior knowledge did not have a significant effect on cognitive load levels. However, there were significant effects on learning achievement. This study implies that when developing Smart Pad based learning content, the small screen size compared to PC monitors, types and functions of images, and learning objectives should be considered.

• Journal of The Korean Association of Information Education
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.379-387
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• 2007

The purpose of the study was to explore the correlation between in-degree and out-degree centrality Social Network Indices and cognitive and affective learning outcomes measures in an e-Learning environment. Results indicate both the out-degree and in-degree centrality indices are correlated with the cognitive learning outcome measures only. Further, results of the follow-up multiple regression analyses describe the cognitive learning outcome would be predicted by both the in-degree centrality (52%) and out-degree centrality (8%). A discussion is provided to interpret the results and limitations are specified.